This paper describes the results of a laboratory experiment the purpose of which was to compare f... more This paper describes the results of a laboratory experiment the purpose of which was to compare from a human decision-maker's point of view the performance of the interactive methods for multicriterion optimization recently developed by Geoffrion and Benayoun et al. (STEP-method), and a simple trial-and-error procedure for solving the multiple criteria problem. All the methods were tested on a time-sharing
The curse of dimensionality is a well-recognized problem in the field of document filtering. In p... more The curse of dimensionality is a well-recognized problem in the field of document filtering. In particular, this concerns methods where vector space models are utilized to describe the document-concept space. When performing content classification across a variety of topics, the number of different concepts (dimensions) rapidly explodes and as a result many techniques are rendered inapplicable. Furthermore the extent of information represented by each of the concepts may vary significantly. In this paper, we present a dimensionality reduction approach which approximates the user's preferences in the form of value function and leads to a quick and efficient filtering procedure. The proposed system requires the user to provide preference information in the form of a training set in order to generate a search rule. Each document in the training set is profiled into a vector of concepts. The document profiling is accomplished by utilizing Wikipedia-articles to define the semantic information contained in words which allows them to be perceived as concepts. Once the set of concepts contained in the training set is known, a modified Wilks' lambda approach is used for dimensionality reduction by ensuring minimal loss of semantic information.
... mail: jteich@nmsu.edu Hannele Wallenius Department of Industrial Management, Helsinki Univers... more ... mail: jteich@nmsu.edu Hannele Wallenius Department of Industrial Management, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN 02150 Espoo, Finland E-mail: hannele.wallenius@hut.fi Jyrki Wallenius Center for Innovative Education ...
Ieee Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Oct 1, 2010
This paper suggests a preference-based methodology, which is embedded in an evolutionary multiobj... more This paper suggests a preference-based methodology, which is embedded in an evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm to lead a decision maker (DM) to the most preferred solution of her or his choice. The progress toward the most preferred solution is made by accepting preference based information progressively from the DM after every few generations of an evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm. This preference information is used to model a strictly monotone value function, which is used for the subsequent iterations of the evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) algorithm.
have proposed Value Efficiency Analysis as an approach to incorporate preference information in D... more have proposed Value Efficiency Analysis as an approach to incorporate preference information in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Generally, a value function includes only ordinal information and thus a value efficiency score does not provide information on the value difference. The score only describes the improvements in the input/output values that are needed in order to make the Decision-Making Unit (DMU) as preferred as the Most Preferred Solution (MPS). This Paper discusses two sets of additional assumptions that enable us to give the efficiency score a value difference interpretation.
ABSTRACT This paper provides an update on the state-of-the-art of Operations Research and its pra... more ABSTRACT This paper provides an update on the state-of-the-art of Operations Research and its practice in Finland. We cover academic Operations Research and applications. Furthermore, we discuss, as an example, the careers of Helsinki School of Economics OR/MS-graduates and their views on the usefulness of OR-education in Finland.
The use of robo-readers to analyze news texts is an emerging technology trend in computational fi... more The use of robo-readers to analyze news texts is an emerging technology trend in computational finance. In recent research, a substantial effort has been invested to develop sophisticated financial polarity-lexicons that can be used to investigate how financial sentiments relate to future company performance. However, based on experience from other fields, where sentiment analysis is commonly applied, it is well-known that the overall semantic orientation of a sentence may differ from the prior polarity of individual words. The objective of this article is to investigate how semantic orientations can be better detected in financial and economic news by accommodating the overall phrase-structure information and domain-specific use of language. Our three main contributions are: (1) establishment of a human-annotated finance phrase-bank, which can be used as benchmark for training and evaluating alternative models; (2) presentation of a technique to enhance financial lexicons with attributes that help to identify expected direction of events that affect overall sentiment; (3) development of a linearized phrasestructure model for detecting contextual semantic orientations in financial and economic news texts. The relevance of the newly added lexicon features and the benefit of using the proposed learning-algorithm are demonstrated in a comparative study against previously used general sentiment models as well as the popular word frequency models used in recent financial studies. The proposed framework is parsimonious and avoids the explosion in feature-space caused by the use This work has been partly supported by Emil Aaltonen Foundation and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation. of conventional n-gram features.
