This paper presents a bioeconomic model for two agents, a cattle rancher and a non-rancher, with ... more This paper presents a bioeconomic model for two agents, a cattle rancher and a non-rancher, with interdependencies between their individual effort of invasive weed management and profitability. Dynamic simulations allow us to find numerically the optimal effort of weed control over a 5-year time horizon under a variety of beginning infestation levels. In a base-case scenario without governmental cost-share of control costs, we find that efforts to control the weed are not profitable. The base-case scenarios also indicate that grazing contributes to giving the invasive weed a competitive edge. A second series of simulations include incentive payments for weed control which are set at the minimum level required to have a net positive impact on the rancher's profitability. From these simulations, we find that the level of infestation impacts the size of the incentive necessary to get the agent to control the weeds and that the incentive payments impact the level of effort of the ra...
Circular A-94 specifies how analysts should discount costs and benefits of government projects, a... more Circular A-94 specifies how analysts should discount costs and benefits of government projects, and thus how to account for risk. In this paper, we argue that the methods mandated by A-94 properly account for non-systematic and term risk, but not for systematic risk. A numerical example illustrates how improper accounting for systematic risk produces misleading results and social welfare loss. We conclude by proposing a simple modification of A-94’s procedures that would allow analysts to at least partially account for systematic risk.
GTR-NRS-P-92 33 STRATEGIES FOR SELECTING AND BREEDING EAB-RESISTANT ASH Jennifer L. Koch, Kathlee... more GTR-NRS-P-92 33 STRATEGIES FOR SELECTING AND BREEDING EAB-RESISTANT ASH Jennifer L. Koch, Kathleen Knight, Therese Poland, David W. Carey, Daniel A. Herms, and Mary E. Mason U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Delaware, OH 43015 U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, East Lansing, MI 48823 The Ohio State University, Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
Climate change and population growth anticipate the need for efficient, sustainable, long-term gr... more Climate change and population growth anticipate the need for efficient, sustainable, long-term groundwater management. Groundwater serves as the primary water source for approximately 80 percent of public water systems in the United States and for many more as a secondary source. Traditionally management relies on groundwater to meet rising demand by increasing supply, but climate uncertainty and population growth require more judicious management to achieve efficiency and sustainability. Over pumping leads to groundwater overdraft and jeopardizes the ability of future users to depend on the resource. Optimal urban groundwater pumping is a solution to this conundrum. This paper investigates to what extent and under what circumstances optimally controlled groundwater pumping improves social welfare. It considers management in a hydro-economic framework and finds the optimal pumping path and the optimal price path. These enable the paper to identify the social benefit of controlled pu...
Are given semiconductor element structures that are suitable for use in the production of electro... more Are given semiconductor element structures that are suitable for use in the production of electronic elements such as LEDs. The semiconductor element assemblies comprise a substrate having a roughened growth surface, which is suitable to hold the growth of an epitaxial region. The element structure may include an epitaxial region with reduced defects, and / or an improved radiation extraction efficiency on the roughened surface of the growth substrate. The roughened surface of the growth substrate can have an average roughness R R
Increased water scarcity implies that residents of arid, heavily populated regions of the U.S. wi... more Increased water scarcity implies that residents of arid, heavily populated regions of the U.S. will have to increase water conservation or else face the consequence of water shortfalls. Voluntarily conserved water is an impure public good since it is non-excludable and rival in consumption. This means that water conservation benefits are subject to free-riding behavior. This paper considers a demand side, non-price management alternative to promote water conservation and mitigate free-riding. With experimental economics and a voluntary conservation mechanism, modified from the voluntary contributions mechanism, we explore the extent to which community interaction matters. In a context rich, induced value environment participants are asked to allocate water between their group’s public source and private use. The three treatments, group size, information, and communication, simulate actions a water planner could take to promote conservation. Participants are recruited from the adult,...
Back Story Journal of New Zealand Art, Media & Design History
Emerging technologies influence the shape of society, how we interact with the world, how we lear... more Emerging technologies influence the shape of society, how we interact with the world, how we learn, how our activities create new knowledge and how we can recontextualise old knowledge in new ways.
