The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Ni, Co, Pb, Cd and Hg in the muscle, hepatop... more The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Ni, Co, Pb, Cd and Hg in the muscle, hepatopankreas, kidney and gonads of European chub (Squalius cephalus) from the middle course of the Nitra River, during spring and autumn seasons by AAS method. The concentrations of metals (mg.kg-1 wet weight) in the muscle ranged as follows: Ni 0.15-1.18, Co 0.09-0.58, Pb 0.39-1.66, Cd 0.04-0.29, Hg 0.85-2.71. Statistically significant differences among individual tissues, as well as between seasons have been recorded. Higher metals concentrations were detected in inner organs than in muscle. Permissible limits for safe consumption in the case of Pb, Cd and Hg have been exceeded in 100%, 95% and 100%, respectively. Currently, for the Co and Ni are not set any permissible limits.
This study to assess the environmental pollution status in streams (Loutecky, Spicak, Olsina, Tre... more This study to assess the environmental pollution status in streams (Loutecky, Spicak, Olsina, Trebovicky, Polecnicky and Luzny) from the Boletice area. Were determined of some metal (Hg, Pb, Cd) concentrations in the muscle and correlations among selected metals as well as standard length and total weight in brown trouth - Salmo trutta morpha fario. The contents of the analyzed metals in muscles were Hg 0.19-0.72, Pb 0.01-0.6 and Cd 0.020-0.083 mg/kg wet weight basis and these concentrations did not exceed the limits admissible in the Czech Republic. The Czech republic permissible limit for Hg (0.5 mg/kg to omnivors, 1 mg/kg to predators), Pb (0.3 mg/kg) and Cd (0.05 mg/kg) defined in the Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption exceeded in 6%, 3%, and 0% of analyzed samples for Hg, Pb and Cd respectively. On an average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: Hg>Pb>Cd.
The aim of this study was to estimate the growth rate of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) from... more The aim of this study was to estimate the growth rate of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) from Turček water reservoir, which is the youngest water work built in the Slovakia. Totally 65 specimens were analyzed, in the age of 0+ to 8+. Back calculated standard lengths (l) and weights (w) were made from regression equations log l = 1.609530 + 0.336527 * log w, and log w = -4.782762 + 2.971527 * log l. Correlation coefficient achieved the value of 0.992 ± 0.016 and mean condition coefficient for all analyzed population achieved the value of 1.263. Mean absolute length increments in individual years are equable, but in the comparison with other sites very low. From this aspect probably do not forms the lake form (Salmo trutta m. lacustris), however the predisposition in older specimens exists (> 500 mm standard length).
Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences
Fish meat is a perfect foodstuff which is up to standard of rational nourishment. It is source of... more Fish meat is a perfect foodstuff which is up to standard of rational nourishment. It is source of healthy and good digestible material rich on proteins, minerals and vitamins. Fish muscles especially back and lateral muscles are the most important parts of fish organism consumed for escellent chemical composition. Proteins in fish meat are rich on high aminoacids content. The content of fish fat is usually low with the high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. Also minerals and B, A and D vitamins are very important components of this foodstuff. According to rational nourishment the fish meat should be consumed minimal 2 times weekly. Our research was focused on analysis of bottomn sediments in water reservoir Kolinany from the aspect of Cd, Hg and Pb contents, the determination of observed heavy metal contents in different parts of carp body and the evaluation of hygienic status and suitability of fish meat for the human consumption. Our results have confirmed the hygienic wholes...
The aim of this study was to determine the age and length-weight relations of pumpkinseed (Lepomi... more The aim of this study was to determine the age and length-weight relations of pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) population collected from Váh River arms near the Šaľa town. Totally 11 specimens were analyzed, in the age of I+ to V+. Back-calculated standard lengths (l) and weights (w) were calculated from regression equations log w = -4.405701 + 3.005157*log l and log l = 1.466047 + 0.332761*log w (r=0.997, P<0.05). Fulton´s condition coeficient for all population achieved the value of 4.02. Back-calculated length-weight growth for individual years was equable, except the last year, which may be caused by small sample size. In comparison with other sites, the pumpkinseed population´s growth is very slow, due to environmental conditions, mainly water temperature and velocity.
