Agaricus specimens collected in France belong to two novel entities resembling small forms of A. ... more Agaricus specimens collected in France belong to two novel entities resembling small forms of A. moelleri and A. xanthodermus, two common species in section Xanthodermatei. Molecular (IT1+ITS2 DNA sequence) and morphological comparisons between eight presumed similar taxa of the section support the elevation of both entities to species rank. The new entities are described as A. parvitigrinus and A. xanthodermulus. They form a group with A. laskibarii, a rare species also recently described from France, and A. californicus, a North-American species. The well known A. moelleri and A. xanthodermus are the most related species among the studied sample. Like other species of the section, both new species have a phenolic odor and are probably toxic.
Among 400 wild specimens of A. bisporus collected in Europe, only three were tetrasporic. In the ... more Among 400 wild specimens of A. bisporus collected in Europe, only three were tetrasporic. In the case of two of them from France, a previous study showed that one was homokaryotic and hypothetically belonged to a homothallic entity while the other was heterokaryotic and possibly resulted from hybridization between a member of this entity and a classical bisporic strain. A third tetrasporic specimen recently was discovered in Greece. Morphological and genetic comparisons, using alloenzymatic markers, molecular markers and ITS polymorphisms, reveal that this third specimen is homokaryotic and belongs, with the homokaryotic specimen from France, to the same entity. Dissimilarity analysis confirms the hybrid origin of the heterokaryotic specimen. Varietal status is proposed for this homothallic, highly homogeneous entity, and A. bisporus var. eurotetrasporus is described. This novel variety clearly differs from var. bisporus by its tetrasporic basidia and from var. burnettii by its longer spores. It has a complex story because it can interbreed with var. bisporus and shares the same habitat; however, because of its homothallic life cycle and its partial intersterility, it is probably in the process of speciation.
Les donnees sur les champignons mycorhiziens du cedre de l'Atlas sont rares. Une etude a ete ... more Les donnees sur les champignons mycorhiziens du cedre de l'Atlas sont rares. Une etude a ete realisee a la cedraie d'Ighil-Inguel, station de Tala-Guilef (massif du Djurdjura, Algerie). Une attention particuliere a ete accordee aux champignons mycorhiziens susceptibles de contracter une association avec le cedre au stade juvenile. Sur une centaine d'especes identifiees (appartenant a 48 genres), 71 especes appartenant a 29 genres sont connues comme ectomycorhiziennes la plupart font partie des familles des Cortinariaceae, Tricholomataceae et Russulaceae. Sur les 71 especes, 40 sont signalees pour la premiere fois en Algerie. Parmi les 193 especes mycorhiziennes differentes relevees en Algerie, au Maroc et en France, dans les differentes etudes realisees jusqu'ici, 23 especes trouvees au cours de notre etude sont signalees pour la premiere fois sous cedre. La flore mycorhizienne du cedre de l'Atlas semble correspondre principalement aux genres Cortinarius, Inocybe, Russula et Tricholoma. Les genres Hebeloma, Hygrophorus and Ramaria sont assez bien representes. (corresponding to 48 different genera), 71 species belonging to 29 genera are ectomycorrhizal. Most of them are members of the Cortinariaceae, Tricholomataceae and Russulaceae families. Out of the 71 species, 40 were observed for the first time in Algeria. Out of the 193 mycorrhizal species observed in Algeria, Morocco and France, in the different studies made so far, 23 were monitored for the first time in this study under cedar. The mycorrhizal flora of Cedrus atlantica appears to consist mainly of species belonging to genera Cortinarius, Inocybe, Russula and Tricholoma. The genera Hebeloma, Hygrophorus and Ramaria are also represented.
Agaricus specimens collected in France belong to two novel entities resembling small forms of A. ... more Agaricus specimens collected in France belong to two novel entities resembling small forms of A. moelleri and A. xanthodermus, two common species in section Xanthodermatei. Molecular (IT1+ITS2 DNA sequence) and morphological comparisons between eight presumed similar taxa of the section support the elevation of both entities to species rank. The new entities are described as A. parvitigrinus and A. xanthodermulus. They form a group with A. laskibarii, a rare species also recently described from France, and A. californicus, a North-American species. The well known A. moelleri and A. xanthodermus are the most related species among the studied sample. Like other species of the section, both new species have a phenolic odor and are probably toxic.
Among 400 wild specimens of A. bisporus collected in Europe, only three were tetrasporic. In the ... more Among 400 wild specimens of A. bisporus collected in Europe, only three were tetrasporic. In the case of two of them from France, a previous study showed that one was homokaryotic and hypothetically belonged to a homothallic entity while the other was heterokaryotic and possibly resulted from hybridization between a member of this entity and a classical bisporic strain. A third tetrasporic specimen recently was discovered in Greece. Morphological and genetic comparisons, using alloenzymatic markers, molecular markers and ITS polymorphisms, reveal that this third specimen is homokaryotic and belongs, with the homokaryotic specimen from France, to the same entity. Dissimilarity analysis confirms the hybrid origin of the heterokaryotic specimen. Varietal status is proposed for this homothallic, highly homogeneous entity, and A. bisporus var. eurotetrasporus is described. This novel variety clearly differs from var. bisporus by its tetrasporic basidia and from var. burnettii by its longer spores. It has a complex story because it can interbreed with var. bisporus and shares the same habitat; however, because of its homothallic life cycle and its partial intersterility, it is probably in the process of speciation.
Les donnees sur les champignons mycorhiziens du cedre de l'Atlas sont rares. Une etude a ete ... more Les donnees sur les champignons mycorhiziens du cedre de l'Atlas sont rares. Une etude a ete realisee a la cedraie d'Ighil-Inguel, station de Tala-Guilef (massif du Djurdjura, Algerie). Une attention particuliere a ete accordee aux champignons mycorhiziens susceptibles de contracter une association avec le cedre au stade juvenile. Sur une centaine d'especes identifiees (appartenant a 48 genres), 71 especes appartenant a 29 genres sont connues comme ectomycorhiziennes la plupart font partie des familles des Cortinariaceae, Tricholomataceae et Russulaceae. Sur les 71 especes, 40 sont signalees pour la premiere fois en Algerie. Parmi les 193 especes mycorhiziennes differentes relevees en Algerie, au Maroc et en France, dans les differentes etudes realisees jusqu'ici, 23 especes trouvees au cours de notre etude sont signalees pour la premiere fois sous cedre. La flore mycorhizienne du cedre de l'Atlas semble correspondre principalement aux genres Cortinarius, Inocybe, Russula et Tricholoma. Les genres Hebeloma, Hygrophorus and Ramaria sont assez bien representes. (corresponding to 48 different genera), 71 species belonging to 29 genera are ectomycorrhizal. Most of them are members of the Cortinariaceae, Tricholomataceae and Russulaceae families. Out of the 71 species, 40 were observed for the first time in Algeria. Out of the 193 mycorrhizal species observed in Algeria, Morocco and France, in the different studies made so far, 23 were monitored for the first time in this study under cedar. The mycorrhizal flora of Cedrus atlantica appears to consist mainly of species belonging to genera Cortinarius, Inocybe, Russula and Tricholoma. The genera Hebeloma, Hygrophorus and Ramaria are also represented.
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