Carbon Footprint and the Industrial Life Cycle, 2017
This chapter presents the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution throug... more This chapter presents the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution through the theoretical hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Moreover, it attempts to illustrate the impact of renewable energy sources and energy Research, Development and Demonstration (RDD) on environmental degradation in countries around the world. Many studies have confirmed the existence of an inverted N-shaped EKC pattern in the relationship between income level and the environmental degradation process. These results also indicate that energy regulation processes delay technological obsolescence once economies have reached the early stages of the decontamination process, which, in the long-run, means that an increase in income threshold is required before there can be a return to rising pollution levels. Furthermore, this chapter explains the environmental pollution process through an analysis of low-carbon technologies. It also introduces how income levels affect energy consumption and explains how higher energy demand leads to a larger share of fossil sources in energy mix and, thus, an increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels. Finally, this chapter offers an empirical approach to the positive impact that energy innovation policies exert over the replacement of polluting sources with renewable ones and explains how these measures help to control environmental pollution levels. In addition, Administrations’ regulatory policies help to delay technical obsolescence and also control the scale effect that causes economies to return to increasing pollution levels. Although the promotion of energy innovation actions has a direct impact on the reduction of GHG emissions, this chapter concludes that, in the long-term, it is necessary to continue implementing energy innovation measures to delay technical obsolescence and, thus, delay the return to a stage of increasing GHGpc emissions.
BIM promete ser util durante todo el ciclo de vida del proyecto. Sin embargo, su aplicacion se li... more BIM promete ser util durante todo el ciclo de vida del proyecto. Sin embargo, su aplicacion se limita a las fases de diseno, pre-construccion y en algunos casos, construccion dejando de lado la fase de post-construccion. Esta ultima, encierra las actividades de operacion y mantenimiento, en las cuales se da la mayor inversion debido a la constante implementacion de actividades reactivas y falta de planeacion de las preventivas. A partir de esto, en la industria AEC se ha generado una necesidad financiera para optimizar los recursos mediante el uso de herramientas BIM. Consecuentemente, este estudio busca determinar como se ven beneficiadas las actividades del FM a partir de la implementacion de BIM por medio del estudio del estado del arte, generando asi una hoja de ruta que determine las bases para aplicar BIM a la etapa de operacion de mantenimiento.
... Autor/a: OLMO ESPARZA, ANTONIO. Director(es): Ponz Tienda, José Luis. Entidad UPV: Universita... more ... Autor/a: OLMO ESPARZA, ANTONIO. Director(es): Ponz Tienda, José Luis. Entidad UPV: Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Sup. ... Redacción automatizada de proyectos técnicos : análisis de un caso concreto. Ponz Tienda, JL. dir. 153 p. Idioma: spa. ...
Advances in Informatics and Computing in Civil and Construction Engineering, 2018
BIM coordination is an iterative process that requires an accurate roadmap to adequately manage t... more BIM coordination is an iterative process that requires an accurate roadmap to adequately manage the exchange of information, overcome communication barriers, improve the decision-making environment and guarantee a successful and collaborative work throughout the project’s lifecycle. Although the actual coordination practice satisfies the requirement of routing the whole systems in a proper way, it presents a lack of sequential, constructability, operation and maintenance issues. In order to contribute to the BIM coordination process knowledge, this paper introduces a coordination methodology that is based on the sequential approach and includes O&M (Operation and Maintenance) criteria. Regarding the previous idea, the project information should be organized in a coordination matrix that adds accessibility, functionality and installation requirements to each discipline. This proposal guarantees that the maintenance criteria and physical constraints are consistently meet, preserving a continuous flow and identifying wastes, delays, rework and cost overruns from the first stages of the buildings lifecycle. The suggested methodology aims to generate a more efficient coordination process which ensures that all efforts are headed in the right direction. As a result, the coordinated model will become the As-Built one.
In recent years, transparency in public procurement has increased considerably as a strategy to c... more In recent years, transparency in public procurement has increased considerably as a strategy to curb corruption and implement best practices by governments. Since 2007, Colombia has been implementing different approaches in this sense, which have been evaluated by international bodies with outstanding results. The country's open data platform is mandatory, and all public entities must publish the processes carried out there. This paper presents the “Sistema Electrónico de Contratación Pública de Colombia – SECOP” with emphasis on the construction phase of infrastructure projects, which contains information on all stages of construction projects. There are examples of data and analysis that can be made from them.
