Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well ... more Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well as the willingness of our society are required. In order to inspire people with needed interest, the rational understanding of the necessity for nature conservation, moreover the cognition of the intrinsic values of peatlands have to be stimulated. Against this background, modern environmental education on mires becomes essential, and besides offers also hardly recognized chances of economical improvement. As an example, in economically underdeveloped regions, such as Brandenburg (federal state in north-east Germany), which in contrast has copious cultural and natural environment, sustainable tourism has a lot of growth potential and should be promoted. On this note this article introduces two projects in Brandenburg: first the programme INFORME running at Humboldt-Universität in Berlin and second a mire adventure trail in the natural park Stechlin-Ruppiner Land, being currently under im...
Abstract: Last centuries’ meliorations caused tremendous changes of peat-soils, like peat degrada... more Abstract: Last centuries’ meliorations caused tremendous changes of peat-soils, like peat degradations and peat loss. By an example in the landscape of the Lewitz in the south-western part of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania it is shown, how actual properties of peat-soils are influenced by historical land-use. Beside that the site is validated according its mineralisation rate, C-stock and C-release potential. An average loss in peat thickness of 2,9 dm between 1974 and 2011 could be stated. At two specific sites digging stated a decrease of mineralic components in the upper layer in the same period. One background for this is seen in the uncertainty in finding the exact former digging sites, whereas other reasons are physical changes due to agricultural and constructional activities in former times. The actual average carbon stock of the Polder Schwarzer Graben II area is 678 t C ha-1 with an average peat thickness of 6 dm. Between 1974 and 2011 a carbon amount of 134 t C ha-1 was re...
Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well ... more Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well as the willingness of our society are required. In order to inspire people with needed interest, the rational understanding of the necessity for nature conservation, moreover the cognition of the intrinsic values of peatlands have to be stimulated. Against this background, modern environmental education on mires becomes essential, and besides offers also hardly recognized chances of economical improvement. As an example, in economically underdeveloped regions, such as Brandenburg (federal state in north-east Germany), which in contrast has copious cultural and natural environment, sustainable tourism has a lot of growth potential and should be promoted. On this note this article introduces two projects in Brandenburg: first the programme INFORME running at Humboldt-Universität in Berlin and second a mire adventure trail in the natural park Stechlin-Ruppiner Land, being currently under im...
Abstract: Little is known of the characteristics of Icelandic peat soil – one major aspect that i... more Abstract: Little is known of the characteristics of Icelandic peat soil – one major aspect that is known, though, is that Icelandic peat soil tend to contain high amounts of volcanic ash. The agricultural use of organic soils in Iceland began quite recently relative to other European countries. Pedogenetic changes that have come about through drainage and cultivation have not been investigated as far as possible. Through the investigation of pedogenetic transformations in cultivated peat soils in Westiceland higher degrees of decomposition and textural changes were identified resulting from artificial drainage and aeration. Due to the high amouts of volcanic ash the interpretation and analysis of soil properties like the bulk density or ash contents of the dry matter was rather difficult.
Gastgebendes Land des diesjährigen Internationalen Symposiums der Kommission III war ein osteurop... more Gastgebendes Land des diesjährigen Internationalen Symposiums der Kommission III war ein osteuropäisches Land : Polen. Von den 1,3 Mill. ha Moorfläche (das sind 4,8% der Landesfläche) sind 94% Niedermoor (davon je ungefähr zu einem Drittel Versumpfungs-, Verlandungs- und Durchströmungsmoor).