Ten fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Barbus... more Ten fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Barbus peloponnesius, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Rutilus rutilus, Barbatula barbatula, Salmo trutta m. fario, and Lota lota) belonging to 4 family (Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Salmonidae, Gadidae) were fished out in the Stará rieka brook. Ichthyological screening was performed at 4 localities in July, 2003. Selected localities represent natural as well as altered flows. At the particular localities the accompanying and indirect fish species were as a dominant (in individual as well as mass dominance). Abundance in term of pcs.ha –1 reached at particular localities values from 2667 to 21925. Biomass in term of kg.ha –1 reached the values from 16.1 to 341.3. High values of diversity index (2.25) and equitability (0.88) were determined in the altered flow, with six fish species.
In this study the heavy metal (Co, ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) content in muscle, liver and kidney of totally... more In this study the heavy metal (Co, ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) content in muscle, liver and kidney of totally 53 fish individuals, belonging to eight species (chub Leuciscus cephalus, common carp Cyprinus carpio, Prussian carp Carassius gibelio, common bream Abramis brama, sneep Chondrostoma nasus, european perch Perca fluviatilis, zander Sander lucioperca and Wels catfish Silurus glanis) was determined. the samples were collected from the river nitra at 53th–54th r.km (in the city district nitra–Krškany) in september 2003. samples of fish muscle, liver and kidney were obtained at weight 2–3 g (in the case of european perch three samples of kidney were merged together, due to a small quantity of tissue). Heavy metal contents in the fish tissues were analysed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (aas) using nitrid acid HnO 3 (results are presented in milligram per kilogram wet weight basis). For statisti-cal analysis, the anova one-way test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Kolmogorov–smirnov two-sa...
Total eleven fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscu... more Total eleven fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Barbus peloponnesius, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Rutilus rutilus, Barbatula barbatula, Salmo trutta m. fario, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salvelinus fontinalis, and Perca fluviatilis) belonging to 4 family (Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Salmonidae, Percidae) were fished out in the Jasenica stream. Ichthyological screening was performed at 6 localities in June, 2003. Abundance in term of pcs.ha -1 reached at particular localities values from 1425 to 14935, and ichthyomass in term of kg.ha -1 reached the values from 36.6 to 506.4. The Jasenica stream is a salmonid stream and brown trout is presented only in the upper part, with abundance of 3424–4842 pcs.ha -1 and ichthyomass of 131.9 – 249.9 kg.ha -1 . From mid-flow his abundance decrease at 158–993 pcs.ha -1 with ichthyomass of 13.8–82.6 kg.ha -1 due to presence of chub (Leuciscus cephalus), which is fished out in the small scale.
The proposal for restoration the branches of lower Váh River, which are located in the inundation... more The proposal for restoration the branches of lower Váh River, which are located in the inundation area was developed on the basis of topographic survey, ichthyological survey and the analysis of land potential. The article presents a proposal for the branch in the city of Šaľa. The ichthyological survey shows that the branch system of regulated rivers rapidly ages and thus it does not create acceptable conditions for the ichthyofauna. From the modeling of the quality of aquatic habitat by the IFIM methodology, it follows that morphological changes, particularly deepening of the channel, will create optimal conditions for the ichthyofauna. The article also presents a proposal for recreational use of the restored channel.
