The health-promoting settings approach is well established in health promotion, with organisation... more The health-promoting settings approach is well established in health promotion, with organisational settings being understood as complex systems able to support human wellbeing and flourishing. Despite the reach and evident importance of higher education as a sector, ‘healthy universities’ has not received high-level international leadership comparable to many other settings programmes. This study explores how the concept of a healthy university is operationalised in two case study universities. Data collection methods included documentary analysis, observation field notes and semi-structured interviews with staff and students. Staff and students understood the characteristics of a healthy university to pertain to management processes relating to communication and to a respectful organisational ethos. Enhancers of health and wellbeing were feeling valued, being listened to, having skilled and supportive line managers and having a positive physical environment. Inhibitors of health a...
This paper provides an overview of the literature on the current refugee crisis in Europe, which ... more This paper provides an overview of the literature on the current refugee crisis in Europe, which primarily focuses on the situation of refugees that are children. Due to its magnitude, the world is currently facing one of the biggest humanitarian crises it has ever witnessed. Millions of people and young children have fled their home countries and became refugees The horror of wars and conflicts has affected all of the refugees while undoubtedly, it has had a more profound and significant impact on the children refugees. The rights of these refugee children are paramount, and one of these rights is that they are provided with safety and resources that will help them cope with the crisis while also ensuring they are provided a chance to a brighter future. The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. The European Union and the whole world have a direct responsibility to provide basic necessities such as food, shelter, education, health which can help and alleviate the mental and emotional suffering which the refugee children face. My research will focus on three important aspects of the child refugee's crisis in Europe The general conditions of the children refugees, the conditions of camps especially in Italy, Greece, and Spain, and how the crisis has affected their daily lives and mental health. In the end, my conclusion will focus on the question of, what are the policies which Europe has to change which are designed to help and lead the refugee children which to a better future. The aim of this paper to have a better understanding of children refugees in Europe and to raise global awareness about their conditions and the humanitarian crisis at hand. Research will consist of information from academic articles, published books, various websites, data from previous studies, and resources.
Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID, Jan 26, 2016
Although acknowledging the stress of raising their child with intellectual disabilities, parents ... more Although acknowledging the stress of raising their child with intellectual disabilities, parents also report that their child has brought about many positive changes in themselves and family. This study reports what parents perceive to be a positive aspect of parenting their child, as currently what constitutes a 'positive' is unclear. Seven key themes were identified; an increased sense of personal strength and confidence, changed priorities, greater appreciation of life, pleasure in the child's accomplishments, increased faith/spirituality, more meaningful relationships and the positive effect that the child has on the wider community. Interpretive examination of the themes reveals that the positive aspects identified consist mostly of meaning-focused coping strategies. These enable parents to adapt successfully to the stressful experiences of raising their child and therefore could be amenable to meaning-focused therapeutic interventions for parents with newly diagnos...
Tienda online donde Comprar Vital Notes for Nurses: Promoting Health al precio 28,08 € de Jane Wi... more Tienda online donde Comprar Vital Notes for Nurses: Promoting Health al precio 28,08 € de Jane Wills, tienda de Libros de Medicina, Libros de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria/General - Medicina clinica
The settings approach appreciates that health determinants operate in settings of everyday life. ... more The settings approach appreciates that health determinants operate in settings of everyday life. Whilst subject to conceptual development, we argue that the approach lacks a clear and coherent theoretical framework to steer policy, practice and research. To identify what theories and conceptual models have been used in relation to the implementation and evaluation of Healthy Universities. A scoping literature review was undertaken between 2010 and 2013, identifying 26 papers that met inclusion criteria. Seven theoretical perspectives or conceptual frameworks were identified: the Ottawa Charter; a socio-ecological approach (which implicitly drew on sociological theories concerning structure and agency); salutogenesis; systems thinking; whole system change; organizational development; and a framework proposed by Dooris. These were used to address interrelated questions on the nature of a setting, how health is created in a setting, why the settings approach is a useful means of promot...