Der Leitfaden beschreibt mehrere Bildungsprogramme – den Moorpfad, einen Projekttag, eine dazugeh... more Der Leitfaden beschreibt mehrere Bildungsprogramme – den Moorpfad, einen Projekttag, eine dazugehorige Regenvariante und Projektwochen – an zwei Standorten: dem Diebelseemoor bzw. der Europaischen Jugenderholungs- und Begegnungsstatte (EJB Werbellinsee GmbH) und dem NABU-Informationszentrum Blumberger Muhle. Er richtet sich an all diejenigen UmweltbildnerInnen, LehrerInnen und JugendleiterInnen, die Kinder und Jugendliche im Sinne einer Bildung fur nachhaltige Entwicklung fur die Moorthematik begeistern wollen. Die Programme basieren auf dem Grundkonzept des Materialbandes „27 Bildungsmodule zum Thema Moor“.
Abstract: Undisturbed peatlands with high water levels provide complex and important ecosystem se... more Abstract: Undisturbed peatlands with high water levels provide complex and important ecosystem services (ESS) on a small scale and are vulnerable ecosystems that require special protection. In the project "Berlin's Peatlands and climate Change", a system was developed with which to assess important ecosystem services (climate protection service, habitat service, filtering function, water retention service, cooling service) on the basis of soil, site and vegetation properties and to identify priorities for action. For this purpose, all peatland soils in Berlin were investigated and their ESS were assessed. Currently, there are 740 ha of peatland soils in different sites. They show a great variety of soil types and soil substrates and represent nearly the whole variety of mire types of Northeastern Germany (except ombrotrophic bogs) which enables a good transferability and applicability of the assessment system. A detailed description of the methodology and the obtained results for every single peatland site is freely accessible on the project website (www.berliner-moorboeden.hu-berlin.de, partly in English).
Abstract: The formation of soils from gyttja takes place under aeration, due to artificial draina... more Abstract: The formation of soils from gyttja takes place under aeration, due to artificial drainage. In northern Europe gyttja deposits are found in northern Germany, Poland, Finland and Sweden. Their investigations date back to the middle of the last century. Their cultivation led to a pedogenesis, which is reflected by chemical and physical properties. Subhydric material is rich in organic matter and often in CaCO3 ranging from 5 to 95 %. It is fine-grained with a high pore space, particularly of the meso- and micro-pores. As a result of pedogenesis the volume of micropores increases while the volume of meso-pores decreases.
Abstract: On an experimental site in Lower Saxony samples of various Sphagnum peats were collecte... more Abstract: On an experimental site in Lower Saxony samples of various Sphagnum peats were collected for laboratory analyses of hydraulic properties. It turned out that the hydraulic properties of the peats are different and that at low degrees of decomposition horizontal and vertical water conductivities differ significantly. This has implications for peatland rewetting and for optimal water management of Sphagnum farming sites.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest discharge component in the carbon balance of peat b... more Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest discharge component in the carbon balance of peat bogs with the exception of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Very little attention has been devoted to the behaviour of DOC after peat bogs have been rewetted. It is already known that DOC discharges from degraded peat bogs can rise when the water level is raised. The size of this discharge and the influencing factors are however still little understood. To measure and determine the influencing factors, this case study looks at three rewetted peat bogs which differ in terms of hydrogenetic peat bog type, the intensity of the former use, and the level of anthropogenic pedogenesis. The results show that the main influence on the DOC discharge is associated with the hydrology and genesis of the peat bogs. High DOC discharge levels in receiving water courses after rewetting can mainly be expected from peat bogs affected by strong degradation, flushing or percolation. TELMA Band 41 Seite...
Die Erfahrung aus der zehnjahrigen Aktion Boden des Jahres zeigt, dass neben Grundkenntnissen der... more Die Erfahrung aus der zehnjahrigen Aktion Boden des Jahres zeigt, dass neben Grundkenntnissen der Entwicklung verschiedener Boden, der Beschreibung ihres unterschiedlichen Aufbaus anhand erkennbarer und charakteristischer Merkmale, ihrer Verbreitung, ihrer Nutzung und ihrer Gefahrdung zur Herausbildung von nationalem und internationalem Interesse gefuhrt hat. Um den Beitrag zur Herausbildung von Verantwortungsbewusstsein fur die knappe Ressource Boden und ihre gegenwartige Vernutzung in der Gesellschaft zu verstarken, mussen zukunftig die vielfaltigen und meist vernetzten Funktionen noch starker herausgearbeitet und dargestellt werden, auf deren Erhaltung die Menschen, Pflanzen und Tiere angewiesen sind.
