A compact dual-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with self isolation characte... more A compact dual-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with self isolation characteristics exhibiting dual band characteristics covering GSM-900 (0.88–1.08 GHz) and sub 6 GHz band for 5G (3.11–4.63 GHz) has been proposed. In the proposed design, two semicircular slots have been cut from the radiating part to attain the wide spectrum for 5G. Further, a rectangular open ended slot have been cut from the middle of the partial ground plane to obtain the two bands without rising the overall dimensions of antenna. The whole dimensions of the suggested MIMO antenna is $$48 \times 27{ } \times 1.6\,{\text{mm}}^{3}$$ . It gives a high isolation (19 dB) and broad bandwidth (1.52 GHz) for 5G applications simultaneously without employing external decoupling structures. Further, MIMO performance has been analyzed by particular diversity parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain and mean effective gain. For the validation of results, the suggested antenna is fabricated and experimentally tested.
Corneal diseases are among the major causes of global blindness, secondary to cataract. osteo-odo... more Corneal diseases are among the major causes of global blindness, secondary to cataract. osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis (OOKP) is the ideal treatment for patients with end-stage inflammatory corneal diseases where a portion of tooth along with bone is used to support an optical cylinder to restore vision in such patients. OOKP surgery requires multidisciplinary approach involving dentists, ophthalmologists, and radiologists. Very less is known in dentistry about the role of the periodontium in the field of ophthalmology. This paper highlights OOKP indications, contraindications, surgical procedure, role of oral structures, advantages, and limitations.
Rapunzel syndrome is characterized by gastric trichobezoar with extension beyond pylorus. Seven y... more Rapunzel syndrome is characterized by gastric trichobezoar with extension beyond pylorus. Seven year old female presented with chronic pain abdomen and loss of appetite. Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy showed large trichobezoar in the stomach with its tail extending into proximal duodenum. Child underwent exploratory laparotomy and a large trichobezoar measuring 15 cm was removed. Psychiatric opinion revealed that the child was suffering from `trichotillomania`; an obsessive compulsive disorder. UGI endoscopy is the preferred modality for diagnosis, as it delineates the mass and its extent. Small bezoars can be extracted via endoscopy using various disintegrating techniques but large bezoars need surgical management.
The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders, 2015
To the Editor: Serotonin syndrome is a life-threatening complication related to the drug interact... more To the Editor: Serotonin syndrome is a life-threatening complication related to the drug interactions involving altered serotonin levels. The majority of cases known so far are related to the overdose of proserotonergic drugs, especially antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Other drugs such as triptans, opioid analgesics, and antiemetics such as metoclopramide are also documented to cause serotonin syndrome. Very few cases of serotonin syndrome have been reported to be associated with the withdrawal of the serotonergic antagonist with concomitant use of a serotonergic agent.1–3 One such case has been reported due to clozapine withdrawal with concomitant use of citalopram hydrobromide.4 We report a rare case of a patient who developed serotonin syndrome during withdrawal of cyproheptadine with concomitant use of a therapeutic dose of sertraline. Case report. Ms A, a 63-year-old woman, presented to the psychiatry outpatient department with a history of low mood, lethargy, lack of interest in routine activities, loss of appetite, occasional crying spells, and disturbed sleep. Ms A felt hopeless and worthless and often had death wishes. There was no history of any medical illness. She was treated with sertraline 50 mg daily and lorazepam 2 mg at night if needed. After a month, she reported partial improvement, as there were no crying spells or feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness. But, she still had occasional sadness and loss of appetite. Thus, the dose of sertraline was increased to 100 mg and cyproheptadine (syrup) 4 mg twice daily was added to improve her appetite. After 3 weeks, Ms A reported improved appetite, and her depressive symptoms remitted. Cyproheptadine was stopped after 