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Issue Population level changes in physical activity (PA) may benefit from policy intervention. In response to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, Wales introduced legislation (the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015) to... more
Issue Population level changes in physical activity (PA) may benefit from policy intervention. In response to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, Wales introduced legislation (the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015) to holistically improve health and well-being, including the translation of national policy into practice. This audit provides a case study approach that could be replicated by researchers in other countries to appraise the role of PA actions in national and sub-national policies. Description An audit of policies published by national and sub-national public bodies between 2015 and 2020 was conducted. The list of identified policies was reviewed by an external panel to act as a ?critical friend? to verify its inclusiveness. Content of the policies were extracted and synthesised to determine: (i) how many policies included a PA action; (ii) what the drivers of those policies were; (iii) the content of the PA actions; and (iv) how the PA actions aligned wi...
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Cardiovascular and haematological adaptations to endurance training facilitate greater maximal oxygen consumption (), and such adaptations may be augmented following puberty. Therefore, we compared left ventricular (LV) morphology... more
Cardiovascular and haematological adaptations to endurance training facilitate greater maximal oxygen consumption (), and such adaptations may be augmented following puberty. Therefore, we compared left ventricular (LV) morphology (echocardiography), blood volume, haemoglobin (Hb) mass (CO rebreathing) and in endurance‐trained and untrained boys (n = 42, age = 9.0–17.1 years, = 61.6 ± 7.2 ml/kg/min, and n = 31, age = 8.0–17.7 years, = 46.5 ± 6.1 ml/kg/min, respectively) and girls (n = 45, age = 8.2–17.0 years, = 51.4 ± 5.7 ml/kg/min, and n = 36, age = 8.0–17.6 years, = 39.8 ± 5.7 ml/kg/min, respectively). Pubertal stage was estimated via maturity offset, with participants classified as pre‐ or post‐peak height velocity (PHV). Pre‐PHV, only a larger LV end‐diastolic volume/lean body mass (EDV/LBM) for trained boys (+0.28 ml/kg LBM, P = 0.007) and a higher Hb mass/LBM for trained girls (+1.65 g/kg LBM, P = 0.007) were evident compared to untrained controls. Post‐PHV, LV mass/LBM (...
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Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes are commonly overweight and benefit from dietary and physical activity strategies aimed at decreasing body weight and hyperglycemia. Early insulin resistance can be estimated via the triglyceride... more
Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes are commonly overweight and benefit from dietary and physical activity strategies aimed at decreasing body weight and hyperglycemia. Early insulin resistance can be estimated via the triglyceride glucose index {TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) × fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl)/2]} and the hypertriglyceridemic-high waist phenotype (TyG-waist), based on TyG x waist circumference (WC) measurements. Both indices may be useful for implementing personalized metabolic management. In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), we aimed to determine whether the differences in baseline TyG values and TyG-waist phenotype predicted individual responses to type-2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs.Methods: The present post-hoc analyses were conducted within the Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the world (PREVIEW) study completers (n = 899), a multi-center RCT conducted in eight...
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AimTo compare the impact of two long‐term weight‐maintenance diets, a high protein (HP) and low glycaemic index (GI) diet versus a moderate protein (MP) and moderate GI diet, combined with either high intensity (HI) or moderate intensity... more
AimTo compare the impact of two long‐term weight‐maintenance diets, a high protein (HP) and low glycaemic index (GI) diet versus a moderate protein (MP) and moderate GI diet, combined with either high intensity (HI) or moderate intensity physical activity (PA), on the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) after rapid weight loss.Materials and MethodsA 3‐year multicentre randomized trial in eight countries using a 2 x 2 diet‐by‐PA factorial design was conducted. Eight‐week weight reduction was followed by a 3‐year randomized weight‐maintenance phase. In total, 2326 adults (age 25‐70 years, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) with prediabetes were enrolled. The primary endpoint was 3‐year incidence of T2D analysed by diet treatment. Secondary outcomes included glucose, insulin, HbA1c and body weight.ResultsThe total number of T2D cases was 62 and the cumulative incidence rate was 3.1%, with no significant differences between the two diets, PA or their combination. T2D incidence was similar acros...