Policy makers proposed the MACC as an instrument to rank possible mitigation measures available i... more Policy makers proposed the MACC as an instrument to rank possible mitigation measures available in a market. This tool orders measures according to their cost-efficiency, taking into account only two variables: costs and emissions reductions. Although this tool has been used in relevant settings like the first treaty of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), it has shown mathematical failures that might produce unreliable rankings. This chapter presents existing alternatives to the use of traditional MACC for ranking GHG abatement measures: (1) Taylor’s method by the application of the dominance concept. (2) Ward’s method directly related to the net benefit of each measure. (3) The GM method, which supports an environmentalist attitude and performs a direct comparison of measures with negative and positive costs. (4) An extension of traditional MACC (EMAC method), that considers the economically driven point of view of the decision maker, weighting the n...
Rural roads play an indispensable role in economic and social well-being, especially in developin... more Rural roads play an indispensable role in economic and social well-being, especially in developing countries, contributing to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. For this reason, it is necessary to plan these projects properly to guarantee their success. In this line, the objective of this research is to identify significant variables generating overruns in time and cost using empirical data of 535 rural road projects in Colombia from 2015 to 2018. Bivariate analysis, with statistical tools like Spearman’s Rho and Kruskal–Wallis, allowed identifying that higher values of variables like budget and project intensity are related to higher deviations in cost and time. Additionally, it was found that projects with shorter durations are reporting higher time overruns. The worst performers are projects executed in the year that council mayors start their terms, those developed in municipalities with more resources, and those awarded using a competitive bidding process. Multivariat...
Abstract Repetitiveness in project's activities has gained an important role in the construct... more Abstract Repetitiveness in project's activities has gained an important role in the construction industry. Multiple linear scheduling methods have been proposed in order to fully take advantage of the spatial and temporal information these type of project can provide to practitioners. Besides the advances in the optimization models in these fields, to the extent of the authors knowledge, there is still pending a complete and flexible mathematical linear programming formulation that allow practitioners to easily and jointly solve the Resource allocation, Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling and Time-Cost Tradeoff problem, taking into account as many scheduling properties, benefits and challenges that linear scheduling of repetitive activities imply. This paper shows a complete guide and computational experimentation, of a novel mathematical model that can be easily used by practitioners to optimize construction schedules considering to the largest extent the time and space conditions repetitive projects offer. Particularly, it contributes to the repetitive activities scheduling body of knowledge by successfully implementing a robust linear programing optimization model in a real construction project, while considering as much linear scheduling characteristics as possible. It proves that relationships in the sub-activity level, continuity conditions, multiple modes of execution, controlled acceleration routines and execution mode shifts, and multiple crews can be easily and jointly integrated to a linear optimization model by adding simple linear restrictions to the model.
Carbon Footprint and the Industrial Life Cycle, 2017
This chapter presents the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution throug... more This chapter presents the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution through the theoretical hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Moreover, it attempts to illustrate the impact of renewable energy sources and energy Research, Development and Demonstration (RDD) on environmental degradation in countries around the world. Many studies have confirmed the existence of an inverted N-shaped EKC pattern in the relationship between income level and the environmental degradation process. These results also indicate that energy regulation processes delay technological obsolescence once economies have reached the early stages of the decontamination process, which, in the long-run, means that an increase in income threshold is required before there can be a return to rising pollution levels. Furthermore, this chapter explains the environmental pollution process through an analysis of low-carbon technologies. It also introduces how income levels affect energy consumption and explains how higher energy demand leads to a larger share of fossil sources in energy mix and, thus, an increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels. Finally, this chapter offers an empirical approach to the positive impact that energy innovation policies exert over the replacement of polluting sources with renewable ones and explains how these measures help to control environmental pollution levels. In addition, Administrations’ regulatory policies help to delay technical obsolescence and also control the scale effect that causes economies to return to increasing pollution levels. Although the promotion of energy innovation actions has a direct impact on the reduction of GHG emissions, this chapter concludes that, in the long-term, it is necessary to continue implementing energy innovation measures to delay technical obsolescence and, thus, delay the return to a stage of increasing GHGpc emissions.
BIM promete ser util durante todo el ciclo de vida del proyecto. Sin embargo, su aplicacion se li... more BIM promete ser util durante todo el ciclo de vida del proyecto. Sin embargo, su aplicacion se limita a las fases de diseno, pre-construccion y en algunos casos, construccion dejando de lado la fase de post-construccion. Esta ultima, encierra las actividades de operacion y mantenimiento, en las cuales se da la mayor inversion debido a la constante implementacion de actividades reactivas y falta de planeacion de las preventivas. A partir de esto, en la industria AEC se ha generado una necesidad financiera para optimizar los recursos mediante el uso de herramientas BIM. Consecuentemente, este estudio busca determinar como se ven beneficiadas las actividades del FM a partir de la implementacion de BIM por medio del estudio del estado del arte, generando asi una hoja de ruta que determine las bases para aplicar BIM a la etapa de operacion de mantenimiento.