This study presents a rate of bioaccumulation of some metal concentrations in the muscle of five ... more This study presents a rate of bioaccumulation of some metal concentrations in the muscle of five common cyprinid fish species (gudgeon - Gobio gobio, Europen chub - Leuciscus cephalus, barbel - Barbus barbus, roach - Rutilus rutilus, and nase - Chondrostoma nasus). Besides, correlations among selected metals as well as standard length and total weight and order of metal accumulation in the fish muscle were determined. Recorded metal concentrations (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 4.23-22.95, Mn 0.10-0.72, Zn 16.26-166.90, Cu 15.39-25.97, Ni 0.00-3.72, Pb 0.00-1.81, and Cd 0.00-0.11. The Slovak permissible limit for Cu (10.0 mg/kg), Ni (0.5 mg/kg), Pb (0.2 mg/kg) and Cd (0.05 mg/kg) defined in the Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption exceeded in 100%, 12%, 6% and 10% of analyzed samples for Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd respectively. On an average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: Zn>Cu>Fe>Mn>Ni>Pb>Cd.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of differentiated nutrition on the sac-fry growth ... more The aim of this study was to assess the effect of differentiated nutrition on the sac-fry growth intensity of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario). In this experiment, two dry feed mixtures with different feeding program were used. Sac-fry rearing was realized in throughs with volume of 700 l during 113 days. During the rearing period, the feed mixture was fed ad libitum. The first tested group of fish (group A) was fed by mixture with different nutrient composition (crude proteins 56 % and 50 %, fat 12 % and 20 %) for individual rearing stages. The second tested group of fish (group B) was fed by mixtures with constant nutrient composition (crude proteins 57 %, fat 15 %) for the whole rearing period. It was found that the group A had better results for estimated growth parameters (Lt = 48.37 ± 2.41 mm; w = 1.32 ±0.30 g; CF = 0.84; SLGR = 0.63 %.d-1; SWGR = 2.12-1) in comparison to the group B (Lt = 42.90 ± 2.23 mm; w = 1.20 ±0.32 g; CF = 0.83; SLGR = 0.52 %.d-1; SWGR = 2.04 %.d-1). ...
The increasing numbers of otters (Lutralutra L.), which are protected by the CzechAct of Nature a... more The increasing numbers of otters (Lutralutra L.), which are protected by the CzechAct of Nature and Landscape Protection, arecausing serious problems for fishpondmanagement. The diet of otters on pond farmsconsists predominantly (80%) of common carp,Cyprinus carpio, and to a lesser extentother pond fish species (perch, Percafluviatilis, zander, Stizostedionlucioperca and grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella). The size of carpcaptured by otters ranged
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2005
The purpose of this study was to assess concentration of selected metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co,... more The purpose of this study was to assess concentration of selected metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the muscle of four common Slovak fish species (chub--Leuciscus cephalus, barbel--Barbus barbus, roach--Rutilus rutilus, and perch--Perca fluviatilis). Furthermore, correlations among the selected metals and order of metal accumulation in the fish muscle were determined. An electrofishing technique was used for collecting the fish from the Nitra River (Slovakia) in September 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.41-15.14; Mn 0.20-0.81; Zn 3.51-15.64; Cu 0.25-0.78; Ni 0.07-0.25; Co 0.05-0.19; Cr 0.11-0.42; Pb 0.20-5.81; Cd 0.06-0.56, and Hg 1.35-6.52. Significant correlations (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) between Fe-Cu, Fe-Ni, Fe-Cr, Mn-Ni, Mn-Cr, Mn-Cr, Cu-Ni, and Ni-Cr were observed. The level of lead exceeded the maximum allowable concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption (0.2 mg/kg) in the majority of samples (97.2%). Content of Cd (0.23 +/- 0.13 mg/kg wet weight) and Hg (2.85 +/- 1.22 mg/kg wet weight) in the fish muscle exceeded maximum allowed levels in all samples. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: Fe &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Zn &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Hg &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Pb &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Cu &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Mn &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Cd &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Cr &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Ni &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Co.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2006
The purpose of this study was to assess concentration and correlation of selected
heavy metals a... more The purpose of this study was to assess concentration and correlation of selected
heavy metals and level of some microbiological indicators (total bacteria count-TBC,
mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria-MASB) in the muscle of common carp
(Cyprinus carpio). Fish were collected by seine net within the frame of pondfishing,
in October (pond Horn´e Obdokovce—pond A) and December (pond Budmerice—pond
B) 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.47–15.15; Mn 0.14–0.42; Zn 3.47–9.52; Cu 0.24–1.32; Co 0.05–0.17; Ni 0.07–0.42; Cr 0.08–0.19; Pb 0.11–0.30; and Cd 0.01–0.05. The count of MASB and TCB (in CFU/g) varied as follow: 1.12–7.76 × 103 and 0.03–7.59 × 106, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for Cu, Ni, and Cr bioaccumulation, as well as for count of MASB between ponds were recorded. An opposite trend of bioaccumulation was found in only 12 of 36 cases. Positive correlations between counts of MASB and accumulated heavy metals, except Ni and negative correlations between TBC and accumulated heavy metals, except Cr, were recorded, (P < 0.05) for TBC–Mn and TBC–Cd relationship. Lead concentrations exceeded the maximum values allowed concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius (0.2 mg/kg) by 60% for pond-A and 40% for pond-B. The level of MASB count exceeded the maximum allowed concentration in 100% by both ponds. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: (Pond-A) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co > Cd; (Pond-B) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd.