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Purpose:To examine (1) associations between body fat percent (BF) and lifestyle behaviors in children aged 9–11 years and (2) the consistency of these associations over a 10-year period.Methods:In this repeat, cross-sectional study,... more
Purpose:To examine (1) associations between body fat percent (BF) and lifestyle behaviors in children aged 9–11 years and (2) the consistency of these associations over a 10-year period.Methods:In this repeat, cross-sectional study, 15,977 children aged 9–11 years completed an anthropometric assessment and the SportsLinx Lifestyle survey between 2004 and 2013. Body fat was estimated according to the sum of the triceps and subscapular skinfold measurements. Multilevel models were utilized to examine associations between BF and responses to the lifestyle survey while controlling for known covariates.Results:Lifestyle behaviors explained 8.6% of the total variance in body fat. Specifically, negative associations were found between BF and active transport to school ( β = −0.99 [0.19],P < .001), full-fat milk (−0.07 [0.15],P < .001), and sweetened beverage consumption (−0.40 [0.15],P = .007). Relative to the reference group of ≤8:00 PM, later bedtime was positively associated with ...
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Purpose Cardiometabolic risk, including arterial stiffness, is increasing in youth. Those with asthma are suggested to be particularly at risk of cardiovascular disease. Efficient and effective strategies are required to prevent the... more
Purpose Cardiometabolic risk, including arterial stiffness, is increasing in youth. Those with asthma are suggested to be particularly at risk of cardiovascular disease. Efficient and effective strategies are required to prevent the atherosclerotic process in youth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 months high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiometabolic risk in youth with and without asthma. Methods 65 adolescents (31 mild asthma; 34 non-asthma) were recruited, 32 (16 asthma) of whom were randomly allocated to receive HIIT three times per week for 6 months. At baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention and at a 3-month follow-up, anthropometric, metabolic and vascular determinants of cardiometabolic risk were assessed. Following principal component analysis (PCA), linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of asthma, HIIT and their interaction. Results Seven factors were identified which explained 88% of the common variance shared ...
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Purpose Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease associated with symptoms such as dyspnoea, tachycardia and tachypnea that may be related to changes in autonomic function and sensitive to improvement following inspiratory muscle... more
Purpose Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease associated with symptoms such as dyspnoea, tachycardia and tachypnea that may be related to changes in autonomic function and sensitive to improvement following inspiratory muscle training (IMT). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of IMT on heart rate variability (HRV) and respiratory function in children. Methods Five CF and five matched controls (40% boys) performed a 4-weeks IMT programme, involving 30 breaths, twice a day. Weeks 1–2 of training were set at 40% of a participant’s maximal strength index (S.Index), with week’s 3–4 set at 50%. Participants wore an ActiHeart for three consecutive days at baseline and post-intervention and indices of HRV were derived. Standard measures of lung function were obtained along with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the CF-specific questionnaire (CFQ-R). Results IMT elicited clinically meaningful increases in respiratory muscle strength and respiratory ...
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Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the modulatory roles of biological maturity and age on the predictors of performance in youth swimmers and their stability over a six-month training cycle. Methods In total, 28 swimmers (10... more
Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the modulatory roles of biological maturity and age on the predictors of performance in youth swimmers and their stability over a six-month training cycle. Methods In total, 28 swimmers (10 pre-pubertal [6 boys], 11.1 ± 1.8 years; 18 pubertal [8 boys], 15.2 ± 2.0 years old) and 26 untrained controls (15 pre-pubertal [10 boys], 9.7 ± 1.5 years; 11 pubertal [6 boys], 14.4 ± 0.5 years old) were recruited. At baseline, 3- and 6-months, participants completed an incremental ramp cycle test, isometric handgrip strength test and countermovement jumps, with speed assessed as a measure of performance in swimmers. Principle component analysis (PCA) identified factors that described youth swimmers’ physical profile, with linear mixed models subsequently used to determine their interaction with age and maturity on performance. Results Aerobic fitness and upper body strength were significantly higher in the trained participants, irrespective of matu...