6 weeks, and she continued to receive sertraline 100 mg. Within 24 hours of stopping cyproheptadine, Ms A was brought back to the hospital in a confused state; she was also agitated. Her temperature was 102°F, her pulse was 120 beats/minute, and her blood pressure was 160/100 mm Hg. She also had tremors in her hands. On neurologic examination, muscle twitching (myoclonus) was observed in all the limb muscles with exaggerated deep tendon reflexes. Detailed history revealed no other drug use except sertraline. Laboratory parameters, ie, total blood count, renal and liver function tests, blood sugar, serum electrolytes, electrocardiogram, and chest X-ray, were within normal limits. The brain magnetic resonance image revealed no abnormality except age-related atrophic changes. On the basis of her history, sertraline was stopped and cyproheptadine was restarted at 4 mg every 6 hours, along with lorazepam 2 mg to control the agitation. Ms A improved within 24 to 48 hours. The fever subsided, her blood pressure returned to normal, and she regained her muscle power gradually. There are no clear-cut criteria for the diagnosis of serotonin syndrome, but in the case of Ms A, the diagnosis was made on the basis of her symptom profile, the exclusion of possible medical causes, her history of cyproheptadine withdrawal, and her improvement with reinstitution of cyproheptadine. Ms A had serotonin syndrome, which developed after sudden withdrawal of cyproheptadine (5HT2 antagonist) due to unopposed action of sertraline (serotonergic agent) even at a therapeutic dosage. Withdrawal of cyprohepatadine led to a sudden increase in the levels of serotonin, leading to serotonin syndrome.
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2003
Thrombin-stimulated endothelium synthesizes numerous adhesion molecules to recruit leukocytes; ho... more Thrombin-stimulated endothelium synthesizes numerous adhesion molecules to recruit leukocytes; however, it is unknown which intracellular pathways are responsible for this event. A recent report from our laboratory has shown that thrombin induces E-selectin expression and that blocking nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activity partially blocked both E-selectin expression (60%) and leukocyte recruitment. In this study, we systematically assessed the importance of p38 MAPK in thrombin-induced NF-kappa B activation and E-selectin-dependent leukocyte recruitment. Thrombin caused phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, its substrate ATF-2, and JNK MAPK, but not ERK MAPK. The p38 MAPK inhibitors, SKF86002 and SB-203580 only reduced ATF-2 activity. We treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells with SKF86002, 1 h before thrombin stimulation, and noted inhibition of NF-kappa B mobilization and complete inhibition of leukocyte rolling and adhesion in a laminar flow chamber. Significant inhibition...
ABSTRACT In this paper, a single layer, single co-axial feed, broadband, compact rectangular micr... more ABSTRACT In this paper, a single layer, single co-axial feed, broadband, compact rectangular microstrip patch antenna is proposed. This proposed antenna is constructed by cutting a �-shape slot under a Pi-shape slot in the patch fabricated on a substrate with relative permittivity 2.33 and thickness 8mm using simple coaxial feeding technique. In addition, four circular slots have been cut into the radiating edges of patch for broadband operation to cover both Wi-MAX (3400MHz-3690MHz) & IMT (3900MHz-4400MHz) communication standards. Basically, the use of these circular slots has effectively excited multi-resonant modes together with good impedance bandwidth. A thick substrate helps broaden the bandwidth for covering the entire frequency range of Wi-MAX & IMT communication standards. The proposed slot loaded patch antenna resonates at 2.66 GHz and has a broadband from 3.4 GHz to 4.5 GHz with the corresponding bandwidth of 108 MHz and 1.14 GHz and return losses of -16.0 dB and -22.6 dB respectively. The antenna gives a stable radiation performance with gain greater than 7dB over the entire broadband. The simulation has been performed by using CST Microwave Studio, which is a commercially available full wave electromagnetic simulator based on the method of finite difference time domain technique. Meanwhile, the proposed antenna exhibit almost omni-directional radiation pattern, relatively high gain and low cross polarization. Results for reflection coefficient and far-field radiation pattern of the designed antenna are presented and discussed. The analysis of the simulated results confirms successful design of co-axial fed microstrip patch antenna (MPA).