This paper presents a bioeconomic model for two agents, a cattle rancher and a non-rancher, with ... more This paper presents a bioeconomic model for two agents, a cattle rancher and a non-rancher, with interdependencies between their individual effort of invasive weed management and profitability. Dynamic simulations allow us to find numerically the optimal effort of weed control over a 5-year time horizon under a variety of beginning infestation levels. In a base-case scenario without governmental cost-share of control costs, we find that efforts to control the weed are not profitable. The base-case scenarios also indicate that grazing contributes to giving the invasive weed a competitive edge. A second series of simulations include incentive payments for weed control which are set at the minimum level required to have a net positive impact on the rancher's profitability. From these simulations, we find that the level of infestation impacts the size of the incentive necessary to get the agent to control the weeds and that the incentive payments impact the level of effort of the ra...
Circular A-94 specifies how analysts should discount costs and benefits of government projects, a... more Circular A-94 specifies how analysts should discount costs and benefits of government projects, and thus how to account for risk. In this paper, we argue that the methods mandated by A-94 properly account for non-systematic and term risk, but not for systematic risk. A numerical example illustrates how improper accounting for systematic risk produces misleading results and social welfare loss. We conclude by proposing a simple modification of A-94’s procedures that would allow analysts to at least partially account for systematic risk.
GTR-NRS-P-92 33 STRATEGIES FOR SELECTING AND BREEDING EAB-RESISTANT ASH Jennifer L. Koch, Kathlee... more GTR-NRS-P-92 33 STRATEGIES FOR SELECTING AND BREEDING EAB-RESISTANT ASH Jennifer L. Koch, Kathleen Knight, Therese Poland, David W. Carey, Daniel A. Herms, and Mary E. Mason U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Delaware, OH 43015 U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, East Lansing, MI 48823 The Ohio State University, Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
Climate change and population growth anticipate the need for efficient, sustainable, long-term gr... more Climate change and population growth anticipate the need for efficient, sustainable, long-term groundwater management. Groundwater serves as the primary water source for approximately 80 percent of public water systems in the United States and for many more as a secondary source. Traditionally management relies on groundwater to meet rising demand by increasing supply, but climate uncertainty and population growth require more judicious management to achieve efficiency and sustainability. Over pumping leads to groundwater overdraft and jeopardizes the ability of future users to depend on the resource. Optimal urban groundwater pumping is a solution to this conundrum. This paper investigates to what extent and under what circumstances optimally controlled groundwater pumping improves social welfare. It considers management in a hydro-economic framework and finds the optimal pumping path and the optimal price path. These enable the paper to identify the social benefit of controlled pu...
Are given semiconductor element structures that are suitable for use in the production of electro... more Are given semiconductor element structures that are suitable for use in the production of electronic elements such as LEDs. The semiconductor element assemblies comprise a substrate having a roughened growth surface, which is suitable to hold the growth of an epitaxial region. The element structure may include an epitaxial region with reduced defects, and / or an improved radiation extraction efficiency on the roughened surface of the growth substrate. The roughened surface of the growth substrate can have an average roughness R R
Increased water scarcity implies that residents of arid, heavily populated regions of the U.S. wi... more Increased water scarcity implies that residents of arid, heavily populated regions of the U.S. will have to increase water conservation or else face the consequence of water shortfalls. Voluntarily conserved water is an impure public good since it is non-excludable and rival in consumption. This means that water conservation benefits are subject to free-riding behavior. This paper considers a demand side, non-price management alternative to promote water conservation and mitigate free-riding. With experimental economics and a voluntary conservation mechanism, modified from the voluntary contributions mechanism, we explore the extent to which community interaction matters. In a context rich, induced value environment participants are asked to allocate water between their group’s public source and private use. The three treatments, group size, information, and communication, simulate actions a water planner could take to promote conservation. Participants are recruited from the adult,...
Back Story Journal of New Zealand Art, Media & Design History
Emerging technologies influence the shape of society, how we interact with the world, how we lear... more Emerging technologies influence the shape of society, how we interact with the world, how we learn, how our activities create new knowledge and how we can recontextualise old knowledge in new ways.
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