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Background There is increasing availability of, and interest in, wearable activity trackers for children younger than 13 years. However, little is known about how children and parents use these activity trackers or perceive their... more
Background There is increasing availability of, and interest in, wearable activity trackers for children younger than 13 years. However, little is known about how children and parents use these activity trackers or perceive their acceptability. Objective This study primarily aimed to ascertain parental perspectives on the acceptability and usability of wearables designed to monitor children’s physical activity levels. Secondary aims were to (1) identify practical considerations for future use in physical activity interventions and promotion initiatives; (2) determine use of different features and functions incorporated into the accompanying app; and (3) identify parents’ awareness of their child’s current physical activity levels. Methods In total, 36 children (18 boys and 18 girls) aged 7-12 years were asked to wear a wrist-worn activity tracker (KidFit) for 4 consecutive weeks and to use the accompanying app with parental assistance and guidance. Each week, one parent from each fa...
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The influence of asthma on physical activity (PA) in youth remains equivocal. This review synthesizes the evidence regarding the influence of asthma on PA and sedentary time and evaluates the role of key moderators for this relationship.... more
The influence of asthma on physical activity (PA) in youth remains equivocal. This review synthesizes the evidence regarding the influence of asthma on PA and sedentary time and evaluates the role of key moderators for this relationship. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, six electronic databases and gray literature were searched. Primary studies in English were included if they reported device‐assessed PA in youth with and without asthma. Random effects meta‐analyses examined the effect of asthma on PA and, separately, sedentary time. Mixed‐effect meta‐regression analyses were conducted using age and sex as moderators, with sub‐group comparisons for study quality and asthma diagnosis criteria. Overall, of 3944 citations retrieved, 2850 were screened after the removal of supplication and 2743 citations excluded. Of the 107 full‐text publications reviewed, 16 were included in data extraction and analysis, with 15 and five studies included in the PA and sedentary time meta‐analyses...
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BackgroundPhysical activity levels are known to decline following hospitalisation for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). However, optimal physical activity promotion strategies are unclear. This study investigated the effect of a... more
BackgroundPhysical activity levels are known to decline following hospitalisation for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). However, optimal physical activity promotion strategies are unclear. This study investigated the effect of a web-based application (ActivOnline) in promoting physical activity in young pwCF.MethodsMulticentre randomised controlled trial with assessor blinding and qualitative evaluation. People with CF (12–35 years) admitted to hospital for a respiratory cause were eligible and randomised to the 12-week ActivOnline intervention (AO) or usual care (UC). The primary outcome was change in device-based time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from baseline to post-intervention. Follow-up was at 6 months from hospital discharge when qualitative evaluation was undertaken.Results107 participants were randomised to AO (n=52) or UC (n=55). Sixty-three participants (59%) contributed to the intention-to-treat analysis. Mean (SD) age was 21 (6) years (n=46,...
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OBJECTIVE To examine whether the effect of a 3-year lifestyle intervention on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors differs by prediabetes metabolic phenotype. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This post hoc analysis of the multicenter,... more
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the effect of a 3-year lifestyle intervention on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors differs by prediabetes metabolic phenotype. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This post hoc analysis of the multicenter, randomized trial, PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle interventions and population studies In Europe and around the World (PREVIEW), included 1,510 participants with prediabetes (BMI ≥25 kg ⋅ m−2; defined using oral glucose tolerance tests). Of these, 58% had isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG), 6% had isolated impaired glucose tolerance (iIGT), and 36% had IFG+IGT; 73% had normal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; <39 mmol ⋅ mol−1) and 25% had intermediate HbA1c (39–47 mmol ⋅ mol−1). Participants underwent an 8-week diet-induced rapid weight loss, followed by a 148-week lifestyle-based weight maintenance intervention. Linear mixed models adjusted for intervention arm and other confounders were used. RESULTS In the available-case and complete-case ...
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Background: Occupational sedentary time is the largest contributor to total weekday sitting time among office workers. Purpose: This feasibility study evaluated the effects of an individual-level intervention to target office workers... more
Background: Occupational sedentary time is the largest contributor to total weekday sitting time among office workers. Purpose: This feasibility study evaluated the effects of an individual-level intervention to target office workers total and prolonged sedentary behaviour during working hours, using an e-health smartphone application. Methods: A three-arm (Prompt-30 or 60 min Intervention arm and a No-Prompt Comparison arm), quasi-randomised intervention was conducted over 12 weeks. Behavioural outcomes (worktime sitting, standing, stepping, prolonged sitting, and physical activity) were monitored using accelerometers and anthropometrics measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Cardiometabolic measures were taken at baseline and 12 weeks. Results: Fifty-six office workers (64% female) completed baseline assessments. The Prompt-60 arm was associated with a reduction in occupational sitting time at 6 (-46.8 min/8 h workday [95% confidence interval = -86.4, -6.6], p < 0.05) and ...