In present work, a novel co-axial fed single layer E-shaped rectangular micro strip patch antenna... more In present work, a novel co-axial fed single layer E-shaped rectangular micro strip patch antenna with broadband behavior for wireless local area network (WLAN) and world-wide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-MAX) applications is proposed. The micro strip antenna has a planar geometry that consists of a ground, a substrate, a patch, and a feed. The basic theory about the proposed structural design, impedance matching, and the radiation characteristics are studied and analyzed using method of finite difference time domain technique. Simulation was conducted using computer simulation technology microwave studio software for optimization of antenna's properties. The proposed antenna has a frequency bandwidth of about 712 MHz (5.16-5.88 GHz) at −10 dB return loss which is sufficient to make the antenna useful for 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN and 5.5 GHz Wi-MAX application. The WLAN standard requires the antenna to cover 5.15-5.35 GHz and 5.725-5.825 GHz frequency bands and Wi-MAX requires the antenna to cover 5.25-5.85 GHz frequency band. Maximum achievable gain over the entire frequency band is 5.5 dBi. To meet the demanding bandwidth specification, a substrate of low dielectric constant is selected to obtain a compact radiating structure. Furthermore, reflection coefficient is below −10 dB over the entire frequency band at the input of the optimized E-shaped micro strip patch antenna with 50-Ω system impedance.
2014 IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC), 2014
The main purpose of this research work is to evaluate and analyze the behavior of Zigbee network ... more The main purpose of this research work is to evaluate and analyze the behavior of Zigbee network topologies of wireless sensor networks. This paper investigates the impact of varying the number and speed of mobile nodes in Zigbee network using star, tree and mesh topologies. The functionality of star, tree and mesh topologies on the basis of packet delivery ratio, throughput and number of hops, media access control delay and end to end delay has been examined. The result show better performances of tree topology, which provides better packet delivery ratio and throughput. As the mobile nodes increases in tree topology the media access control delay and end to end delay decreases to lesser extent but there is no effect on number of hops it remain same.
... DOI: 10.1081/SCC-100105330 Kewal Krishan Singal a * & Jaswinder Kaur a pages 2809-2815. A... more ... DOI: 10.1081/SCC-100105330 Kewal Krishan Singal a * & Jaswinder Kaur a pages 2809-2815. Available online: 29 Jun 2011. ...
A compact dual-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with self isolation characte... more A compact dual-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with self isolation characteristics exhibiting dual band characteristics covering GSM-900 (0.88–1.08 GHz) and sub 6 GHz band for 5G (3.11–4.63 GHz) has been proposed. In the proposed design, two semicircular slots have been cut from the radiating part to attain the wide spectrum for 5G. Further, a rectangular open ended slot have been cut from the middle of the partial ground plane to obtain the two bands without rising the overall dimensions of antenna. The whole dimensions of the suggested MIMO antenna is $$48 \times 27{ } \times 1.6\,{\text{mm}}^{3}$$ . It gives a high isolation (19 dB) and broad bandwidth (1.52 GHz) for 5G applications simultaneously without employing external decoupling structures. Further, MIMO performance has been analyzed by particular diversity parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain and mean effective gain. For the validation of results, the suggested antenna is fabricated and experimentally tested.
Corneal diseases are among the major causes of global blindness, secondary to cataract. osteo-odo... more Corneal diseases are among the major causes of global blindness, secondary to cataract. osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis (OOKP) is the ideal treatment for patients with end-stage inflammatory corneal diseases where a portion of tooth along with bone is used to support an optical cylinder to restore vision in such patients. OOKP surgery requires multidisciplinary approach involving dentists, ophthalmologists, and radiologists. Very less is known in dentistry about the role of the periodontium in the field of ophthalmology. This paper highlights OOKP indications, contraindications, surgical procedure, role of oral structures, advantages, and limitations.
Rapunzel syndrome is characterized by gastric trichobezoar with extension beyond pylorus. Seven y... more Rapunzel syndrome is characterized by gastric trichobezoar with extension beyond pylorus. Seven year old female presented with chronic pain abdomen and loss of appetite. Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy showed large trichobezoar in the stomach with its tail extending into proximal duodenum. Child underwent exploratory laparotomy and a large trichobezoar measuring 15 cm was removed. Psychiatric opinion revealed that the child was suffering from `trichotillomania`; an obsessive compulsive disorder. UGI endoscopy is the preferred modality for diagnosis, as it delineates the mass and its extent. Small bezoars can be extracted via endoscopy using various disintegrating techniques but large bezoars need surgical management.
