Pertussis toxin is produced by the causative agent of whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis, and i... more Pertussis toxin is produced by the causative agent of whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis, and is an adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase capable of covalently modifying and thereby inactivating many eukaryotic G proteins involved in cellular metabolism. The toxin is a principal determinant of virulence in whooping cough and is a primary candidate for an acellular pertussis vaccine, yet it is unclear whether the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is required for both pathogenic and immunoprotective activities. A B. pertussis strain that produced an assembled pertussis holotoxin with only 1 percent of the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of the native toxin was constructed and was found to be deficient in pathogenic activities associated with B. pertussis including induction of leukocytosis, potentiation of anaphylaxis, and stimulation of histamine sensitivity. Moreover, this mutant strain failed to function as an adjuvant and was less effective in protecting mice from intracerebral challenge infection. These data suggest that the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is necessary for both pathogenicity and optimum immunoprotection. These findings bear directly on the design of a nontoxic pertussis vaccine.
This forum will present a new approach to ensure the creation of knowledge of occupation that is ... more This forum will present a new approach to ensure the creation of knowledge of occupation that is relevant to the everyday practitioner. We will present a successful, developing model called practice-scholars, for both novice and expert practitioners, who embed research in everyday practice habits. Our evolving efforts are directed towards developing a new cadre of practitioners, called practice-scholars, who habitually engage in practice-relevant studies which focus on occupation as a central measure of their intervention outcomes. However, this approach is challenged by the available clinical evaluation tools relevant for studying occupation coupled with the time and resources practitioners have for practicescholar activities. This forum will overview our collected experiences with the practice-scholar approach, inviting others to join and critique this approach.
Pertussis toxin is produced by the causative agent of whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis, and i... more Pertussis toxin is produced by the causative agent of whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis, and is an adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase capable of covalently modifying and thereby inactivating many eukaryotic G proteins involved in cellular metabolism. The toxin is a principal determinant of virulence in whooping cough and is a primary candidate for an acellular pertussis vaccine, yet it is unclear whether the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is required for both pathogenic and immunoprotective activities. A B. pertussis strain that produced an assembled pertussis holotoxin with only 1 percent of the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of the native toxin was constructed and was found to be deficient in pathogenic activities associated with B. pertussis including induction of leukocytosis, potentiation of anaphylaxis, and stimulation of histamine sensitivity. Moreover, this mutant strain failed to function as an adjuvant and was less effective in protecting mice from intracerebral challenge infection. These data suggest that the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is necessary for both pathogenicity and optimum immunoprotection. These findings bear directly on the design of a nontoxic pertussis vaccine.
This forum will present a new approach to ensure the creation of knowledge of occupation that is ... more This forum will present a new approach to ensure the creation of knowledge of occupation that is relevant to the everyday practitioner. We will present a successful, developing model called practice-scholars, for both novice and expert practitioners, who embed research in everyday practice habits. Our evolving efforts are directed towards developing a new cadre of practitioners, called practice-scholars, who habitually engage in practice-relevant studies which focus on occupation as a central measure of their intervention outcomes. However, this approach is challenged by the available clinical evaluation tools relevant for studying occupation coupled with the time and resources practitioners have for practicescholar activities. This forum will overview our collected experiences with the practice-scholar approach, inviting others to join and critique this approach.
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