General and Comparative Endocrinology, Mar 1, 2007
Two cDNA sequences (Liv-MIH1 and Liv-MIH2) were cloned from the eyestalk ganglia of the white shr... more Two cDNA sequences (Liv-MIH1 and Liv-MIH2) were cloned from the eyestalk ganglia of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The conceptually translated peptide precursors consist of a mature peptide (77 residues for Liv-MIH1, 75 residues for Liv-MIH2), preceded by a 28-residue signal peptide. Both mature peptides share highest sequence identity with other known MIHs, and contain several conserved residues that have
ABSTRACT Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Nigella sativa essential oil were used to st... more ABSTRACT Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Nigella sativa essential oil were used to study the inhibitory activity against pathogenic Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from aquatic environments. Essential oil of Nigella sativa based silver nanoparticle synthesis (EONs-AgNPs) was observed using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR and the morphological characteristics of the NPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the present study, increasing concentrations of EONs-AgNPs (30 μg/ml) effectively reduced the number of colonies of V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus. Among the two bacterial strains, EONs-AgNPs exhibited greater antibacterial activity against V. harveyi than V. parahaemolyticus. Similarly, the antibiofilm activity of EONs-AgNPs was also clearly observed under light and CLSM studies. EONs-AgNPs showed better inhibition of biofilm formation of V. harveyi followed by V. parahaemolyticus at 80 μg/ml after 24 h. The present study thus recommends that green synthesized silver nanoparticles of EONs-AgNPs could be used as an effective, safe and low cost control measures against pathogenic microbes of aquaculture importance.
Lethal effect of ammonia to juvenile Metapenaeus ensis. Fan-Hua Nan, Jiann-Chu Chen Journal of th... more Lethal effect of ammonia to juvenile Metapenaeus ensis. Fan-Hua Nan, Jiann-Chu Chen Journal of the Fisheries Society of Taiwan 18:11, 41-46, 1991. Metapenaeus ensis juveniles (1.07 cm, 0.012 g wet weight) were exposed ...
Gyrodinium sp., one kind of marine dinoflagellate which has been classified to belong to a new ki... more Gyrodinium sp., one kind of marine dinoflagellate which has been classified to belong to a new kingdom-Mesocaryote, was dealt with the existence of RNA and it mechanism of incorporation of 5-(superscript 3)H-uridine using electron microscopic autoradiography. Most of the silver grains distributed in the cytoplasm and some of them scattered in the chromosomes and nuclear envelope. In the cytoplasm, chloroplast is the most distinct organelle where numerous silver grains concentrated. The tritiated RNA precursor also labelled the mitochondrion, especially the stratified concentric mitochondrion. RNA synthesis is considered to take place at these regions. Ribosomes in three different sizes were found in the chloroplast, mitochondrion and cytoplasm matrix. Chloroplast and mitochondrion of Gyrodinium sp. are capable of protein synthesis and self-duplicating. Chloroplast, and. mitochondrional RNA coded from their own DNA as a template may be synthesized in. situ. But the amount of DNA in these organelles is much less than that of nuclear DNA, these organelles may not have so much genetic information to meet the requirement of protein synthesis for the whole cell. They may aggregate around the nucleus and receive genetic informations dispatched from the nuclear DNA at a certain cell stage.
In order to clarify the suitability of various characters for age-determination,thebony tissues s... more In order to clarify the suitability of various characters for age-determination,thebony tissues such as scales,otoliths and vertebrae were used for comparison to determine the most reliable character for this purpose.Because the rings on the otolith are not visible,though grounded by grindstone,and the variability of otolith length increases significantly with the growth of fish,theuse of otolith for aging is abandened.On the other hand,the rings on the scale andvertebra are both clearly visible,and the number of rings increase with body length.The rings on scale or vertebra are similar in position,thus both of them are recognizedas suitable characters for aging.Since a much high frequency of regenerated scalesare found,we therefore choose the vertebra(16th vertebra)for age-determination.Although the readability of vertebra varies somewhat with fork length,the correspondingrings show regularity in position.The ring radius and the number of ringsincrease with fork length and are considered to be formed with the growth of fish,therefore,the vertebra is thought to be the most effective aging structure.