Many “forest mires“ in the extensive forests of North-East Germany have been influenced by man wi... more Many “forest mires“ in the extensive forests of North-East Germany have been influenced by man with significant change of their natural ecology. We feel a high need for conservation and restoration of these forest mires. For a successful restoration, a wide range of different ecological conditions should be considered. Therefore the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt supports the development of a decision support system (DSS) for the management of forest mires, based upon their ecology. To identify the important ecological parameters 53 restoration projects in Brandenburg have been evaluated. We found, that a considerable part of restoration projects failed because the rewetting potentials and measures and working were not adapted to the sites. Therefore we identified relevant ecological parameters for a decision support system, which has been elaborated, afterwards. The DSS has a modular structure and has 2 decision sections to derive main restoration objectives and measures. In each m...
The rising export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from peatlands during the last 20 years is of... more The rising export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from peatlands during the last 20 years is of great environmental concern, as DOC harms drinking water quality and diminishes the carbon storage of peatlands. Lack of knowledge particularly exists for fens. The aim of our study was to determine DOC concentrations at an agriculturally used fen and a rewetted fen throughout the year. We measured DOC concentrations in ditch water of these fens in 2011 and 2012. Furthermore, discharge measurements were condcucted to detect DOC export. Overall DOC concentrations at our agriculturally used site and at our rewetted site were 35 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and 26 mg L<sup>−1</sup> (median), respectively. The maximum DOC concentration at our agriculturally used site was twice as high as at the rewetted site (134 mg L<sup>−1</sup> vs. 61 mg L<sup>−1</sup>). Annual DOC export was calculated for the rewetted site, amounting to 200 k...
Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well ... more Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well as the willingness of our society are required. In order to inspire people with needed interest, the rational understanding of the necessity for nature conservation, moreover the cognition of the intrinsic values of peatlands have to be stimulated. Against this background, modern environmental education on mires becomes essential, and besides offers also hardly recognized chances of economical improvement. As an example, in economically underdeveloped regions, such as Brandenburg (federal state in north-east Germany), which in contrast has copious cultural and natural environment, sustainable tourism has a lot of growth potential and should be promoted. On this note this article introduces two projects in Brandenburg: first the programme INFORME running at Humboldt-Universität in Berlin and second a mire adventure trail in the natural park Stechlin-Ruppiner Land, being currently under im...
Abstract: Last centuries’ meliorations caused tremendous changes of peat-soils, like peat degrada... more Abstract: Last centuries’ meliorations caused tremendous changes of peat-soils, like peat degradations and peat loss. By an example in the landscape of the Lewitz in the south-western part of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania it is shown, how actual properties of peat-soils are influenced by historical land-use. Beside that the site is validated according its mineralisation rate, C-stock and C-release potential. An average loss in peat thickness of 2,9 dm between 1974 and 2011 could be stated. At two specific sites digging stated a decrease of mineralic components in the upper layer in the same period. One background for this is seen in the uncertainty in finding the exact former digging sites, whereas other reasons are physical changes due to agricultural and constructional activities in former times. The actual average carbon stock of the Polder Schwarzer Graben II area is 678 t C ha-1 with an average peat thickness of 6 dm. Between 1974 and 2011 a carbon amount of 134 t C ha-1 was re...
Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well ... more Abstract: To ensure the preservation and restoration of mires and peatlands public funds as well as the willingness of our society are required. In order to inspire people with needed interest, the rational understanding of the necessity for nature conservation, moreover the cognition of the intrinsic values of peatlands have to be stimulated. Against this background, modern environmental education on mires becomes essential, and besides offers also hardly recognized chances of economical improvement. As an example, in economically underdeveloped regions, such as Brandenburg (federal state in north-east Germany), which in contrast has copious cultural and natural environment, sustainable tourism has a lot of growth potential and should be promoted. On this note this article introduces two projects in Brandenburg: first the programme INFORME running at Humboldt-Universität in Berlin and second a mire adventure trail in the natural park Stechlin-Ruppiner Land, being currently under im...
Abstract: Little is known of the characteristics of Icelandic peat soil – one major aspect that i... more Abstract: Little is known of the characteristics of Icelandic peat soil – one major aspect that is known, though, is that Icelandic peat soil tend to contain high amounts of volcanic ash. The agricultural use of organic soils in Iceland began quite recently relative to other European countries. Pedogenetic changes that have come about through drainage and cultivation have not been investigated as far as possible. Through the investigation of pedogenetic transformations in cultivated peat soils in Westiceland higher degrees of decomposition and textural changes were identified resulting from artificial drainage and aeration. Due to the high amouts of volcanic ash the interpretation and analysis of soil properties like the bulk density or ash contents of the dry matter was rather difficult.
Gastgebendes Land des diesjährigen Internationalen Symposiums der Kommission III war ein osteurop... more Gastgebendes Land des diesjährigen Internationalen Symposiums der Kommission III war ein osteuropäisches Land : Polen. Von den 1,3 Mill. ha Moorfläche (das sind 4,8% der Landesfläche) sind 94% Niedermoor (davon je ungefähr zu einem Drittel Versumpfungs-, Verlandungs- und Durchströmungsmoor).
Der Leitfaden beschreibt mehrere Bildungsprogramme – den Moorpfad, einen Projekttag, eine dazugeh... more Der Leitfaden beschreibt mehrere Bildungsprogramme – den Moorpfad, einen Projekttag, eine dazugehorige Regenvariante und Projektwochen – an zwei Standorten: dem Diebelseemoor bzw. der Europaischen Jugenderholungs- und Begegnungsstatte (EJB Werbellinsee GmbH) und dem NABU-Informationszentrum Blumberger Muhle. Er richtet sich an all diejenigen UmweltbildnerInnen, LehrerInnen und JugendleiterInnen, die Kinder und Jugendliche im Sinne einer Bildung fur nachhaltige Entwicklung fur die Moorthematik begeistern wollen. Die Programme basieren auf dem Grundkonzept des Materialbandes „27 Bildungsmodule zum Thema Moor“.
Abstract: Undisturbed peatlands with high water levels provide complex and important ecosystem se... more Abstract: Undisturbed peatlands with high water levels provide complex and important ecosystem services (ESS) on a small scale and are vulnerable ecosystems that require special protection. In the project "Berlin's Peatlands and climate Change", a system was developed with which to assess important ecosystem services (climate protection service, habitat service, filtering function, water retention service, cooling service) on the basis of soil, site and vegetation properties and to identify priorities for action. For this purpose, all peatland soils in Berlin were investigated and their ESS were assessed. Currently, there are 740 ha of peatland soils in different sites. They show a great variety of soil types and soil substrates and represent nearly the whole variety of mire types of Northeastern Germany (except ombrotrophic bogs) which enables a good transferability and applicability of the assessment system. A detailed description of the methodology and the obtained results for every single peatland site is freely accessible on the project website (www.berliner-moorboeden.hu-berlin.de, partly in English).
Abstract: The formation of soils from gyttja takes place under aeration, due to artificial draina... more Abstract: The formation of soils from gyttja takes place under aeration, due to artificial drainage. In northern Europe gyttja deposits are found in northern Germany, Poland, Finland and Sweden. Their investigations date back to the middle of the last century. Their cultivation led to a pedogenesis, which is reflected by chemical and physical properties. Subhydric material is rich in organic matter and often in CaCO3 ranging from 5 to 95 %. It is fine-grained with a high pore space, particularly of the meso- and micro-pores. As a result of pedogenesis the volume of micropores increases while the volume of meso-pores decreases.