The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders, 2015
To the Editor: Serotonin syndrome is a life-threatening complication related to the drug interact... more To the Editor: Serotonin syndrome is a life-threatening complication related to the drug interactions involving altered serotonin levels. The majority of cases known so far are related to the overdose of proserotonergic drugs, especially antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Other drugs such as triptans, opioid analgesics, and antiemetics such as metoclopramide are also documented to cause serotonin syndrome. Very few cases of serotonin syndrome have been reported to be associated with the withdrawal of the serotonergic antagonist with concomitant use of a serotonergic agent.1–3 One such case has been reported due to clozapine withdrawal with concomitant use of citalopram hydrobromide.4 We report a rare case of a patient who developed serotonin syndrome during withdrawal of cyproheptadine with concomitant use of a therapeutic dose of sertraline. Case report. Ms A, a 63-year-old woman, presented to the psychiatry outpatient department with a history of low mood, lethargy, lack of interest in routine activities, loss of appetite, occasional crying spells, and disturbed sleep. Ms A felt hopeless and worthless and often had death wishes. There was no history of any medical illness. She was treated with sertraline 50 mg daily and lorazepam 2 mg at night if needed. After a month, she reported partial improvement, as there were no crying spells or feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness. But, she still had occasional sadness and loss of appetite. Thus, the dose of sertraline was increased to 100 mg and cyproheptadine (syrup) 4 mg twice daily was added to improve her appetite. After 3 weeks, Ms A reported improved appetite, and her depressive symptoms remitted. Cyproheptadine was stopped after 6 weeks, and she continued to receive sertraline 100 mg. Within 24 hours of stopping cyproheptadine, Ms A was brought back to the hospital in a confused state; she was also agitated. Her temperature was 102°F, her pulse was 120 beats/minute, and her blood pressure was 160/100 mm Hg. She also had tremors in her hands. On neurologic examination, muscle twitching (myoclonus) was observed in all the limb muscles with exaggerated deep tendon reflexes. Detailed history revealed no other drug use except sertraline. Laboratory parameters, ie, total blood count, renal and liver function tests, blood sugar, serum electrolytes, electrocardiogram, and chest X-ray, were within normal limits. The brain magnetic resonance image revealed no abnormality except age-related atrophic changes. On the basis of her history, sertraline was stopped and cyproheptadine was restarted at 4 mg every 6 hours, along with lorazepam 2 mg to control the agitation. Ms A improved within 24 to 48 hours. The fever subsided, her blood pressure returned to normal, and she regained her muscle power gradually. There are no clear-cut criteria for the diagnosis of serotonin syndrome, but in the case of Ms A, the diagnosis was made on the basis of her symptom profile, the exclusion of possible medical causes, her history of cyproheptadine withdrawal, and her improvement with reinstitution of cyproheptadine. Ms A had serotonin syndrome, which developed after sudden withdrawal of cyproheptadine (5HT2 antagonist) due to unopposed action of sertraline (serotonergic agent) even at a therapeutic dosage. Withdrawal of cyprohepatadine led to a sudden increase in the levels of serotonin, leading to serotonin syndrome.
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2003
Thrombin-stimulated endothelium synthesizes numerous adhesion molecules to recruit leukocytes; ho... more Thrombin-stimulated endothelium synthesizes numerous adhesion molecules to recruit leukocytes; however, it is unknown which intracellular pathways are responsible for this event. A recent report from our laboratory has shown that thrombin induces E-selectin expression and that blocking nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activity partially blocked both E-selectin expression (60%) and leukocyte recruitment. In this study, we systematically assessed the importance of p38 MAPK in thrombin-induced NF-kappa B activation and E-selectin-dependent leukocyte recruitment. Thrombin caused phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, its substrate ATF-2, and JNK MAPK, but not ERK MAPK. The p38 MAPK inhibitors, SKF86002 and SB-203580 only reduced ATF-2 activity. We treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells with SKF86002, 1 h before thrombin stimulation, and noted inhibition of NF-kappa B mobilization and complete inhibition of leukocyte rolling and adhesion in a laminar flow chamber. Significant inhibition...