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Ni, Co, Pb, Cd and Hg in the muscle, hepatop... more The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Ni, Co, Pb, Cd and Hg in the muscle, hepatopankreas, kidney and gonads of European chub (Squalius cephalus) from the middle course of the Nitra River, during spring and autumn seasons by AAS method. The concentrations of metals (mg.kg-1 wet weight) in the muscle ranged as follows: Ni 0.15-1.18, Co 0.09-0.58, Pb 0.39-1.66, Cd 0.04-0.29, Hg 0.85-2.71. Statistically significant differences among individual tissues, as well as between seasons have been recorded. Higher metals concentrations were detected in inner organs than in muscle. Permissible limits for safe consumption in the case of Pb, Cd and Hg have been exceeded in 100%, 95% and 100%, respectively. Currently, for the Co and Ni are not set any permissible limits.
This study to assess the environmental pollution status in streams (Loutecky, Spicak, Olsina, Tre... more This study to assess the environmental pollution status in streams (Loutecky, Spicak, Olsina, Trebovicky, Polecnicky and Luzny) from the Boletice area. Were determined of some metal (Hg, Pb, Cd) concentrations in the muscle and correlations among selected metals as well as standard length and total weight in brown trouth - Salmo trutta morpha fario. The contents of the analyzed metals in muscles were Hg 0.19-0.72, Pb 0.01-0.6 and Cd 0.020-0.083 mg/kg wet weight basis and these concentrations did not exceed the limits admissible in the Czech Republic. The Czech republic permissible limit for Hg (0.5 mg/kg to omnivors, 1 mg/kg to predators), Pb (0.3 mg/kg) and Cd (0.05 mg/kg) defined in the Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption exceeded in 6%, 3%, and 0% of analyzed samples for Hg, Pb and Cd respectively. On an average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: Hg>Pb>Cd.
The aim of this study was to estimate the growth rate of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) from... more The aim of this study was to estimate the growth rate of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) from Turček water reservoir, which is the youngest water work built in the Slovakia. Totally 65 specimens were analyzed, in the age of 0+ to 8+. Back calculated standard lengths (l) and weights (w) were made from regression equations log l = 1.609530 + 0.336527 * log w, and log w = -4.782762 + 2.971527 * log l. Correlation coefficient achieved the value of 0.992 ± 0.016 and mean condition coefficient for all analyzed population achieved the value of 1.263. Mean absolute length increments in individual years are equable, but in the comparison with other sites very low. From this aspect probably do not forms the lake form (Salmo trutta m. lacustris), however the predisposition in older specimens exists (> 500 mm standard length).
Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences
Fish meat is a perfect foodstuff which is up to standard of rational nourishment. It is source of... more Fish meat is a perfect foodstuff which is up to standard of rational nourishment. It is source of healthy and good digestible material rich on proteins, minerals and vitamins. Fish muscles especially back and lateral muscles are the most important parts of fish organism consumed for escellent chemical composition. Proteins in fish meat are rich on high aminoacids content. The content of fish fat is usually low with the high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. Also minerals and B, A and D vitamins are very important components of this foodstuff. According to rational nourishment the fish meat should be consumed minimal 2 times weekly. Our research was focused on analysis of bottomn sediments in water reservoir Kolinany from the aspect of Cd, Hg and Pb contents, the determination of observed heavy metal contents in different parts of carp body and the evaluation of hygienic status and suitability of fish meat for the human consumption. Our results have confirmed the hygienic wholes...