Chlorination to eliminate fouling organisms in the cooling system of acoastal power plant may cau... more Chlorination to eliminate fouling organisms in the cooling system of acoastal power plant may cause undesirable effect on milkfish(Chanos chanos)larvae in the nearby fry collecting area.This study was to find out the effectof residual chlorine on the mortality of milkfish larvae under various temperatureand salinity regimes.Milkfish larvae of two stages,namely 8(H8)and17(H17)days after hatching were exposed to combinations of five chlorineconcentrations(0.924 to 1.596 mg/l)at three temperatures(26°to 34℃)andthree salinities(26 to 34 ppt)for one hour.Up to second order multipleregression models were constructed to evaluate and compare the resistance ofmilkfish to chlorine at both stages under environment of various chlorineat both stages under environmentment of various chlorine concentration(C),temperature(T),and salinity(S).The resulted optimal models were:Sin^(-1)M^(1/2)=-1.3501+2.7089×10^(-2)×S×C+2.7612×10^(-2)×T×CSin^(-1)M^(1/2)=-1.7616+3.7605×10^(-2)×S×T+4.3621×10^(-2)×T×Cfor H8 and H17 stage,respectively.From these models the average one hourLC(subscript 50)s(mg/l)were 1.3092 and 1.7112 for H8 and H17,respectively.For bothstages,mortality increased with chlorine concentration.Both temperatureand salinity had synergistic effect on chlorine toxicity for H8 stage.Onlytemperature had synergistic effect on chlorine toxicity for H17 stage.Duringthe milkfish larva collecting season,chlorine concentration of the effluentfrom power plant should be kept below 0.066-0.085 mg/l to avoid the impacton milkfish larvae.
An alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) gene was cloned from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp Penaeus m... more An alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) gene was cloned from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon by RT-PCR, cloning and sequencing of overlapping PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the alpha2-M cDNA consists of 4876 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 4494 bp, a 52 bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 327 bp 3'-untranslated region containing a poly A signal. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 1498 amino acids with 18 residues signal sequence. The predicted molecular mass of the mature protein (1480 amino acids) is 167.7 kDa with an estimated pI of 5.30. The P. monodon alpha2-M sequence contains putative functional domains including a GCGEQNM thioester region, a bait region, and a receptor-binding domain which are present in other invertebrate and vertebrate alpha2-Ms. Sequence comparison showed that alpha2-M deduced amino acid sequence of P. monodon has an overall similarity of 85, 52 and 49% to that of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus, American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus and mud crab Scylla serrata, respectively. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence to other species alpha2-M showed that the overall structure is evolutionarily conserved and phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. monodon alpha2-M is closely related to other arthropod alpha2-M, and displays the highest similarity to M. japonicus alpha2-M. The alpha2-M was mainly expressed in haemocytes, but not in eyestalk, gill, muscle, hepatopancreas, and intestine. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that alpha2-M mRNA transcript in haemocytes of P. monodon increased significantly in 12, 24 and 48 h post-peptidoglycan (PG) injection, but returned to the original values in 72 h post-PG injection.
General and Comparative Endocrinology, Mar 1, 2007
Two cDNA sequences (Liv-MIH1 and Liv-MIH2) were cloned from the eyestalk ganglia of the white shr... more Two cDNA sequences (Liv-MIH1 and Liv-MIH2) were cloned from the eyestalk ganglia of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The conceptually translated peptide precursors consist of a mature peptide (77 residues for Liv-MIH1, 75 residues for Liv-MIH2), preceded by a 28-residue signal peptide. Both mature peptides share highest sequence identity with other known MIHs, and contain several conserved residues that have
ABSTRACT Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Nigella sativa essential oil were used to st... more ABSTRACT Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Nigella sativa essential oil were used to study the inhibitory activity against pathogenic Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from aquatic environments. Essential oil of Nigella sativa based silver nanoparticle synthesis (EONs-AgNPs) was observed using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR and the morphological characteristics of the NPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the present study, increasing concentrations of EONs-AgNPs (30 μg/ml) effectively reduced the number of colonies of V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus. Among the two bacterial strains, EONs-AgNPs exhibited greater antibacterial activity against V. harveyi than V. parahaemolyticus. Similarly, the antibiofilm activity of EONs-AgNPs was also clearly observed under light and CLSM studies. EONs-AgNPs showed better inhibition of biofilm formation of V. harveyi followed by V. parahaemolyticus at 80 μg/ml after 24 h. The present study thus recommends that green synthesized silver nanoparticles of EONs-AgNPs could be used as an effective, safe and low cost control measures against pathogenic microbes of aquaculture importance.
Lethal effect of ammonia to juvenile Metapenaeus ensis. Fan-Hua Nan, Jiann-Chu Chen Journal of th... more Lethal effect of ammonia to juvenile Metapenaeus ensis. Fan-Hua Nan, Jiann-Chu Chen Journal of the Fisheries Society of Taiwan 18:11, 41-46, 1991. Metapenaeus ensis juveniles (1.07 cm, 0.012 g wet weight) were exposed ...