ABSTRACT In this paper, a single layer, single co-axial feed, broadband, compact rectangular micr... more ABSTRACT In this paper, a single layer, single co-axial feed, broadband, compact rectangular microstrip patch antenna is proposed. This proposed antenna is constructed by cutting a �-shape slot under a Pi-shape slot in the patch fabricated on a substrate with relative permittivity 2.33 and thickness 8mm using simple coaxial feeding technique. In addition, four circular slots have been cut into the radiating edges of patch for broadband operation to cover both Wi-MAX (3400MHz-3690MHz) & IMT (3900MHz-4400MHz) communication standards. Basically, the use of these circular slots has effectively excited multi-resonant modes together with good impedance bandwidth. A thick substrate helps broaden the bandwidth for covering the entire frequency range of Wi-MAX & IMT communication standards. The proposed slot loaded patch antenna resonates at 2.66 GHz and has a broadband from 3.4 GHz to 4.5 GHz with the corresponding bandwidth of 108 MHz and 1.14 GHz and return losses of -16.0 dB and -22.6 dB respectively. The antenna gives a stable radiation performance with gain greater than 7dB over the entire broadband. The simulation has been performed by using CST Microwave Studio, which is a commercially available full wave electromagnetic simulator based on the method of finite difference time domain technique. Meanwhile, the proposed antenna exhibit almost omni-directional radiation pattern, relatively high gain and low cross polarization. Results for reflection coefficient and far-field radiation pattern of the designed antenna are presented and discussed. The analysis of the simulated results confirms successful design of co-axial fed microstrip patch antenna (MPA).
In present work, a novel co-axial fed single layer E-shaped rectangular micro strip patch antenna... more In present work, a novel co-axial fed single layer E-shaped rectangular micro strip patch antenna with broadband behavior for wireless local area network (WLAN) and world-wide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-MAX) applications is proposed. The micro strip antenna has a planar geometry that consists of a ground, a substrate, a patch, and a feed. The basic theory about the proposed structural design, impedance matching, and the radiation characteristics are studied and analyzed using method of finite difference time domain technique. Simulation was conducted using computer simulation technology microwave studio software for optimization of antenna's properties. The proposed antenna has a frequency bandwidth of about 712 MHz (5.16-5.88 GHz) at −10 dB return loss which is sufficient to make the antenna useful for 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN and 5.5 GHz Wi-MAX application. The WLAN standard requires the antenna to cover 5.15-5.35 GHz and 5.725-5.825 GHz frequency bands and Wi-MAX requires the antenna to cover 5.25-5.85 GHz frequency band. Maximum achievable gain over the entire frequency band is 5.5 dBi. To meet the demanding bandwidth specification, a substrate of low dielectric constant is selected to obtain a compact radiating structure. Furthermore, reflection coefficient is below −10 dB over the entire frequency band at the input of the optimized E-shaped micro strip patch antenna with 50-Ω system impedance.
2014 IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC), 2014
The main purpose of this research work is to evaluate and analyze the behavior of Zigbee network ... more The main purpose of this research work is to evaluate and analyze the behavior of Zigbee network topologies of wireless sensor networks. This paper investigates the impact of varying the number and speed of mobile nodes in Zigbee network using star, tree and mesh topologies. The functionality of star, tree and mesh topologies on the basis of packet delivery ratio, throughput and number of hops, media access control delay and end to end delay has been examined. The result show better performances of tree topology, which provides better packet delivery ratio and throughput. As the mobile nodes increases in tree topology the media access control delay and end to end delay decreases to lesser extent but there is no effect on number of hops it remain same.
... DOI: 10.1081/SCC-100105330 Kewal Krishan Singal a * & Jaswinder Kaur a pages 2809-2815. A... more ... DOI: 10.1081/SCC-100105330 Kewal Krishan Singal a * & Jaswinder Kaur a pages 2809-2815. Available online: 29 Jun 2011. ...
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