The aim of this study was to determine the age and length-weight relations of pumpkinseed (Lepomi... more The aim of this study was to determine the age and length-weight relations of pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) population collected from Váh River arms near the Šaľa town. Totally 11 specimens were analyzed, in the age of I+ to V+. Back-calculated standard lengths (l) and weights (w) were calculated from regression equations log w = -4.405701 + 3.005157*log l and log l = 1.466047 + 0.332761*log w (r=0.997, P<0.05). Fulton´s condition coeficient for all population achieved the value of 4.02. Back-calculated length-weight growth for individual years was equable, except the last year, which may be caused by small sample size. In comparison with other sites, the pumpkinseed population´s growth is very slow, due to environmental conditions, mainly water temperature and velocity.
Ten fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Barbus... more Ten fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Barbus peloponnesius, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Rutilus rutilus, Barbatula barbatula, Salmo trutta m. fario, and Lota lota) belonging to 4 family (Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Salmonidae, Gadidae) were fished out in the Stará rieka brook. Ichthyological screening was performed at 4 localities in July, 2003. Selected localities represent natural as well as altered flows. At the particular localities the accompanying and indirect fish species were as a dominant (in individual as well as mass dominance). Abundance in term of pcs.ha –1 reached at particular localities values from 2667 to 21925. Biomass in term of kg.ha –1 reached the values from 16.1 to 341.3. High values of diversity index (2.25) and equitability (0.88) were determined in the altered flow, with six fish species.
In this study the heavy metal (Co, ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) content in muscle, liver and kidney of totally... more In this study the heavy metal (Co, ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) content in muscle, liver and kidney of totally 53 fish individuals, belonging to eight species (chub Leuciscus cephalus, common carp Cyprinus carpio, Prussian carp Carassius gibelio, common bream Abramis brama, sneep Chondrostoma nasus, european perch Perca fluviatilis, zander Sander lucioperca and Wels catfish Silurus glanis) was determined. the samples were collected from the river nitra at 53th–54th r.km (in the city district nitra–Krškany) in september 2003. samples of fish muscle, liver and kidney were obtained at weight 2–3 g (in the case of european perch three samples of kidney were merged together, due to a small quantity of tissue). Heavy metal contents in the fish tissues were analysed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (aas) using nitrid acid HnO 3 (results are presented in milligram per kilogram wet weight basis). For statisti-cal analysis, the anova one-way test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Kolmogorov–smirnov two-sa...
Total eleven fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscu... more Total eleven fish species (Phoxynus phoxynus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Barbus peloponnesius, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Rutilus rutilus, Barbatula barbatula, Salmo trutta m. fario, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salvelinus fontinalis, and Perca fluviatilis) belonging to 4 family (Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Salmonidae, Percidae) were fished out in the Jasenica stream. Ichthyological screening was performed at 6 localities in June, 2003. Abundance in term of pcs.ha -1 reached at particular localities values from 1425 to 14935, and ichthyomass in term of kg.ha -1 reached the values from 36.6 to 506.4. The Jasenica stream is a salmonid stream and brown trout is presented only in the upper part, with abundance of 3424–4842 pcs.ha -1 and ichthyomass of 131.9 – 249.9 kg.ha -1 . From mid-flow his abundance decrease at 158–993 pcs.ha -1 with ichthyomass of 13.8–82.6 kg.ha -1 due to presence of chub (Leuciscus cephalus), which is fished out in the small scale.
The proposal for restoration the branches of lower Váh River, which are located in the inundation... more The proposal for restoration the branches of lower Váh River, which are located in the inundation area was developed on the basis of topographic survey, ichthyological survey and the analysis of land potential. The article presents a proposal for the branch in the city of Šaľa. The ichthyological survey shows that the branch system of regulated rivers rapidly ages and thus it does not create acceptable conditions for the ichthyofauna. From the modeling of the quality of aquatic habitat by the IFIM methodology, it follows that morphological changes, particularly deepening of the channel, will create optimal conditions for the ichthyofauna. The article also presents a proposal for recreational use of the restored channel.