Gyrodinium sp., one kind of marine dinoflagellate which has been classified to belong to a new ki... more Gyrodinium sp., one kind of marine dinoflagellate which has been classified to belong to a new kingdom-Mesocaryote, was dealt with the existence of RNA and it mechanism of incorporation of 5-(superscript 3)H-uridine using electron microscopic autoradiography. Most of the silver grains distributed in the cytoplasm and some of them scattered in the chromosomes and nuclear envelope. In the cytoplasm, chloroplast is the most distinct organelle where numerous silver grains concentrated. The tritiated RNA precursor also labelled the mitochondrion, especially the stratified concentric mitochondrion. RNA synthesis is considered to take place at these regions. Ribosomes in three different sizes were found in the chloroplast, mitochondrion and cytoplasm matrix. Chloroplast and mitochondrion of Gyrodinium sp. are capable of protein synthesis and self-duplicating. Chloroplast, and. mitochondrional RNA coded from their own DNA as a template may be synthesized in. situ. But the amount of DNA in these organelles is much less than that of nuclear DNA, these organelles may not have so much genetic information to meet the requirement of protein synthesis for the whole cell. They may aggregate around the nucleus and receive genetic informations dispatched from the nuclear DNA at a certain cell stage.
In order to clarify the suitability of various characters for age-determination,thebony tissues s... more In order to clarify the suitability of various characters for age-determination,thebony tissues such as scales,otoliths and vertebrae were used for comparison to determine the most reliable character for this purpose.Because the rings on the otolith are not visible,though grounded by grindstone,and the variability of otolith length increases significantly with the growth of fish,theuse of otolith for aging is abandened.On the other hand,the rings on the scale andvertebra are both clearly visible,and the number of rings increase with body length.The rings on scale or vertebra are similar in position,thus both of them are recognizedas suitable characters for aging.Since a much high frequency of regenerated scalesare found,we therefore choose the vertebra(16th vertebra)for age-determination.Although the readability of vertebra varies somewhat with fork length,the correspondingrings show regularity in position.The ring radius and the number of ringsincrease with fork length and are considered to be formed with the growth of fish,therefore,the vertebra is thought to be the most effective aging structure.
Chlorination to eliminate fouling organisms in the cooling system of acoastal power plant may cau... more Chlorination to eliminate fouling organisms in the cooling system of acoastal power plant may cause undesirable effect on milkfish(Chanos chanos)larvae in the nearby fry collecting area.This study was to find out the effectof residual chlorine on the mortality of milkfish larvae under various temperatureand salinity regimes.Milkfish larvae of two stages,namely 8(H8)and17(H17)days after hatching were exposed to combinations of five chlorineconcentrations(0.924 to 1.596 mg/l)at three temperatures(26°to 34℃)andthree salinities(26 to 34 ppt)for one hour.Up to second order multipleregression models were constructed to evaluate and compare the resistance ofmilkfish to chlorine at both stages under environment of various chlorineat both stages under environmentment of various chlorine concentration(C),temperature(T),and salinity(S).The resulted optimal models were:Sin^(-1)M^(1/2)=-1.3501+2.7089×10^(-2)×S×C+2.7612×10^(-2)×T×CSin^(-1)M^(1/2)=-1.7616+3.7605×10^(-2)×S×T+4.3621×10^(-2)×T×Cfor H8 and H17 stage,respectively.From these models the average one hourLC(subscript 50)s(mg/l)were 1.3092 and 1.7112 for H8 and H17,respectively.For bothstages,mortality increased with chlorine concentration.Both temperatureand salinity had synergistic effect on chlorine toxicity for H8 stage.Onlytemperature had synergistic effect on chlorine toxicity for H17 stage.Duringthe milkfish larva collecting season,chlorine concentration of the effluentfrom power plant should be kept below 0.066-0.085 mg/l to avoid the impacton milkfish larvae.
An alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) gene was cloned from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp Penaeus m... more An alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) gene was cloned from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon by RT-PCR, cloning and sequencing of overlapping PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the alpha2-M cDNA consists of 4876 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 4494 bp, a 52 bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 327 bp 3'-untranslated region containing a poly A signal. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 1498 amino acids with 18 residues signal sequence. The predicted molecular mass of the mature protein (1480 amino acids) is 167.7 kDa with an estimated pI of 5.30. The P. monodon alpha2-M sequence contains putative functional domains including a GCGEQNM thioester region, a bait region, and a receptor-binding domain which are present in other invertebrate and vertebrate alpha2-Ms. Sequence comparison showed that alpha2-M deduced amino acid sequence of P. monodon has an overall similarity of 85, 52 and 49% to that of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus, American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus and mud crab Scylla serrata, respectively. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence to other species alpha2-M showed that the overall structure is evolutionarily conserved and phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. monodon alpha2-M is closely related to other arthropod alpha2-M, and displays the highest similarity to M. japonicus alpha2-M. The alpha2-M was mainly expressed in haemocytes, but not in eyestalk, gill, muscle, hepatopancreas, and intestine. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that alpha2-M mRNA transcript in haemocytes of P. monodon increased significantly in 12, 24 and 48 h post-peptidoglycan (PG) injection, but returned to the original values in 72 h post-PG injection.
Uploads