Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing ind... more Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing industries. This chapter reviews dust explosion loss history throughout the United States, Europe and Asia. Illustrative dust explosion incidents are highlighted in grain handling, food processing, coal mining, wood processing, metal working, and pharmaceutical component manufacturing industries. Lessons learned and open challenges are discussed in light of the loss history presented. These include the US Chemical Safety Board recommendations, development of a comprehensive general industry standard, response to dust fires, difficulties with small operations, and hazards to the general public from dust explosions.
National audienceClassical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming ... more National audienceClassical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming from academic test situations, sometime quite different from real industrial conditions. Thus, they do not take into account the variation of turbulence in industrial enclosures, which may alter drastically the explosion violence. The DELFINE installation presently in construction will allow studying dust explosions in real working conditions of a dust collector. Preliminary experiments in an instrumented small size filter are presented, which allow characterizing the turbulence level in every work phase of the system. It appears that the turbulence level is generally lower than in the standard conditions for vent testing, even during reverse jet cleaning. It should offer perspective for optimization of the venting areas for dust collectors. Explosion tests in real conditions on the DELFINE installation will be performed to try to confirm these first observations.Les industries de la chi...
It is our pleasure to present the proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Hazards, Pre... more It is our pleasure to present the proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Hazards, Prevention, and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions (ISHPMIE). The publication of these proceedings was heavily affected by the global situation. In light of these challenges, we are happy to compile proceedings consisting of 84 high-quality papers that reflect the scientific state-of-the-art in the following topical categories: Advances in explosion protection: Strategies, measures, and protective equipment; Detonations and DDT; Electro-chemical energy carriers; Explosion modelling and simulation; Explosion prevention; Explosion properties of substances and mixtures; Explosion testing; Explosions of sprays and vapors; Flame propagation and acceleration; Gas, dust, and hybrid mixture explosions; Hydrogen safety and Ignition phenomena. All articles in this volume have been subject to a peer review process administered by the proceeding editors.
Smouldering fires pose a serious threat in processes that handle organic dusts. They are difficul... more Smouldering fires pose a serious threat in processes that handle organic dusts. They are difficult to detect but can have drastic consequences: besides deteriorating valuable product, they may evolve to open fires and even to dust or gas explosions with potential massive destructive effects. A large number of incidents have occurred in agricultural, food and chemical processing plants, in large storage silo's, drying equipment and mechanical processing apparatuses, such as mills, cutters or grinders. Smouldering is difficult to detect, because combustion happens at lower temperature, without flames, often in the internal of a porous heap of organic material where the oxygen level is reduced but maintained by diffusion through the porous medium. Detection of smouldering based on carbon monoxide concentration measurement is regularly used in industry. This work presents experimental results of smouldering of several organic products, where the size and temperature of the smoulderi...
Classical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming from academic tes... more Classical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming from academic test situations, sometime quite different from real industrial conditions. Thus, they do not take into account the variation of turbulence in industrial enclosures, which may alter drastically the explosion violence. The DELFINE installation presently in construction will allow studying dust explosions in real working conditions of a dust collector. Preliminary experiments in an instrumented small size filter are presented, which allow characterizing the turbulence level in every work phase of the system. It appears that the turbulence level is generally lower than in the standard conditions for vent testing, even during reverse jet cleaning. It should offer perspective for optimization of the venting areas for dust collectors. Explosion tests in real conditions on the DELFINE installation will be performed to try to confirm these first observations.
Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing ind... more Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing industries. This chapter reviews dust explosion loss history throughout the United States, Europe and Asia. Illustrative dust explosion incidents are highlighted in grain handling, food processing, coal mining, wood processing, metal working, and pharmaceutical component manufacturing industries. Lessons learned and open challenges are discussed in light of the loss history presented. These include the US Chemical Safety Board recommendations, development of a comprehensive general industry standard, response to dust fires, difficulties with small operations, and hazards to the general public from dust explosions.
Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing ind... more Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing industries. This chapter reviews dust explosion loss history throughout the United States, Europe and Asia. Illustrative dust explosion incidents are highlighted in grain handling, food processing, coal mining, wood processing, metal working, and pharmaceutical component manufacturing industries. Lessons learned and open challenges are discussed in light of the loss history presented. These include the US Chemical Safety Board recommendations, development of a comprehensive general industry standard, response to dust fires, difficulties with small operations, and hazards to the general public from dust explosions.
National audienceClassical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming ... more National audienceClassical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming from academic test situations, sometime quite different from real industrial conditions. Thus, they do not take into account the variation of turbulence in industrial enclosures, which may alter drastically the explosion violence. The DELFINE installation presently in construction will allow studying dust explosions in real working conditions of a dust collector. Preliminary experiments in an instrumented small size filter are presented, which allow characterizing the turbulence level in every work phase of the system. It appears that the turbulence level is generally lower than in the standard conditions for vent testing, even during reverse jet cleaning. It should offer perspective for optimization of the venting areas for dust collectors. Explosion tests in real conditions on the DELFINE installation will be performed to try to confirm these first observations.Les industries de la chi...
It is our pleasure to present the proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Hazards, Pre... more It is our pleasure to present the proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Hazards, Prevention, and Mitigation of Industrial Explosions (ISHPMIE). The publication of these proceedings was heavily affected by the global situation. In light of these challenges, we are happy to compile proceedings consisting of 84 high-quality papers that reflect the scientific state-of-the-art in the following topical categories: Advances in explosion protection: Strategies, measures, and protective equipment; Detonations and DDT; Electro-chemical energy carriers; Explosion modelling and simulation; Explosion prevention; Explosion properties of substances and mixtures; Explosion testing; Explosions of sprays and vapors; Flame propagation and acceleration; Gas, dust, and hybrid mixture explosions; Hydrogen safety and Ignition phenomena. All articles in this volume have been subject to a peer review process administered by the proceeding editors.
Smouldering fires pose a serious threat in processes that handle organic dusts. They are difficul... more Smouldering fires pose a serious threat in processes that handle organic dusts. They are difficult to detect but can have drastic consequences: besides deteriorating valuable product, they may evolve to open fires and even to dust or gas explosions with potential massive destructive effects. A large number of incidents have occurred in agricultural, food and chemical processing plants, in large storage silo's, drying equipment and mechanical processing apparatuses, such as mills, cutters or grinders. Smouldering is difficult to detect, because combustion happens at lower temperature, without flames, often in the internal of a porous heap of organic material where the oxygen level is reduced but maintained by diffusion through the porous medium. Detection of smouldering based on carbon monoxide concentration measurement is regularly used in industry. This work presents experimental results of smouldering of several organic products, where the size and temperature of the smoulderi...
Classical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming from academic tes... more Classical methods for vent sizing are based on experimental correlations coming from academic test situations, sometime quite different from real industrial conditions. Thus, they do not take into account the variation of turbulence in industrial enclosures, which may alter drastically the explosion violence. The DELFINE installation presently in construction will allow studying dust explosions in real working conditions of a dust collector. Preliminary experiments in an instrumented small size filter are presented, which allow characterizing the turbulence level in every work phase of the system. It appears that the turbulence level is generally lower than in the standard conditions for vent testing, even during reverse jet cleaning. It should offer perspective for optimization of the venting areas for dust collectors. Explosion tests in real conditions on the DELFINE installation will be performed to try to confirm these first observations.
Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing ind... more Abstract Dust explosions represent a serious concern to chemical processing and manufacturing industries. This chapter reviews dust explosion loss history throughout the United States, Europe and Asia. Illustrative dust explosion incidents are highlighted in grain handling, food processing, coal mining, wood processing, metal working, and pharmaceutical component manufacturing industries. Lessons learned and open challenges are discussed in light of the loss history presented. These include the US Chemical Safety Board recommendations, development of a comprehensive general industry standard, response to dust fires, difficulties with small operations, and hazards to the general public from dust explosions.
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