... Autor/a: OLMO ESPARZA, ANTONIO. Director(es): Ponz Tienda, José Luis. Entidad UPV: Universita... more ... Autor/a: OLMO ESPARZA, ANTONIO. Director(es): Ponz Tienda, José Luis. Entidad UPV: Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Sup. ... Redacción automatizada de proyectos técnicos : análisis de un caso concreto. Ponz Tienda, JL. dir. 153 p. Idioma: spa. ...
Advances in Informatics and Computing in Civil and Construction Engineering, 2018
BIM coordination is an iterative process that requires an accurate roadmap to adequately manage t... more BIM coordination is an iterative process that requires an accurate roadmap to adequately manage the exchange of information, overcome communication barriers, improve the decision-making environment and guarantee a successful and collaborative work throughout the project’s lifecycle. Although the actual coordination practice satisfies the requirement of routing the whole systems in a proper way, it presents a lack of sequential, constructability, operation and maintenance issues. In order to contribute to the BIM coordination process knowledge, this paper introduces a coordination methodology that is based on the sequential approach and includes O&M (Operation and Maintenance) criteria. Regarding the previous idea, the project information should be organized in a coordination matrix that adds accessibility, functionality and installation requirements to each discipline. This proposal guarantees that the maintenance criteria and physical constraints are consistently meet, preserving a continuous flow and identifying wastes, delays, rework and cost overruns from the first stages of the buildings lifecycle. The suggested methodology aims to generate a more efficient coordination process which ensures that all efforts are headed in the right direction. As a result, the coordinated model will become the As-Built one.
In recent years, transparency in public procurement has increased considerably as a strategy to c... more In recent years, transparency in public procurement has increased considerably as a strategy to curb corruption and implement best practices by governments. Since 2007, Colombia has been implementing different approaches in this sense, which have been evaluated by international bodies with outstanding results. The country's open data platform is mandatory, and all public entities must publish the processes carried out there. This paper presents the “Sistema Electrónico de Contratación Pública de Colombia – SECOP” with emphasis on the construction phase of infrastructure projects, which contains information on all stages of construction projects. There are examples of data and analysis that can be made from them.
Policy makers proposed the MACC as an instrument to rank possible mitigation measures available i... more Policy makers proposed the MACC as an instrument to rank possible mitigation measures available in a market. This tool orders measures according to their cost-efficiency, taking into account only two variables: costs and emissions reductions. Although this tool has been used in relevant settings like the first treaty of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), it has shown mathematical failures that might produce unreliable rankings. This chapter presents existing alternatives to the use of traditional MACC for ranking GHG abatement measures: (1) Taylor’s method by the application of the dominance concept. (2) Ward’s method directly related to the net benefit of each measure. (3) The GM method, which supports an environmentalist attitude and performs a direct comparison of measures with negative and positive costs. (4) An extension of traditional MACC (EMAC method), that considers the economically driven point of view of the decision maker, weighting the n...
Rural roads play an indispensable role in economic and social well-being, especially in developin... more Rural roads play an indispensable role in economic and social well-being, especially in developing countries, contributing to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. For this reason, it is necessary to plan these projects properly to guarantee their success. In this line, the objective of this research is to identify significant variables generating overruns in time and cost using empirical data of 535 rural road projects in Colombia from 2015 to 2018. Bivariate analysis, with statistical tools like Spearman’s Rho and Kruskal–Wallis, allowed identifying that higher values of variables like budget and project intensity are related to higher deviations in cost and time. Additionally, it was found that projects with shorter durations are reporting higher time overruns. The worst performers are projects executed in the year that council mayors start their terms, those developed in municipalities with more resources, and those awarded using a competitive bidding process. Multivariat...
Abstract Repetitiveness in project's activities has gained an important role in the construct... more Abstract Repetitiveness in project's activities has gained an important role in the construction industry. Multiple linear scheduling methods have been proposed in order to fully take advantage of the spatial and temporal information these type of project can provide to practitioners. Besides the advances in the optimization models in these fields, to the extent of the authors knowledge, there is still pending a complete and flexible mathematical linear programming formulation that allow practitioners to easily and jointly solve the Resource allocation, Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling and Time-Cost Tradeoff problem, taking into account as many scheduling properties, benefits and challenges that linear scheduling of repetitive activities imply. This paper shows a complete guide and computational experimentation, of a novel mathematical model that can be easily used by practitioners to optimize construction schedules considering to the largest extent the time and space conditions repetitive projects offer. Particularly, it contributes to the repetitive activities scheduling body of knowledge by successfully implementing a robust linear programing optimization model in a real construction project, while considering as much linear scheduling characteristics as possible. It proves that relationships in the sub-activity level, continuity conditions, multiple modes of execution, controlled acceleration routines and execution mode shifts, and multiple crews can be easily and jointly integrated to a linear optimization model by adding simple linear restrictions to the model.
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Papers by José Luis Ponz Tienda