Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología, 2008
To evaluate, using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the prevalence of epiretinal membranes (ER... more To evaluate, using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the prevalence of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in patients referred for phacoemulsification, and the frequency of new ERM development in the first six months after surgery. Patients referred by general ophthalmologists for cataract surgery underwent a new, complete ophthalmological evaluation. OCT scanning was performed using the Macular Thickness Map acquisition protocol (StratusOCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec). This baseline examination was used to determine the prevalence of ERM in patients referred for cataract surgery. All patients underwent uneventful phacoemulsification. If an ERM was already present in one eye, the other eye was chosen for cataract surgery. If no ERM was present, the eye with the poorest visual acuity was operated. Operated eyes were followed-up for six months in order to study the influence of phacoemulsification on the development of ERM. Forty-five patients were prospectively evaluated. In the baseline visit, E...
To carry out an opinion survey on the quality of residency training in the specialty of anesthesi... more To carry out an opinion survey on the quality of residency training in the specialty of anesthesiology and postoperative recovery care. To propose improvements to be made based on the results. All training programs in the specialty of anesthesiology and postoperative recovery care within the Spanish National Public Health System were provided with an opinion questionnaire designed by the national professional association (Sociedad Espaiiola de Anestesia, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor). The aspects assessed were sense of welcome and integration; curriculum; training sessions; external rotations (outside the anesthesiology department); surgical anesthesia; emergency and on-call training; specific practical training objectives; research; other aspects; annual assessment and evaluation of the assigned supervisor and the educational committee; overall opinion of the education received; the structure of the anesthesiology department. Questionnaires were returned between May and Nove...
To determine the long-term results of botulinum therapy in acquired esotropia and to identify pre... more To determine the long-term results of botulinum therapy in acquired esotropia and to identify predictors of a satisfactory outcome. Sixty-eight children (age range, 8-64 months) with acquired esotropia were enrolled in a prospective study. Botulinum toxin A was injected in the two medial recti. Motor and sensory statuses were evaluated at 1 and 2 weeks; 3, 6, and 12 months; and every year after the last injection. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to relate motor and sensory outcome to variables recorded as potential predictors. After an average follow-up of 4.8 years since the last injection, motor success was obtained in 36 children with one injection (52.9%), increasing to 48 (70.6%) and 60 (88.2%) children after two and three injections, respectively. Forty-eight (70.6%) patients had at least peripheral fusion (category 1 binocularity) and 32 (47.1%) had stereoacuity of at least 400 seconds of arc (category 2 binocularity). Higher hypermetro...
ABSTRACT The vulnerability of beech forests of Central Europe to projected climate change conditi... more ABSTRACT The vulnerability of beech forests of Central Europe to projected climate change conditions is a current matter of debate and concern. In order to investigate the response of N cycling in a typical beech forest to projected climate change conditions, we transplanted small lysimeters with intact beech-soil systems from a slope with N-exposure (representing present day climate conditions) to a slope with S exposure (serving as a warmer and drier model climate for future conditions). Lysimeters transfers within the N exposure served as control. After an equilibration period of 1 year, three isotope labeling/harvest cycles were performed: (1) comparison between N and S slopes under ambient conditions; (2) comparison between N and S slopes after intensified drought at S exposure; (3) rewetting after the drought period. Homogenous triple isotope labeling (15N/13C glutamine, 15NH4+, 15NO3-) in combination with 15N tracing and -pool dilution approaches as well as molecular analyses of nitrogen cycling genes and mycorrhiza morphotyping allowed to simultaneously quantify all N turnover processes in the intact beech-soil-microbe system. Nitrate was the major N source of beech seedlings with little importance of ammonium and no importance of glutamine. Experimental simulation of climate change resulted in significantly reduced gene copies of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in soil (AOB), a dramatic attenuation of microbial gross nitrate production from 252±83 mg N m-2 day-1 for the control treatment to 49±29 mg N m-2 day-1 for the climate change treatment and associated strong declines in soil nitrate concentrations as well as nitrate uptake by microorganisms and beech, which could not be compensated by uptake of ammonium or glutamine. Therefore, N content of beech seedlings was strongly reduced in the climate change treatment. Hence our data provide a microbial mechanism to explain nutritional limitations of beech under higher temperatures and drought and raise questions about the sustainability of such forests under projected climate change conditions.
Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología, 2008
To evaluate, using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the prevalence of epiretinal membranes (ER... more To evaluate, using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the prevalence of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in patients referred for phacoemulsification, and the frequency of new ERM development in the first six months after surgery. Patients referred by general ophthalmologists for cataract surgery underwent a new, complete ophthalmological evaluation. OCT scanning was performed using the Macular Thickness Map acquisition protocol (StratusOCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec). This baseline examination was used to determine the prevalence of ERM in patients referred for cataract surgery. All patients underwent uneventful phacoemulsification. If an ERM was already present in one eye, the other eye was chosen for cataract surgery. If no ERM was present, the eye with the poorest visual acuity was operated. Operated eyes were followed-up for six months in order to study the influence of phacoemulsification on the development of ERM. Forty-five patients were prospectively evaluated. In the baseline visit, E...
To carry out an opinion survey on the quality of residency training in the specialty of anesthesi... more To carry out an opinion survey on the quality of residency training in the specialty of anesthesiology and postoperative recovery care. To propose improvements to be made based on the results. All training programs in the specialty of anesthesiology and postoperative recovery care within the Spanish National Public Health System were provided with an opinion questionnaire designed by the national professional association (Sociedad Espaiiola de Anestesia, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor). The aspects assessed were sense of welcome and integration; curriculum; training sessions; external rotations (outside the anesthesiology department); surgical anesthesia; emergency and on-call training; specific practical training objectives; research; other aspects; annual assessment and evaluation of the assigned supervisor and the educational committee; overall opinion of the education received; the structure of the anesthesiology department. Questionnaires were returned between May and Nove...
To determine the long-term results of botulinum therapy in acquired esotropia and to identify pre... more To determine the long-term results of botulinum therapy in acquired esotropia and to identify predictors of a satisfactory outcome. Sixty-eight children (age range, 8-64 months) with acquired esotropia were enrolled in a prospective study. Botulinum toxin A was injected in the two medial recti. Motor and sensory statuses were evaluated at 1 and 2 weeks; 3, 6, and 12 months; and every year after the last injection. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to relate motor and sensory outcome to variables recorded as potential predictors. After an average follow-up of 4.8 years since the last injection, motor success was obtained in 36 children with one injection (52.9%), increasing to 48 (70.6%) and 60 (88.2%) children after two and three injections, respectively. Forty-eight (70.6%) patients had at least peripheral fusion (category 1 binocularity) and 32 (47.1%) had stereoacuity of at least 400 seconds of arc (category 2 binocularity). Higher hypermetro...
ABSTRACT The vulnerability of beech forests of Central Europe to projected climate change conditi... more ABSTRACT The vulnerability of beech forests of Central Europe to projected climate change conditions is a current matter of debate and concern. In order to investigate the response of N cycling in a typical beech forest to projected climate change conditions, we transplanted small lysimeters with intact beech-soil systems from a slope with N-exposure (representing present day climate conditions) to a slope with S exposure (serving as a warmer and drier model climate for future conditions). Lysimeters transfers within the N exposure served as control. After an equilibration period of 1 year, three isotope labeling/harvest cycles were performed: (1) comparison between N and S slopes under ambient conditions; (2) comparison between N and S slopes after intensified drought at S exposure; (3) rewetting after the drought period. Homogenous triple isotope labeling (15N/13C glutamine, 15NH4+, 15NO3-) in combination with 15N tracing and -pool dilution approaches as well as molecular analyses of nitrogen cycling genes and mycorrhiza morphotyping allowed to simultaneously quantify all N turnover processes in the intact beech-soil-microbe system. Nitrate was the major N source of beech seedlings with little importance of ammonium and no importance of glutamine. Experimental simulation of climate change resulted in significantly reduced gene copies of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in soil (AOB), a dramatic attenuation of microbial gross nitrate production from 252±83 mg N m-2 day-1 for the control treatment to 49±29 mg N m-2 day-1 for the climate change treatment and associated strong declines in soil nitrate concentrations as well as nitrate uptake by microorganisms and beech, which could not be compensated by uptake of ammonium or glutamine. Therefore, N content of beech seedlings was strongly reduced in the climate change treatment. Hence our data provide a microbial mechanism to explain nutritional limitations of beech under higher temperatures and drought and raise questions about the sustainability of such forests under projected climate change conditions.
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