We consider a decision situation where there is an initial set of alternatives that may be augmen... more We consider a decision situation where there is an initial set of alternatives that may be augmented, a variant of the problem known in the literature as the "secretary problem". We focus the discussion on the special case of group decision-making, where a group or committee is charged with the responsibility of negotiating the decision. We investigate situations of explicitly stated (multiple) criteria and the simpler situation of no such stated criteria. The former case includes the congenial, the mixed, and the uncongenial cases, where the individuals agree on the direction of all, some, or none of the criteria, respectively. We offer a framework within which a group of individuals can be supported in such a decision process. In the case of explicit criteria, we provide the decision-makers with probability information of the likelihood of finding more preferred alternatives provided the initial set of alternatives is expanded. The framework is tested using a simulated real-world choice situation.
Fuels to be used in Accelerator Driven Systems dedicated to Minor Actinides transmutation can be ... more Fuels to be used in Accelerator Driven Systems dedicated to Minor Actinides transmutation can be described as highly innovative in comparison with those used in critical cores. Indeed, ADS fuels are not fertile, so as to improve the transmutation performance and they contain high volumetric concentrations (~50%) of minor actinides and plutonium compounds. This unusual fuel composition results in high gamma and neutron emissions during its fabrication, as well as degraded performances under irradiation. Ceramic-Ceramic and Ceramic Metallic composite fuels consisting of particles of (Pu,MA)O 2 phases dispersed in a magnesia or molybdenum matrix were investigated within the European Research programme for Transmutation, as driver fuels for a prospective 400MWth transmuter: the European Facility for Industrial Transmutation. Fuel performances and safety of preliminary core designs were evaluated to support the project. Out -of-pile as well as in-pile experiments were carried out to gain essential knowledge on properties and behaviour under irradiation of these types of fuel. This paper gives an overview of experimental results within the project.
Integrated Preference Functional (IPF) is a set functional that, given a discrete set of points f... more Integrated Preference Functional (IPF) is a set functional that, given a discrete set of points for a multiple objective optimization problem, assigns a numerical value to that point set. This value provides a quantitative measure for comparing different sets of points generated by solution procedures for difficult multiple objective optimization problems. We introduced the IPF for bi-criteria optimization problems in
Volume 13 (3): 233-241. www.electronicmarkets.org S S S 15 MS MS S 16 S S MS MS MS 16 S S MS 17 S... more Volume 13 (3): 233-241. www.electronicmarkets.org S S S 15 MS MS S 16 S S MS MS MS 16 S S MS 17 S S MS MS MS 17 S S MS 18 S S MS MS MS 18 S X MS 19 S X MS MS MS 19 S X MS 20 S X MS MS MS 20 S X MS
This paper describes the results of a laboratory experiment the purpose of which was to compare f... more This paper describes the results of a laboratory experiment the purpose of which was to compare from a human decision-maker's point of view the performance of the interactive methods for multicriterion optimization recently developed by Geoffrion and Benayoun et al. (STEP-method), and a simple trial-and-error procedure for solving the multiple criteria problem. All the methods were tested on a time-sharing
The curse of dimensionality is a well-recognized problem in the field of document filtering. In p... more The curse of dimensionality is a well-recognized problem in the field of document filtering. In particular, this concerns methods where vector space models are utilized to describe the document-concept space. When performing content classification across a variety of topics, the number of different concepts (dimensions) rapidly explodes and as a result many techniques are rendered inapplicable. Furthermore the extent of information represented by each of the concepts may vary significantly. In this paper, we present a dimensionality reduction approach which approximates the user's preferences in the form of value function and leads to a quick and efficient filtering procedure. The proposed system requires the user to provide preference information in the form of a training set in order to generate a search rule. Each document in the training set is profiled into a vector of concepts. The document profiling is accomplished by utilizing Wikipedia-articles to define the semantic information contained in words which allows them to be perceived as concepts. Once the set of concepts contained in the training set is known, a modified Wilks' lambda approach is used for dimensionality reduction by ensuring minimal loss of semantic information.
... mail: jteich@nmsu.edu Hannele Wallenius Department of Industrial Management, Helsinki Univers... more ... mail: jteich@nmsu.edu Hannele Wallenius Department of Industrial Management, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN 02150 Espoo, Finland E-mail: hannele.wallenius@hut.fi Jyrki Wallenius Center for Innovative Education ...
Ieee Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Oct 1, 2010
This paper suggests a preference-based methodology, which is embedded in an evolutionary multiobj... more This paper suggests a preference-based methodology, which is embedded in an evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm to lead a decision maker (DM) to the most preferred solution of her or his choice. The progress toward the most preferred solution is made by accepting preference based information progressively from the DM after every few generations of an evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm. This preference information is used to model a strictly monotone value function, which is used for the subsequent iterations of the evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) algorithm.
have proposed Value Efficiency Analysis as an approach to incorporate preference information in D... more have proposed Value Efficiency Analysis as an approach to incorporate preference information in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Generally, a value function includes only ordinal information and thus a value efficiency score does not provide information on the value difference. The score only describes the improvements in the input/output values that are needed in order to make the Decision-Making Unit (DMU) as preferred as the Most Preferred Solution (MPS). This Paper discusses two sets of additional assumptions that enable us to give the efficiency score a value difference interpretation.
