Sheet metal parts are frequently designed without the systematic consideration of product develop... more Sheet metal parts are frequently designed without the systematic consideration of product development requirements like manufacturability, process planning, manufacturing optimization and production planning. Concurrent Product Design and Manufacturing means that the designer has to consider all the requirements of the product development process and incorporate these considerations into the product design. Decisions made at this point, concerning parameters, greatly affect
The use of conventional machining processes has been subject to important decline probably due to... more The use of conventional machining processes has been subject to important decline probably due to the increment in the use of emerging technologies. Therefore, the main applications of these traditional processes, such as automotive industry, are in crisis. In order to have a chance to compete successfully in the new trends, the machining industry must meet the needs of alternative sectors such as biomedical field. The aim of this study is to prove the capacity of micro-milling, by machining complex micro-cavities on aluminum workpiece using a conventional milling machine. Results are obtained by evaluating accuracy and geometric features. This study finds that the feed per tooth is a significant factor in order to obtain better results. The use of coolant increases the tool wear and therefore dimensional errors. This scope is a potential opportunity to reutilize the conventional machines from a new approach.
This chapter deals with spindle technologies for machine tools. The machine tool spindle provides... more This chapter deals with spindle technologies for machine tools. The machine tool spindle provides the relative motion between the cutting tool and the workpiece which is necessary to perform a material removal operation. In turning, it is the physical link between the machine tool structure and the workpiece, while in processes like milling, drilling or grinding, it links the structure and the cutting tool. Therefore, the characteristics of the spindle, such as power, speed, stiffness, bearings, drive methods or thermal properties, amongst others, have a huge impact on machine tool performance and the quality of the end product. Machining requirements differ greatly from one sector to another in terms of materials, cutting tools, processes and parameters. Nowadays, the spindle industry provides a large variety of configurations and options in order to meet the needs of different industries. Therefore, it is crucial that companies correctly identify their machining requirements and make well-informed decisions about which spindle to acquire. In this chapter, some of the main spindle characteristics that are the basis of a wellinformed decision regarding spindles are introduced and discussed.
Wireless and Printing Technology 2018 Cells are traditionally cultured in vitro in two dimensions... more Wireless and Printing Technology 2018 Cells are traditionally cultured in vitro in two dimensions (2D), but it presents some limitations, as loss of their in vivo morphology and reduction of cellcell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Hence, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, such as scaffolds, are being developed to overcome the aforementioned restrictions and to mimic the physiological tissue environment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of a tumor or cancer cell line, which are responsible for metastasis and tumor recurrence. They have the capacity to initiate tumor growth and maintain long term self-renewal, as well as they exhibit resistance to conventional therapies. Their study in 2D culture is limited due to the induction of differentiation during CSCs propagation. Interestingly, 3D culture systems can avoid it, besides they can produce an enrichment of CSCs population. In the present study, scaffolds were manufactured by Fused Filament Fa...
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are effective therapie... more Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are effective therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients whose tumors harbor an EGFR activating mutation. However, this treatment is not curative due to primary and secondary resistance such as T790M mutation in exon 20. Recently, activation of transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in NSCLC appeared as an alternative resistance mechanism allowing cancer cells to elude the EGFR signaling. Overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), a multifunctional enzyme essential for endogenous lipogenesis, has been related to resistance and the regulation of the EGFR/Jak2/STAT signaling pathways. Using EGFR mutated (EGFRm) NSCLC sensitive and EGFR TKIsā resistant models (Gefitinib Resistant, GR) we studied the role of the natural polyphenolic anti-FASN compound (ā)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and its derivative G28 to overcome EGFR TKIsā resistance. We show that G28ās cytotoxicity is i...
Sheet metal parts are frequently designed without the systematic consideration of product develop... more Sheet metal parts are frequently designed without the systematic consideration of product development requirements like manufacturability, process planning, manufacturing optimization and production planning. Concurrent Product Design and Manufacturing means that the designer has to consider all the requirements of the product development process and incorporate these considerations into the product design. Decisions made at this point, concerning parameters, greatly affect
The use of conventional machining processes has been subject to important decline probably due to... more The use of conventional machining processes has been subject to important decline probably due to the increment in the use of emerging technologies. Therefore, the main applications of these traditional processes, such as automotive industry, are in crisis. In order to have a chance to compete successfully in the new trends, the machining industry must meet the needs of alternative sectors such as biomedical field. The aim of this study is to prove the capacity of micro-milling, by machining complex micro-cavities on aluminum workpiece using a conventional milling machine. Results are obtained by evaluating accuracy and geometric features. This study finds that the feed per tooth is a significant factor in order to obtain better results. The use of coolant increases the tool wear and therefore dimensional errors. This scope is a potential opportunity to reutilize the conventional machines from a new approach.
This chapter deals with spindle technologies for machine tools. The machine tool spindle provides... more This chapter deals with spindle technologies for machine tools. The machine tool spindle provides the relative motion between the cutting tool and the workpiece which is necessary to perform a material removal operation. In turning, it is the physical link between the machine tool structure and the workpiece, while in processes like milling, drilling or grinding, it links the structure and the cutting tool. Therefore, the characteristics of the spindle, such as power, speed, stiffness, bearings, drive methods or thermal properties, amongst others, have a huge impact on machine tool performance and the quality of the end product. Machining requirements differ greatly from one sector to another in terms of materials, cutting tools, processes and parameters. Nowadays, the spindle industry provides a large variety of configurations and options in order to meet the needs of different industries. Therefore, it is crucial that companies correctly identify their machining requirements and make well-informed decisions about which spindle to acquire. In this chapter, some of the main spindle characteristics that are the basis of a wellinformed decision regarding spindles are introduced and discussed.
Wireless and Printing Technology 2018 Cells are traditionally cultured in vitro in two dimensions... more Wireless and Printing Technology 2018 Cells are traditionally cultured in vitro in two dimensions (2D), but it presents some limitations, as loss of their in vivo morphology and reduction of cellcell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Hence, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, such as scaffolds, are being developed to overcome the aforementioned restrictions and to mimic the physiological tissue environment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of a tumor or cancer cell line, which are responsible for metastasis and tumor recurrence. They have the capacity to initiate tumor growth and maintain long term self-renewal, as well as they exhibit resistance to conventional therapies. Their study in 2D culture is limited due to the induction of differentiation during CSCs propagation. Interestingly, 3D culture systems can avoid it, besides they can produce an enrichment of CSCs population. In the present study, scaffolds were manufactured by Fused Filament Fa...
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are effective therapie... more Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are effective therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients whose tumors harbor an EGFR activating mutation. However, this treatment is not curative due to primary and secondary resistance such as T790M mutation in exon 20. Recently, activation of transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in NSCLC appeared as an alternative resistance mechanism allowing cancer cells to elude the EGFR signaling. Overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), a multifunctional enzyme essential for endogenous lipogenesis, has been related to resistance and the regulation of the EGFR/Jak2/STAT signaling pathways. Using EGFR mutated (EGFRm) NSCLC sensitive and EGFR TKIsā resistant models (Gefitinib Resistant, GR) we studied the role of the natural polyphenolic anti-FASN compound (ā)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and its derivative G28 to overcome EGFR TKIsā resistance. We show that G28ās cytotoxicity is i...
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