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide with more than 70% of all cancer deaths occurring in... more Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide with more than 70% of all cancer deaths occurring in low-and middle-income countries (wHo http://www.who.int/cancer/ en/ accessed 16 Nov 2010). in 2005, the 58 th world Health Assembly were alarmed by the rising trends of cancer risk factors, the number of new cancer cases, and cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. its resolution on cancer prevention and control, adopted in 2005, called upon Member states to intensify action against cancer by developing and reinforcing cancer control programmes (wHo http://www.who.int/cancer/ eb1143/en/index.html accessed 16 Nov 2010). Recently, cancer control has crept up the political agenda. This book provides an overview of cancer control. it covers prevention, early diagnosis, optimal treatment, and supportive and palliative care. it focuses mainly on viewpoints on key areas from a developed country perspective but includes worldwide viewpoints. The first chapter, ' Cancer control and the burden of cancer', written by the editors, sets the scene well, and genuinely attempts to inform the reader, demystify terms and explain data, highlighting potential pitfalls that may occur in its understanding. This informative and valuable approach is of particular help to those developing a familiarity with aspects of the literature and the subject. it is an approach that is not unique to this chapter, and is done well, interestingly, and with relevance within this book. The easy to read style will appeal to many. The book succeeds in its attempts to provide interesting, relevant and topical viewpoints. The chapter on 'The impact of immunization on cancer control: the example of HPv vaccination', is topical, and answers expected questions, such
The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 2007
Aims: Health promotion is a young discipline and area of practice that has struggled to establish... more Aims: Health promotion is a young discipline and area of practice that has struggled to establish a discrete identity but which is becoming consolidated as a specialist field of practice through the establishment of occupational standards, a voluntary register (UKVR) and a multidisciplinary public health career framework. This study sought to explore current health promotion managers' career pathways into health promotionand their perceptions of their career future within a public health workforce.Methods: This exploratory study used semi-structured interviews, a stimulus vignette and a standardized questionnaire to explore the career pathways and motivations of specialist health promotion managers at this time of considerable change in the professional project of public health and health promotion in the United Kingdom.Results: Specialist health promotion managers express a lack of role clarity and loss of control over the developments of their profession. This is compounded by...
Public health in the UK has undergone major changes since 1997. One of the main debates has focus... more Public health in the UK has undergone major changes since 1997. One of the main debates has focused on the function and delivery of the broad task of health improvement. This is no longer the province of doctors alone but of a new cadre of professionals now termed the ...
War and public health Public health specialists and activists frequently struggle to maintain a b... more War and public health Public health specialists and activists frequently struggle to maintain a broad perspective in achieving their mission, to think globally even if they act locally, as the saying goes. Yet, the fields of international policy often appear to be beyond the remit of public health action, especially when it means involvement in establishing international human rights, or challenging international trade, or even wars. Critical Public Health has addressed such changing global processes as the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the increasing rates of refugees and migrants, and the issue of access to medicines in the developing world but rarely the public health topics of war directly. War has been a relative latecomer to an expanding public health horizon, although we can no longer ignore its relevance to public health. The roots of its neglect as a public health issue arise from the fact that at the beginning of the twentieth century only 14% of the victims of violent conflicts were civilians (Garfield & Neugut, 1997). International attempts to address the health consequences of war thus focused on the military. Military medicine was commonly equated with treating the wounded and often ignored the far greater contribution of disease to the mortality and morbidity of soldiers. The 1864 Geneva Convention in its establishment of neutrality on the battlefield and ocean thus merely enabled the easier evacuation of the wounded and sick and other international organizational judicial developments did not aim to protect or consider the general population. It was not until the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals addressed the atrocities of the Second World War that the fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 recognized and defined protection of civilians, following the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which appeared a year earlier. Significantly, around the same time, the newly established World Health Organization reproduced a 'war-blindness' by excluding war damage from medical and public health responsibility. The nuclear threat initiated some of the first concerns about war as a public health issue with the establishment of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW). Actual conflicts and their effects on civilians in Africa and Asia led also to the establishment of Médicins sans Frontières and Médecins du Monde, which developed as global movements. In this issue, Mike Rowson from Medact in the UK comments on the health crisis in Iraq. Medact was formed by a merger of two older organizations in 1992.
Background: Interest in and debates around health literacy have grown over the last two decades a... more Background: Interest in and debates around health literacy have grown over the last two decades and key to the discussions has been the distinction made between basic functional health literacy, communicative/interactive health literacy and critical health literacy. Of these, critical health literacy is the least well developed and differing interpretations of its constituents and relevance exist. The aim of this study is to rigorously analyse the concept of critical health literacy in order to offer some clarity of definition upon which appropriate theory, well grounded practice and potential measurement tools can be based. Method: The study uses a theoretical and colloquial evolutionary concept analysis method to systematically identify the features associated with this concept. A unique characteristic of this method is that it practically combines an analysis of the literature with in depth interviews undertaken with practitioners and policy makers who have an interest in the field. The study also analyses how the concept is understood across the contexts of time, place, discipline and use by health professionals, policy makers and academics. Results: Findings revealed a distinct set of characteristics of advanced personal skills, health knowledge, information skills, effective interaction between service providers and users, informed decision making and empowerment including political action as key features of critical health literacy. The potential consequences of critical health literacy identified are in improving health outcomes, creating more effective use of health services and reducing inequalities in health thus demonstrating the relevance of this concept to public health and health promotion. Conclusions: While critical health literacy is shown to be a unique concept, there remain significant contextual variations in understanding particularly between academics, practitioners and policy makers. Key attributes presented as part of this concept when it was first introduced in the literature, particularly those around empowerment, social and political action and the existence of the concept at both an individual and population level, have been lost in more recent representations. This has resulted in critical health literacy becoming restricted to a higher order cognitive individual skill rather than a driver for political and social change. The paper argues that in order to retain the uniqueness and usefulness of the concept in practice efforts should be made to avoid this dilution of meaning.
The health-promoting settings approach is well established in health promotion, with organisation... more The health-promoting settings approach is well established in health promotion, with organisational settings being understood as complex systems able to support human wellbeing and flourishing. Despite the reach and evident importance of higher education as a sector, ‘healthy universities’ has not received high-level international leadership comparable to many other settings programmes. This study explores how the concept of a healthy university is operationalised in two case study universities. Data collection methods included documentary analysis, observation field notes and semi-structured interviews with staff and students. Staff and students understood the characteristics of a healthy university to pertain to management processes relating to communication and to a respectful organisational ethos. Enhancers of health and wellbeing were feeling valued, being listened to, having skilled and supportive line managers and having a positive physical environment. Inhibitors of health a...
This paper provides an overview of the literature on the current refugee crisis in Europe, which ... more This paper provides an overview of the literature on the current refugee crisis in Europe, which primarily focuses on the situation of refugees that are children. Due to its magnitude, the world is currently facing one of the biggest humanitarian crises it has ever witnessed. Millions of people and young children have fled their home countries and became refugees The horror of wars and conflicts has affected all of the refugees while undoubtedly, it has had a more profound and significant impact on the children refugees. The rights of these refugee children are paramount, and one of these rights is that they are provided with safety and resources that will help them cope with the crisis while also ensuring they are provided a chance to a brighter future. The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. The European Union and the whole world have a direct responsibility to provide basic necessities such as food, shelter, education, health which can help and alleviate the mental and emotional suffering which the refugee children face. My research will focus on three important aspects of the child refugee's crisis in Europe The general conditions of the children refugees, the conditions of camps especially in Italy, Greece, and Spain, and how the crisis has affected their daily lives and mental health. In the end, my conclusion will focus on the question of, what are the policies which Europe has to change which are designed to help and lead the refugee children which to a better future. The aim of this paper to have a better understanding of children refugees in Europe and to raise global awareness about their conditions and the humanitarian crisis at hand. Research will consist of information from academic articles, published books, various websites, data from previous studies, and resources.
Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID, Jan 26, 2016
Although acknowledging the stress of raising their child with intellectual disabilities, parents ... more Although acknowledging the stress of raising their child with intellectual disabilities, parents also report that their child has brought about many positive changes in themselves and family. This study reports what parents perceive to be a positive aspect of parenting their child, as currently what constitutes a 'positive' is unclear. Seven key themes were identified; an increased sense of personal strength and confidence, changed priorities, greater appreciation of life, pleasure in the child's accomplishments, increased faith/spirituality, more meaningful relationships and the positive effect that the child has on the wider community. Interpretive examination of the themes reveals that the positive aspects identified consist mostly of meaning-focused coping strategies. These enable parents to adapt successfully to the stressful experiences of raising their child and therefore could be amenable to meaning-focused therapeutic interventions for parents with newly diagnos...
Tienda online donde Comprar Vital Notes for Nurses: Promoting Health al precio 28,08 € de Jane Wi... more Tienda online donde Comprar Vital Notes for Nurses: Promoting Health al precio 28,08 € de Jane Wills, tienda de Libros de Medicina, Libros de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria/General - Medicina clinica
The settings approach appreciates that health determinants operate in settings of everyday life. ... more The settings approach appreciates that health determinants operate in settings of everyday life. Whilst subject to conceptual development, we argue that the approach lacks a clear and coherent theoretical framework to steer policy, practice and research. To identify what theories and conceptual models have been used in relation to the implementation and evaluation of Healthy Universities. A scoping literature review was undertaken between 2010 and 2013, identifying 26 papers that met inclusion criteria. Seven theoretical perspectives or conceptual frameworks were identified: the Ottawa Charter; a socio-ecological approach (which implicitly drew on sociological theories concerning structure and agency); salutogenesis; systems thinking; whole system change; organizational development; and a framework proposed by Dooris. These were used to address interrelated questions on the nature of a setting, how health is created in a setting, why the settings approach is a useful means of promot...
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide with more than 70% of all cancer deaths occurring in... more Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide with more than 70% of all cancer deaths occurring in low-and middle-income countries (wHo http://www.who.int/cancer/ en/ accessed 16 Nov 2010). in 2005, the 58 th world Health Assembly were alarmed by the rising trends of cancer risk factors, the number of new cancer cases, and cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. its resolution on cancer prevention and control, adopted in 2005, called upon Member states to intensify action against cancer by developing and reinforcing cancer control programmes (wHo http://www.who.int/cancer/ eb1143/en/index.html accessed 16 Nov 2010). Recently, cancer control has crept up the political agenda. This book provides an overview of cancer control. it covers prevention, early diagnosis, optimal treatment, and supportive and palliative care. it focuses mainly on viewpoints on key areas from a developed country perspective but includes worldwide viewpoints. The first chapter, ' Cancer control and the burden of cancer', written by the editors, sets the scene well, and genuinely attempts to inform the reader, demystify terms and explain data, highlighting potential pitfalls that may occur in its understanding. This informative and valuable approach is of particular help to those developing a familiarity with aspects of the literature and the subject. it is an approach that is not unique to this chapter, and is done well, interestingly, and with relevance within this book. The easy to read style will appeal to many. The book succeeds in its attempts to provide interesting, relevant and topical viewpoints. The chapter on 'The impact of immunization on cancer control: the example of HPv vaccination', is topical, and answers expected questions, such
The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 2007
Aims: Health promotion is a young discipline and area of practice that has struggled to establish... more Aims: Health promotion is a young discipline and area of practice that has struggled to establish a discrete identity but which is becoming consolidated as a specialist field of practice through the establishment of occupational standards, a voluntary register (UKVR) and a multidisciplinary public health career framework. This study sought to explore current health promotion managers' career pathways into health promotionand their perceptions of their career future within a public health workforce.Methods: This exploratory study used semi-structured interviews, a stimulus vignette and a standardized questionnaire to explore the career pathways and motivations of specialist health promotion managers at this time of considerable change in the professional project of public health and health promotion in the United Kingdom.Results: Specialist health promotion managers express a lack of role clarity and loss of control over the developments of their profession. This is compounded by...
Public health in the UK has undergone major changes since 1997. One of the main debates has focus... more Public health in the UK has undergone major changes since 1997. One of the main debates has focused on the function and delivery of the broad task of health improvement. This is no longer the province of doctors alone but of a new cadre of professionals now termed the ...
War and public health Public health specialists and activists frequently struggle to maintain a b... more War and public health Public health specialists and activists frequently struggle to maintain a broad perspective in achieving their mission, to think globally even if they act locally, as the saying goes. Yet, the fields of international policy often appear to be beyond the remit of public health action, especially when it means involvement in establishing international human rights, or challenging international trade, or even wars. Critical Public Health has addressed such changing global processes as the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the increasing rates of refugees and migrants, and the issue of access to medicines in the developing world but rarely the public health topics of war directly. War has been a relative latecomer to an expanding public health horizon, although we can no longer ignore its relevance to public health. The roots of its neglect as a public health issue arise from the fact that at the beginning of the twentieth century only 14% of the victims of violent conflicts were civilians (Garfield & Neugut, 1997). International attempts to address the health consequences of war thus focused on the military. Military medicine was commonly equated with treating the wounded and often ignored the far greater contribution of disease to the mortality and morbidity of soldiers. The 1864 Geneva Convention in its establishment of neutrality on the battlefield and ocean thus merely enabled the easier evacuation of the wounded and sick and other international organizational judicial developments did not aim to protect or consider the general population. It was not until the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals addressed the atrocities of the Second World War that the fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 recognized and defined protection of civilians, following the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which appeared a year earlier. Significantly, around the same time, the newly established World Health Organization reproduced a 'war-blindness' by excluding war damage from medical and public health responsibility. The nuclear threat initiated some of the first concerns about war as a public health issue with the establishment of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW). Actual conflicts and their effects on civilians in Africa and Asia led also to the establishment of Médicins sans Frontières and Médecins du Monde, which developed as global movements. In this issue, Mike Rowson from Medact in the UK comments on the health crisis in Iraq. Medact was formed by a merger of two older organizations in 1992.
Background: Interest in and debates around health literacy have grown over the last two decades a... more Background: Interest in and debates around health literacy have grown over the last two decades and key to the discussions has been the distinction made between basic functional health literacy, communicative/interactive health literacy and critical health literacy. Of these, critical health literacy is the least well developed and differing interpretations of its constituents and relevance exist. The aim of this study is to rigorously analyse the concept of critical health literacy in order to offer some clarity of definition upon which appropriate theory, well grounded practice and potential measurement tools can be based. Method: The study uses a theoretical and colloquial evolutionary concept analysis method to systematically identify the features associated with this concept. A unique characteristic of this method is that it practically combines an analysis of the literature with in depth interviews undertaken with practitioners and policy makers who have an interest in the field. The study also analyses how the concept is understood across the contexts of time, place, discipline and use by health professionals, policy makers and academics. Results: Findings revealed a distinct set of characteristics of advanced personal skills, health knowledge, information skills, effective interaction between service providers and users, informed decision making and empowerment including political action as key features of critical health literacy. The potential consequences of critical health literacy identified are in improving health outcomes, creating more effective use of health services and reducing inequalities in health thus demonstrating the relevance of this concept to public health and health promotion. Conclusions: While critical health literacy is shown to be a unique concept, there remain significant contextual variations in understanding particularly between academics, practitioners and policy makers. Key attributes presented as part of this concept when it was first introduced in the literature, particularly those around empowerment, social and political action and the existence of the concept at both an individual and population level, have been lost in more recent representations. This has resulted in critical health literacy becoming restricted to a higher order cognitive individual skill rather than a driver for political and social change. The paper argues that in order to retain the uniqueness and usefulness of the concept in practice efforts should be made to avoid this dilution of meaning.
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