Abstract: On an experimental site in Lower Saxony samples of various Sphagnum peats were collecte... more Abstract: On an experimental site in Lower Saxony samples of various Sphagnum peats were collected for laboratory analyses of hydraulic properties. It turned out that the hydraulic properties of the peats are different and that at low degrees of decomposition horizontal and vertical water conductivities differ significantly. This has implications for peatland rewetting and for optimal water management of Sphagnum farming sites.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest discharge component in the carbon balance of peat b... more Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest discharge component in the carbon balance of peat bogs with the exception of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Very little attention has been devoted to the behaviour of DOC after peat bogs have been rewetted. It is already known that DOC discharges from degraded peat bogs can rise when the water level is raised. The size of this discharge and the influencing factors are however still little understood. To measure and determine the influencing factors, this case study looks at three rewetted peat bogs which differ in terms of hydrogenetic peat bog type, the intensity of the former use, and the level of anthropogenic pedogenesis. The results show that the main influence on the DOC discharge is associated with the hydrology and genesis of the peat bogs. High DOC discharge levels in receiving water courses after rewetting can mainly be expected from peat bogs affected by strong degradation, flushing or percolation. TELMA Band 41 Seite...
Die Erfahrung aus der zehnjahrigen Aktion Boden des Jahres zeigt, dass neben Grundkenntnissen der... more Die Erfahrung aus der zehnjahrigen Aktion Boden des Jahres zeigt, dass neben Grundkenntnissen der Entwicklung verschiedener Boden, der Beschreibung ihres unterschiedlichen Aufbaus anhand erkennbarer und charakteristischer Merkmale, ihrer Verbreitung, ihrer Nutzung und ihrer Gefahrdung zur Herausbildung von nationalem und internationalem Interesse gefuhrt hat. Um den Beitrag zur Herausbildung von Verantwortungsbewusstsein fur die knappe Ressource Boden und ihre gegenwartige Vernutzung in der Gesellschaft zu verstarken, mussen zukunftig die vielfaltigen und meist vernetzten Funktionen noch starker herausgearbeitet und dargestellt werden, auf deren Erhaltung die Menschen, Pflanzen und Tiere angewiesen sind.
Many “forest mires“ in the extensive forests of North-East Germany have been influenced by man wi... more Many “forest mires“ in the extensive forests of North-East Germany have been influenced by man with significant change of their natural ecology. We feel a high need for conservation and restoration of these forest mires. For a successful restoration, a wide range of different ecological conditions should be considered. Therefore the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt supports the development of a decision support system (DSS) for the management of forest mires, based upon their ecology. To identify the important ecological parameters 53 restoration projects in Brandenburg have been evaluated. We found, that a considerable part of restoration projects failed because the rewetting potentials and measures and working were not adapted to the sites. Therefore we identified relevant ecological parameters for a decision support system, which has been elaborated, afterwards. The DSS has a modular structure and has 2 decision sections to derive main restoration objectives and measures. In each m...
The rising export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from peatlands during the last 20 years is of... more The rising export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from peatlands during the last 20 years is of great environmental concern, as DOC harms drinking water quality and diminishes the carbon storage of peatlands. Lack of knowledge particularly exists for fens. The aim of our study was to determine DOC concentrations at an agriculturally used fen and a rewetted fen throughout the year. We measured DOC concentrations in ditch water of these fens in 2011 and 2012. Furthermore, discharge measurements were condcucted to detect DOC export. Overall DOC concentrations at our agriculturally used site and at our rewetted site were 35 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and 26 mg L<sup>−1</sup> (median), respectively. The maximum DOC concentration at our agriculturally used site was twice as high as at the rewetted site (134 mg L<sup>−1</sup> vs. 61 mg L<sup>−1</sup>). Annual DOC export was calculated for the rewetted site, amounting to 200 k...
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