This study presents a rate of bioaccumulation of some metal concentrations in the muscle of five ... more This study presents a rate of bioaccumulation of some metal concentrations in the muscle of five common cyprinid fish species (gudgeon - Gobio gobio, Europen chub - Leuciscus cephalus, barbel - Barbus barbus, roach - Rutilus rutilus, and nase - Chondrostoma nasus). Besides, correlations among selected metals as well as standard length and total weight and order of metal accumulation in the fish muscle were determined. Recorded metal concentrations (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 4.23-22.95, Mn 0.10-0.72, Zn 16.26-166.90, Cu 15.39-25.97, Ni 0.00-3.72, Pb 0.00-1.81, and Cd 0.00-0.11. The Slovak permissible limit for Cu (10.0 mg/kg), Ni (0.5 mg/kg), Pb (0.2 mg/kg) and Cd (0.05 mg/kg) defined in the Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption exceeded in 100%, 12%, 6% and 10% of analyzed samples for Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd respectively. On an average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: Zn>Cu>Fe>Mn>Ni>Pb>Cd.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of differentiated nutrition on the sac-fry growth ... more The aim of this study was to assess the effect of differentiated nutrition on the sac-fry growth intensity of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario). In this experiment, two dry feed mixtures with different feeding program were used. Sac-fry rearing was realized in throughs with volume of 700 l during 113 days. During the rearing period, the feed mixture was fed ad libitum. The first tested group of fish (group A) was fed by mixture with different nutrient composition (crude proteins 56 % and 50 %, fat 12 % and 20 %) for individual rearing stages. The second tested group of fish (group B) was fed by mixtures with constant nutrient composition (crude proteins 57 %, fat 15 %) for the whole rearing period. It was found that the group A had better results for estimated growth parameters (Lt = 48.37 ± 2.41 mm; w = 1.32 ±0.30 g; CF = 0.84; SLGR = 0.63 %.d-1; SWGR = 2.12-1) in comparison to the group B (Lt = 42.90 ± 2.23 mm; w = 1.20 ±0.32 g; CF = 0.83; SLGR = 0.52 %.d-1; SWGR = 2.04 %.d-1). ...
The increasing numbers of otters (Lutralutra L.), which are protected by the CzechAct of Nature a... more The increasing numbers of otters (Lutralutra L.), which are protected by the CzechAct of Nature and Landscape Protection, arecausing serious problems for fishpondmanagement. The diet of otters on pond farmsconsists predominantly (80%) of common carp,Cyprinus carpio, and to a lesser extentother pond fish species (perch, Percafluviatilis, zander, Stizostedionlucioperca and grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella). The size of carpcaptured by otters ranged
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2005
The purpose of this study was to assess concentration of selected metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co,... more The purpose of this study was to assess concentration of selected metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the muscle of four common Slovak fish species (chub--Leuciscus cephalus, barbel--Barbus barbus, roach--Rutilus rutilus, and perch--Perca fluviatilis). Furthermore, correlations among the selected metals and order of metal accumulation in the fish muscle were determined. An electrofishing technique was used for collecting the fish from the Nitra River (Slovakia) in September 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.41-15.14; Mn 0.20-0.81; Zn 3.51-15.64; Cu 0.25-0.78; Ni 0.07-0.25; Co 0.05-0.19; Cr 0.11-0.42; Pb 0.20-5.81; Cd 0.06-0.56, and Hg 1.35-6.52. Significant correlations (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) between Fe-Cu, Fe-Ni, Fe-Cr, Mn-Ni, Mn-Cr, Mn-Cr, Cu-Ni, and Ni-Cr were observed. The level of lead exceeded the maximum allowable concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption (0.2 mg/kg) in the majority of samples (97.2%). Content of Cd (0.23 +/- 0.13 mg/kg wet weight) and Hg (2.85 +/- 1.22 mg/kg wet weight) in the fish muscle exceeded maximum allowed levels in all samples. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: Fe &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Zn &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Hg &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Pb &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Cu &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Mn &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Cd &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Cr &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Ni &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Co.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2006