ABSTRACT This paper provides an update on the state-of-the-art of Operations Research and its pra... more ABSTRACT This paper provides an update on the state-of-the-art of Operations Research and its practice in Finland. We cover academic Operations Research and applications. Furthermore, we discuss, as an example, the careers of Helsinki School of Economics OR/MS-graduates and their views on the usefulness of OR-education in Finland.
The use of robo-readers to analyze news texts is an emerging technology trend in computational fi... more The use of robo-readers to analyze news texts is an emerging technology trend in computational finance. In recent research, a substantial effort has been invested to develop sophisticated financial polarity-lexicons that can be used to investigate how financial sentiments relate to future company performance. However, based on experience from other fields, where sentiment analysis is commonly applied, it is well-known that the overall semantic orientation of a sentence may differ from the prior polarity of individual words. The objective of this article is to investigate how semantic orientations can be better detected in financial and economic news by accommodating the overall phrase-structure information and domain-specific use of language. Our three main contributions are: (1) establishment of a human-annotated finance phrase-bank, which can be used as benchmark for training and evaluating alternative models; (2) presentation of a technique to enhance financial lexicons with attributes that help to identify expected direction of events that affect overall sentiment; (3) development of a linearized phrasestructure model for detecting contextual semantic orientations in financial and economic news texts. The relevance of the newly added lexicon features and the benefit of using the proposed learning-algorithm are demonstrated in a comparative study against previously used general sentiment models as well as the popular word frequency models used in recent financial studies. The proposed framework is parsimonious and avoids the explosion in feature-space caused by the use This work has been partly supported by Emil Aaltonen Foundation and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation. of conventional n-gram features.
We consider a decision situation where there is an initial set of alternatives that may be augmen... more We consider a decision situation where there is an initial set of alternatives that may be augmented, a variant of the problem known in the literature as the "secretary problem". We focus the discussion on the special case of group decision-making, where a group or committee is charged with the responsibility of negotiating the decision. We investigate situations of explicitly stated (multiple) criteria and the simpler situation of no such stated criteria. The former case includes the congenial, the mixed, and the uncongenial cases, where the individuals agree on the direction of all, some, or none of the criteria, respectively. We offer a framework within which a group of individuals can be supported in such a decision process. In the case of explicit criteria, we provide the decision-makers with probability information of the likelihood of finding more preferred alternatives provided the initial set of alternatives is expanded. The framework is tested using a simulated real-world choice situation.
Fuels to be used in Accelerator Driven Systems dedicated to Minor Actinides transmutation can be ... more Fuels to be used in Accelerator Driven Systems dedicated to Minor Actinides transmutation can be described as highly innovative in comparison with those used in critical cores. Indeed, ADS fuels are not fertile, so as to improve the transmutation performance and they contain high volumetric concentrations (~50%) of minor actinides and plutonium compounds. This unusual fuel composition results in high gamma and neutron emissions during its fabrication, as well as degraded performances under irradiation. Ceramic-Ceramic and Ceramic Metallic composite fuels consisting of particles of (Pu,MA)O 2 phases dispersed in a magnesia or molybdenum matrix were investigated within the European Research programme for Transmutation, as driver fuels for a prospective 400MWth transmuter: the European Facility for Industrial Transmutation. Fuel performances and safety of preliminary core designs were evaluated to support the project. Out -of-pile as well as in-pile experiments were carried out to gain essential knowledge on properties and behaviour under irradiation of these types of fuel. This paper gives an overview of experimental results within the project.
Integrated Preference Functional (IPF) is a set functional that, given a discrete set of points f... more Integrated Preference Functional (IPF) is a set functional that, given a discrete set of points for a multiple objective optimization problem, assigns a numerical value to that point set. This value provides a quantitative measure for comparing different sets of points generated by solution procedures for difficult multiple objective optimization problems. We introduced the IPF for bi-criteria optimization problems in
Volume 13 (3): 233-241. www.electronicmarkets.org S S S 15 MS MS S 16 S S MS MS MS 16 S S MS 17 S... more Volume 13 (3): 233-241. www.electronicmarkets.org S S S 15 MS MS S 16 S S MS MS MS 16 S S MS 17 S S MS MS MS 17 S S MS 18 S S MS MS MS 18 S X MS 19 S X MS MS MS 19 S X MS 20 S X MS MS MS 20 S X MS
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