Objective : The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and national lockdowns took away opportunities for children to be physically active. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on accelerometer-assessed... more
Objective : The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and national lockdowns took away opportunities for children to be physically active. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) in children in Wales. Methods : 800 participants (8–18 years old), stratified by sex, age, and socio-economic status, wore Axivity AX3 accelerometers for 7 days in February 2021, during the lockdown, and in May 2021, while in school. Raw accelerometer data were processed in R-package GGIR, and cut-point data, average acceleration (AvAcc), intensity gradient (IG), and MX metrics were extracted. Linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of time-point, sex, age, and SES on PA. Results : During lockdown, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was 38.4 ± 24.3 min/day; sedentary time was 849.4 ± 196.6 min/day. PA levels increased significantly upon return to school (all variables p < 0.001). While there were no sex differences during lockdown (p = 0.233), girls engaged in significantly less MVPA than boys once back in school (p < 0.001). Furthermore, boys had more favorable intensity profiles than girls (IG: p < 0.001), regardless of time-point. PA levels decreased with age at both time-points; upper secondary school (USS) girls were the least active group, with an average M30 of 195.2 mg (while in school). Conclusion : The lockdown affected boys more than girls, as reflected by the disappearance of the typical sex difference in PA levels during lockdown, although these were re-established on return to school. USS (especially girls) might need specific COVID-recovery intervention.
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Methods. Changing shapes for frequency distributions. Figure S1. A 3-d scatter plot (g-sphere) of static (orthogonal) tri-axial acceleration data. Figure S2. A spherical coordinateâ s visualization of (a) postural state plotted onto the... more
Methods. Changing shapes for frequency distributions. Figure S1. A 3-d scatter plot (g-sphere) of static (orthogonal) tri-axial acceleration data. Figure S2. A spherical coordinateâ s visualization of (a) postural state plotted onto the surface of a sphere in three-dimensional space, (b) points joined together in chronological order, (c) projecting the data outwards from the sphere according to other parameters. Figure S3. A spherical histogram (Dubai plot) visualization to depict frequent postural states. Figure S4. Histogram, Frequency shape (stacked), fixed shape (skittle) from urchin plots. Figure S5. G-urchin of skittle shape and stacked frequency urchins emitted from the centre of each facet of the sphere. Figure S6. Overview of user interface for a program in which spherical plots can be created. Figure S7. G-spheres and comparable g-urchins derived from a rod-mounted tri-axial accelerometer showing fly-fishing visualisations. (DOCX 5289 kb)
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Additional file 1. Overview of Interview Schedule (with prompts)
Evidence confirms few children engage in the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and highlights a decline in participation from around 5 to 7 years. Children spend approximately 40% of their waking hours... more
Evidence confirms few children engage in the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and highlights a decline in participation from around 5 to 7 years. Children spend approximately 40% of their waking hours at school and form early health behaviours in childhood; primary schools are therefore an important setting to promote physical activity. This systematic review was conducted to ascertain the effectiveness of school based physical activity interventions in 5–11 year old children.
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Pregnancy represents a potent stimulus to the cardiovascular system, eliciting significant hemodynamic adaptations. The factors that mediate these adaptations are largely unknown; whilst habitual PA does not influence resting cardiac... more
Pregnancy represents a potent stimulus to the cardiovascular system, eliciting significant hemodynamic adaptations. The factors that mediate these adaptations are largely unknown; whilst habitual PA does not influence resting cardiac function during pregnancy, whether it influences the hemodynamic adaptations observed during exercise is unclear. PURPOSE: This study sought to determine whether PA during pregnancy influences the antenatal cardiac response to acute exercise, assessed via heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV). METHODS: Twenty-three pregnant women participating in the ̳PE-CAMP‘ randomized controlled trial underwent physiological assessment at 34-36 weeks gestation. HR and SV were continuously recorded using the Task Force Hemodynamic Monitor during rest (5-min), during exercise on a cycle-ergometer at a workload equivalent to 40-60% HR reserve (15-min), and during post-exercise recovery (20-min). Antenatal PA levels were measured for seven consecutive days during T2 (18-22 weeks gestation) and T3 (34-36 weeks gestation), using a wrist-worn accelerometer. A two-step bootstrapped hierarchical regression model examined the influence of four predictor variables (age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and total PA volume (light, moderate and vigorous) in 2T and 3T on HR and SV. RESULTS: Regression analysis revealed significant influences on mean HR at exercise (R=.907; R=.823; F (3, 17)=8.147; p=.009) with PA-3T as strongest predictor (b=.133; p=.005); and on mean HR at recovery (R=.839; R=.704; F (3, 17)=4.154; p=.049) where PA-3T and BMI were significant predictors (b=.196; p=.007) and (b=1.887; p=.049) respectively. PA-3T was predictive of minimum HR at rest (b=.128; p=.041), as well as BMI was for minimum HR at recovery (b=1.739; p=.033). CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of PA in 3T increase HR values in the different stages of an exercise protocol. Whether this is a cardiac adaptation due to the pregnancy to higher PA levels needs further investigation; as generally a lower HR would have been expected as a result of an active lifestyle. Acknowledgement: This project is funded by the European Union‘s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 663830.
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The first aim was to develop a dynamic measure of physical competence that requires a participant to demonstrate fundamental, combined and complex movement skills, and for assessors to score both processes and products (Dragon Challenge;... more
The first aim was to develop a dynamic measure of physical competence that requires a participant to demonstrate fundamental, combined and complex movement skills, and for assessors to score both processes and products (Dragon Challenge; DC). The second aim was to assess the psychometric properties of the DC in 10-14 year old children. The first phase involved the development of the DC, including the review process that established face and content validity. The second phase used DC surveillance data (n=4,355; 10-12 years) to investigate construct validity. In the final phase, a convenience sample (n=50; 10-14 years) performed the DC twice (one-week interval), the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2), and the Stability Skills Assessment (SSA). This data was used to investigate concurrent validity, and test-retest, inter-rater and intra-rater reliability. In support of construct validity, boys (P < 0.001) and secondary school children (P < 0.001) obtained higher DC total ...
Research Interests: Psychology, Assessment, Medicine, Children, Measurement, and 11 moreConfirmatory factor analysis, Construct Validity, Reliability, Validity, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, Inter-rater reliability, Concurrent Validity, Rc, Medicine and Science In Sports and Exercise, Motor competence, and Physical Competence
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Introduction Exercise is widely accepted to improve health, reducing the risk of premature mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. However, several epidemiological studies suggest that the exercise-longevity relationship may... more
Introduction Exercise is widely accepted to improve health, reducing the risk of premature mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. However, several epidemiological studies suggest that the exercise-longevity relationship may be ‘J’ shaped; with elite athlete’s likely training above these intensity and volume thresholds. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to examine this relationship in former elite athletes. Methods 38,047 English language articles were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed and SportDiscus databases published after 1970, of which 44 and 24 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Athletes were split into three groups depending on primary sport: Endurance (END), Mixed/Team, or power (POW). Standard mortality ratio’s (SMR) and standard proportionate mortality ratio (SPMR) were obtained, or calculated, and combined for the meta-analysis. Results Athletes lived significantly longer than the general population (male SM...
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Background: Modulator therapy represents a significant step forward in CF care and is expected to have a significant impact on the health and mortality of many individuals with CF. Studies have predominantly explored the physiological... more
Background: Modulator therapy represents a significant step forward in CF care and is expected to have a significant impact on the health and mortality of many individuals with CF. Studies have predominantly explored the physiological effects of modulator therapy on clinical outcomes, with little consideration of the individual lived experience of modulator therapy among adults with Cystic Fibrosis. Methods: To explore this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 individuals currently taking Kaftrio, which were subsequently thematically analysed. Results: Three overarching themes were identified: (i) positive perception of Kaftrio, (ii) negative perception of Kaftrio, and (iii) the relationships with the clinical team. The experience of modulator therapy should be recognised as being unique to the individual, with perceptions of illness, self-identity, and outcomes strongly dictating the lived experience. Conclusions: There is a consensus that, while for many, the quality...
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This is the fourth Active Healthy Kids (AHK) Wales Report Card. The 2021 card produced grades on children and young people’s physical activity (PA) using pre-COVID-19 data that were not used in previous versions. Eleven quality indicators... more
This is the fourth Active Healthy Kids (AHK) Wales Report Card. The 2021 card produced grades on children and young people’s physical activity (PA) using pre-COVID-19 data that were not used in previous versions. Eleven quality indicators of PA were graded through expert consensus and synthesis of the best available evidence. Grades were assigned as follows: Overall PA—F; Organised Sport and PA—C; Active Play—C+; Active Transportation—C−; Sedentary Behaviours—F; Physical Fitness—C−; Family and Peer Influences—D+; School—B−; Community and the Built Environment—C; National Government and Policy—C; and Physical Literacy—C−. All but three grades remained the same or decreased from the 2018 AHK-Wales Report Card (Active Play increased from C− to C+; Active Transportation, D+ to C−; Family and Peers, D to D+). This is concerning for children’s health and well-being in Wales, particularly given recent evidence that PA has further decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results from the...
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Whilst participation in regular exercise and sport has generally increased over recent decades globally, fundamental questions remain regarding the influence of growth, maturation, and sex on the magnitude of training response throughout... more
Whilst participation in regular exercise and sport has generally increased over recent decades globally, fundamental questions remain regarding the influence of growth, maturation, and sex on the magnitude of training response throughout adolescence. Trained (108 participants, 43 girls; age: 14.3 ± 1.8 years) and untrained (108 participants, 43 girls; age: 14.7 ± 1.7 years) adolescents completed an incremental ramp test to exhaustion during which breath by gas exchange, beat-by-beat heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (Q·) and muscle deoxygenation were assessed. Device-based physical activity was also assessed over seven consecutive days. Boys, irrespective of training status, had a significantly higher absolute (2.65 ± 0.70 L min−1 vs. 2.01 ± 0.45 L min−1, p < 0.01) and allometrically scaled (183.8 ± 31.4 mL·kg−b min−1 vs. 146.5 ± 28.5 mL·kg−b min−1, p < 0.01) peak oxygen uptake (V·O2) than girls. There were no sex differences in peak HR, SV or Q· but boys ...
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The aim of this study was to compare the use of generic and cystic fibrosis (CF)-specific cut-points to assess movement behaviours in children and adolescents with CF. Physical activity (PA) was assessed for seven consecutive days using a... more
The aim of this study was to compare the use of generic and cystic fibrosis (CF)-specific cut-points to assess movement behaviours in children and adolescents with CF. Physical activity (PA) was assessed for seven consecutive days using a non-dominant wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X in 71 children and adolescents (36 girls; 13.5 ± 2.9 years) with mild CF. CF-specific and generic Euclidean norm minus one (ENMO) cut-points were used to determine sedentary time (SED), sleep, light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity. The effect of using a CF-specific or generic cut-point on the relationship between PA intensities and lung function was determined. Movement behaviours differed significantly according to the cut-point used, with the CF-specific cut-points resulting in less time asleep (−31.4 min; p < 0.01) and in LPA (−195.1 min; p < 0.001), and more SED and moderate-to-vigorous PA (159.3 and 67.1 min, respectively; both p < 0.0001) than t...
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This study sought to investigate the association of light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (SED), and sleep with lung function in children and adults with CF. In total, 86 children (41... more
This study sought to investigate the association of light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (SED), and sleep with lung function in children and adults with CF. In total, 86 children (41 females; 13.6 ± 2.8 years; FEV1%predicted: 86 ± 1%) and 43 adults (21 females; 24.6 ± 4.7 years; FEV1%predicted: 63 ± 21%) with CF participated in this study. Wrist-worn accelerometery was used to assess PA, SED and sleep. Compositional linear regression models were conducted following normalisation via isometric log-ratio transformations. Sequential binary partitioning was applied to investigate the impact of reallocating 10 to 30 min between each behaviour on FEV1%predicted. A decline in FEV1%predicted was predicted with the reallocation of 30 min from MVPA to SED or LPA or sleep to any other behaviour in children (−3.04–−0.005%) and adults (−3.58–−0.005%). Conversely, improvements in FEV1%predicted were predicted when 30 min was reallocated to M...