The purpose of this study was to assess concentration and correlation of selected
heavy metals a... more The purpose of this study was to assess concentration and correlation of selected
heavy metals and level of some microbiological indicators (total bacteria count-TBC,
mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria-MASB) in the muscle of common carp
(Cyprinus carpio). Fish were collected by seine net within the frame of pondfishing,
in October (pond Horn´e Obdokovce—pond A) and December (pond Budmerice—pond
B) 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.47–15.15; Mn 0.14–0.42; Zn 3.47–9.52; Cu 0.24–1.32; Co 0.05–0.17; Ni 0.07–0.42; Cr 0.08–0.19; Pb 0.11–0.30; and Cd 0.01–0.05. The count of MASB and TCB (in CFU/g) varied as follow: 1.12–7.76 × 103 and 0.03–7.59 × 106, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for Cu, Ni, and Cr bioaccumulation, as well as for count of MASB between ponds were recorded. An opposite trend of bioaccumulation was found in only 12 of 36 cases. Positive correlations between counts of MASB and accumulated heavy metals, except Ni and negative correlations between TBC and accumulated heavy metals, except Cr, were recorded, (P < 0.05) for TBC–Mn and TBC–Cd relationship. Lead concentrations exceeded the maximum values allowed concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius (0.2 mg/kg) by 60% for pond-A and 40% for pond-B. The level of MASB count exceeded the maximum allowed concentration in 100% by both ponds. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: (Pond-A) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co > Cd; (Pond-B) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd.
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heavy metals and level of some microbiological indicators (total bacteria count-TBC,
mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria-MASB) in the muscle of common carp
(Cyprinus carpio). Fish were collected by seine net within the frame of pondfishing,
in October (pond Horn´e Obdokovce—pond A) and December (pond Budmerice—pond
B) 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.47–15.15; Mn 0.14–0.42; Zn 3.47–9.52; Cu 0.24–1.32; Co 0.05–0.17; Ni 0.07–0.42; Cr 0.08–0.19; Pb 0.11–0.30; and Cd 0.01–0.05. The count of MASB and TCB (in CFU/g) varied as follow: 1.12–7.76 × 103 and 0.03–7.59 × 106, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for Cu, Ni, and Cr bioaccumulation, as well as for count of MASB between ponds were recorded. An opposite trend of bioaccumulation was found in only 12 of 36 cases. Positive correlations between counts of MASB and accumulated heavy metals, except Ni and negative correlations between TBC and accumulated heavy metals, except Cr, were recorded, (P < 0.05) for TBC–Mn and TBC–Cd relationship. Lead concentrations exceeded the maximum values allowed concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius (0.2 mg/kg) by 60% for pond-A and 40% for pond-B. The level of MASB count exceeded the maximum allowed concentration in 100% by both ponds. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: (Pond-A) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co > Cd; (Pond-B) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd.
heavy metals and level of some microbiological indicators (total bacteria count-TBC,
mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria-MASB) in the muscle of common carp
(Cyprinus carpio). Fish were collected by seine net within the frame of pondfishing,
in October (pond Horn´e Obdokovce—pond A) and December (pond Budmerice—pond
B) 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.47–15.15; Mn 0.14–0.42; Zn 3.47–9.52; Cu 0.24–1.32; Co 0.05–0.17; Ni 0.07–0.42; Cr 0.08–0.19; Pb 0.11–0.30; and Cd 0.01–0.05. The count of MASB and TCB (in CFU/g) varied as follow: 1.12–7.76 × 103 and 0.03–7.59 × 106, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for Cu, Ni, and Cr bioaccumulation, as well as for count of MASB between ponds were recorded. An opposite trend of bioaccumulation was found in only 12 of 36 cases. Positive correlations between counts of MASB and accumulated heavy metals, except Ni and negative correlations between TBC and accumulated heavy metals, except Cr, were recorded, (P < 0.05) for TBC–Mn and TBC–Cd relationship. Lead concentrations exceeded the maximum values allowed concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius (0.2 mg/kg) by 60% for pond-A and 40% for pond-B. The level of MASB count exceeded the maximum allowed concentration in 100% by both ponds. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: (Pond-A) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co > Cd; (Pond-B) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd.