South Kalimantan is one of the provinces in Indonesia facing a high prevalence of stunting. Presi... more South Kalimantan is one of the provinces in Indonesia facing a high prevalence of stunting. Presidential Regulation No. 18 of 2020, which contains the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024, affirms that Regional Governments are among the implementers in reducing stunting to 14% by 2024. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct a nutrition policy analysis to identify and evaluate existing policies and suggest steps that can be taken to address the prevalence of stunting in South Kalimantan. This mixed-method study employed an ecological design with a quantitative approach. Quantitative data comprised secondary data from the most recent Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) documents that have been implemented, as well as other documents used as standard references. The research focused on specific nutrition intervention programs. Additionally, primary data were obtained through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with Health Offices across all districts/cities in South Kalimantan. The research location was South Kalimantan Province, with 13 districts/cities as research units. Program effectiveness and budget allocation were analyzed using the Spearman test (α=0.05). Correlation analysis among programs, involved Regional Government Organizations (OPDs), and budgets with stunting prevalence was necessary to assess the effectiveness of programs, OPDs, and budgets. Statistical analysis using Spearman correlation concluded that no significant relationship was found between the number of programs and budgets with stunting prevalence. Statistical analysis for the number of OPDs was not conducted as only one OPD was involved. There is no relationship between policy budgets and nutrition intervention programs contained in the district/city RPJMDs and the prevalence of stunting in districts/cities in South Kalimantan.
The postpartum period is characterized by significant physiological and psychological changes in ... more The postpartum period is characterized by significant physiological and psychological changes in mothers, including uterine involution, digestive system adjustments like diastasis recti, and emotional challenges such as stress and anxiety. While postpartum exercise is known to provide various benefits, many mothers lack awareness of its importance. This study aimed to educate postpartum mothers and evaluate the impact of postpartum exercise on uterine fundal height (UFH), lochia discharge, diastasis recti, and symptoms of baby blues. Using a quasi-experimental design with a comparative pre-post analysis, the study assessed the effects of postpartum gymnastics. Results indicated that mothers who did not participate in exercise experienced a more gradual decrease in UFH, with the most significant changes occurring on the 11th and 14th days. Lochia alba changes were noted on the 14th day, while the longest changes were observed on the 17th day. Diastasis recti measurements varied, with lengths ranging from 0.5 cm to 6 cm and widths from 0.25 cm to 2 cm. Baby blues assessment scores ranged from 0 to 18. Conversely, mothers who engaged in postpartum exercise showed a quicker reduction in UFH, with significant changes noted by day 6 and continuing through day 11. The transition to lochia alba occurred by day 13, with the longest changes noted by day 14. Diastasis recti measurements improved significantly, with some mothers reporting complete resolution (0 cm) in both length and width by the last measurement. Baby blues scores for exercising mothers ranged from 0 to 14. In conclusion, postpartum exercise effectively accelerates the recovery of UFH, promotes the transition to lochia alba, reduces diastasis recti, and helps mitigate baby blues symptoms. However, challenges such as limited communication and time constraints due to childcare responsibilities hindered participation in exercise programs.
Adolescent girls are vulnerable to nutrition related problems, ranging from anemia, chronic energ... more Adolescent girls are vulnerable to nutrition related problems, ranging from anemia, chronic energy deficiency, undernutrition and overnutrition. Organizations focused on adolescent girls can be involved through a model of mentoring to prevent nutritional issues among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of organization based mentoring on improving knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in preventing malnutrition in adolescent girls. The research design was a quasi experimental pre and post-test with control group. This study involved 196 adolescent girls who were divided into intervention and control groups. Respondents were selected based on specific criteria. The study was conducted for 10 weeks. Data were obtained through structured interviews. The data were analyzed using Independent T-test and paired t-test. The results showed that there was a difference between knowledge, attitude and behavior before and after the intervention between the treatment group and the control group with p < 0.05. There was a significant increase in knowledge, attitude and behavior in the intervention and control groups. Community organization-based mentoring proved to be effective in improving adolescent health. It is necessary to strengthen regulations concerning the role of community organizations, especially adolescents regarding adolescents, by providing structured/systematic assistance and education for vulnerable groups including adolescents.
One of the health problems that can cause stunting is anemia, a condition where the function of r... more One of the health problems that can cause stunting is anemia, a condition where the function of red blood cells (RBC) is impaired, leading to reduced oxygen transport and resulting in complications. Studies show high rates of iron deficiency and anemia among pregnant women in highland areas, especially in elderly or high-risk women. This study aims to understand the differences in behavior, eating, and drinking habits between adolescent girls in highland and lowland areas, and to explore how these habits relate to anemia, which can cause stunting. The study used a descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional design, with data from observations, interviews, questionnaires, and hemoglobin tests. Random sampling was used to gather data from 253 respondents, 105 from highland areas and 158 from lowland areas. SEM-PLS 4.0 was used to analyze the effects of tea and coffee consumption on hemoglobin levels. The results show that topography affects anemia rates in Indonesia, and that daily habits of eating vegetables, fruits, and drinking tea or coffee influence hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin levels in pregnant women increase the risk of stunting in newborns. The government can improve iron tablet distribution in highland areas by increasing health posts for adolescents.
Background: Fertility differentials arise due to socioeconomic status, education, ethnicity, reli... more Background: Fertility differentials arise due to socioeconomic status, education, ethnicity, religion, geographic location, and cultural beliefs. Fertility differentials are essential for understanding demographic trends and planning for resources, as they impact population growth, age structure, and economic development. In this study, different factors affecting fertility have been examined. Method: This study used primary data from the Kokrajhar and Udalguri districts, Assam. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed to collect the required data for the sample survey. Thus, 400 households comprising married reproductive women are selected as respondents. Binary logistic regression was carried out to examine the effect of different factors on fertility. Results: The results revealed that the women's age and education, work status, religion, breastfeeding, and infant or child death were the most significant variables explaining the variation in fertility differential. This shows that the odds of having more than 2 children decrease as women are more engaged in work. Similarly, the odds of women with primary education were 2.744 times higher than those of women with secondary or higher education. Furthermore, it is found that fertility is higher among women who had the death experience of an infant or child compared to those women with no such experience. Conclusion: The study reveals differences in fertility rates across various groups, influenced by education levels, economic status, employability, and other factors. The findings may lead to suggestions for tailored family planning, education, and healthcare programs that consider the unique characteristics of Kokrajhar and Udalguri, aiming to balance population growth and improve family well-being in these areas. These insights help inform local policymakers and healthcare providers about the need for targeted interventions to manage population growth sustainably. However, this study presents only two districts' scenarios, thus, generalization at the national level may not be possible, and further analysis of the remaining districts is needed to capture the overall scenario of fertility differential in Assam and the national level.
Background: Physical activity (PA) is widely recognized as a key factor in promoting healthy agin... more Background: Physical activity (PA) is widely recognized as a key factor in promoting healthy aging. However, Thailand's rapidly growing older adult population is experiencing high prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior, contributing to an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aims to assess the levels of PA and identify the factors influencing it among older adults with NCDs in this region. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2024, using multistage sampling to recruit 404 older adults. Data were collected through structured interviews and standardized assessment forms. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0, with results presented through descriptive statistics. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with PA, with p-values <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The study found that over one-third (39.1%) of participants reported low levels of PA, while only 23.5% engaged in high levels, with an average total PA of 1,286.5 MET-minutes per week. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed several factors significantly associated with PA, including age group (70–79 years: B = -481.68; over 79 years: B = -556.11, compared to the 60–69 years group), occupation category (general workers: B = 671.83; others: B = 1,073.80, compared to unemployed or retired individuals), higher personal income (B = 688.66), current alcohol consumption (B = 336.19), and self-rated health status (excellent: B = 905.42, compared to poor health). Conclusion: Older adults with NCDs exhibited low levels of PA, with significant associations observed between PA and factors such as age, occupation, income, alcohol consumption, and self-rated health status. These findings emphasize the importance of policymakers and healthcare providers taking these factors into account when designing strategies to encourage PA among older adults with NCDs. Tailored interventions will be essential to effectively meet the specific needs of this population.
The aim of the study was to assess the level of e-Health literacy among users of primary health c... more The aim of the study was to assess the level of e-Health literacy among users of primary health care. Materials and methods: Quantitative approach study, crosssectional descriptive design. The population consisted of users of primary health care located in the northern area of the city of Lima, Peru. The e-Health Literacy Scale (eHEALS) was used. Results: The study involved 400 subjects of both sexes, with a median age of 35 years (Q1=28, Q3=47, IQR=19, Min=18, Max=78). The median eHEALS scale score obtained by the respondents was 18 (Q1=14, Q3=22, IQR=8, Min=8, Max=40). A mere 18.2% (n=73) of health users demonstrated a high level of e-Health literacy. The e-Health literacy was significantly associated with educational level (p<0.001, 1-β=1, ω=0.41), frequency of internet access (p<0.001, 1-β=1, ω=0.51), and autonomy in the use of digital technology (p<0.001, 1-β=1, ω=0.40). The e-Health literacy was most strongly associated with possession of a university education (OR=12.662, IC95%: 0.962-523.566), frequency of Internet access [(OR=2.520, IC95%: 1.190-5.490), (OR=5.992, IC95%: 2.848-13.157)], and digital technology skills (OR=2.847, IC95%: 1.218-7.109). Conclusions: Low e-Health literacy is widespread among primary care users. However, the frequency of Internet access and the digital competence of individuals are the key factors in increasing the level of e-Health literacy among patients.
This study contributes to identifying factors that influence knowledge about healthy living behav... more This study contributes to identifying factors that influence knowledge about healthy living behaviors. This study used a correlational approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population included all semi-urban communities living in the Dayeuh Kolot Health Center working area. The sampling technique used was Convenience Sampling, with a total sample of 130 respondents who met the criteria: residents of the Dayeuh Kolot Health Center working area, over 18 years old, and willing to become respondents. The results of the factor analysis showed that demographic factors, which include gender and occupation, contributed 9.379% to the total variance. Variables with higher loading values, such as gender with a value of 0.840, showed a significant contribution to healthy behavior. In addition, external and internal factors contributed the most, at 33.757% of the total variance, where health workers play an important component in promoting healthy behaviors in the community. Entity factors, which contributed 14.874% to the total variance, included age as a key variable influencing the adoption of healthy behaviors. Overall, this study underscores the importance of demographic, external, and internal variables in shaping the healthy behaviors of semi-urban communities.
The study aims to analyze the research trends, collaborative networks, and evolving themes in par... more The study aims to analyze the research trends, collaborative networks, and evolving themes in parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) communication research from 2010 to 2024. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. The search, completed on May 23, 2024, used the terms "parent-adolescent communication" and "sexual and reproductive health" as search criteria. We identified 29 documents and exported the data in RIS format for analysis. VOSviewer software was employed to visualize co-authorship networks, keyword trends, and research hotspots. The analysis revealed significant shifts in research focus over time, from communication dynamics in 2019 to a stronger emphasis on adolescent SRH issues by 2020. Key research areas included public health, paediatrics, and psychology, with notable contributions from institutions such as Bahir Dar University, The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (USA), and Makerere University. Collaborative networks identified highly active research groups, with researchers like Kemigisha E and Nyakato VN playing central roles. Keyword trends indicated a growing interest in topics such as HIV prevention, mental health, and adolescent risk behaviours. This study highlights the dynamic nature of parent-adolescent SRH communication research, emphasizing the importance of addressing evolving SRH challenges. Despite its reliance on a single database, the analysis provides valuable insights into research trends and collaborations. Future studies should incorporate multiple databases and broader publication types to enhance understanding and support effective policy development.
With advancing age comes a decline in physical and cognitive health, often resulting in increased... more With advancing age comes a decline in physical and cognitive health, often resulting in increased dependency among older individuals. Rapid urbanization has led to a growing reliance on old-age homes for support and care. However, the health profiles of the individuals in these facilities raise significant concerns that require careful attention. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic and health characteristics of residents in old age homes and identify the factors that influence disease morbidity among them. A retrospective analysis was conducted using data collected from health screening activities held across various old-age homes in the district. Information regarding demographic features, lifestyle habits, disease prevalence, and blood parameters was collected and analyzed using SPSS 15.0. Results are presented as frequencies and proportions. Analysis of data from 268 residents revealed that 52.9% were female. One in four older adults had more than one chronic morbidity, while 7.5% had three or more comorbidities. Hypertension was prevalent in 40.3% of residents, and diabetes mellitus affected 25.4%. Males exhibited a higher prevalence of smoking and alcohol use compared to females (p<0.001). The findings underscore the importance of regular screening activities to diagnose common morbidities among older adults in the community, followed by appropriate treatment and ongoing follow-up. These measures are crucial for enhancing the overall health and well-being of this vulnerable population.
Gestational diabetes, a condition diagnosed during pregnancy, leads to carbohydrate intolerance i... more Gestational diabetes, a condition diagnosed during pregnancy, leads to carbohydrate intolerance in most affected women. However, this intolerance typically resolves postpartum. It is crucial for the diet of pregnant women with gestational diabetes to meet both their nutritional needs and those of their developing fetus. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of dietary patterns among pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and to examine the association between their knowledge levels and socio-demographic variables. Methodology: This study employs a quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental design. Sixty participants with maternal diabetes mellitus in selected areas of Pune city, meeting specific inclusion criteria-pregnant women with GDM aged 18 to 45 who can read and write and are willing to participate-were selected. Exclusion criteria included conditions such as hypertension, thyroid disorders, anemia, mental illness, and chronic illnesses. Data were gathered using a self-structured questionnaire and convenience sampling. Result: The study investigated the correlation between knowledge levels on dietary patterns and socio-demographic factors among pregnant women with GDM. Chi-square analysis revealed no significant association between demographic variables and knowledge scores, except for one demographic variable where the chi-square value was less than the table value at a 0.05 significance level, leading to the rejection of the test hypothesis. For other variables, the p-value was greater than 0.05, indicating no significant association. Conclusion: The study concluded that most women with GDM have poor awareness of appropriate dietary patterns. This highlights the need for enhanced educational interventions to improve dietary knowledge among this group.
Objective: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted thro... more Objective: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is a health problem in Indonesia where the number of sufferers tends to increase and its distribution is becoming more widespread. One of the factors causing this dengue fever incident is that 3M Plus has not been implemented by the community. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between 3M Plus and the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in work area of Sewo Health Center, Soppeng Regency. Method: The research uses quantitative research methods with an experimental design. The sampling technique used proportionate stratified random sampling with a sample of 96 people. Result: The results of the research show that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables, namely (p-value = 0.045), sprinkling abate powder (p-value = 0.016), closing water reservoirs (p-value = 0.011), recycling used goods (p-value = 0.029), using mosquito nets (p-value = 0.045), using mosquito repellent (p-value = 0.022) on the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the Working Area Sewo Health Center, Soppeng Regency. Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is a significant relationship between 3M Plus actions and the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the Working Area of Sewo Health Center. Suggestions for the Community Health Center are that there is a need for outreach regarding how to prevent dengue fever in the local community as well as outreach about the 3M Plus program.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of the SUPER Rugby Program in en... more This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of the SUPER Rugby Program in enhancing youth athletes' self-efficacy, mental skills, emotional management, and rugby-specific skills. The program implemented as an eight-week intervention, integrated rugby-specific training with mental and emotional skill development. The study objectives included examining participant engagement, learning outcomes, and program applicability, as well as analysing pre-and post-test results for both experimental and control groups. Utilizing a randomized experimental design, the research involved 30 male youth rugby players aged 13-15, evenly assigned to experimental and control groups. Assessment tools comprised the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES), Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool-3 (OMSAT-3), Life Skills Transfer Survey (LSTS), and rugby skill evaluations. Results demonstrated that participants in the experimental group experienced statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy (t = -33.23, p < 0.001), mental skills (t = -58.92, p = 0.001), emotional management (t = -8.08, p < 0.001), and rugby-specific skills (t = -20.03, p < 0.001) compared to the control group. While some participants noted variability in enjoyment and the quality of program presentation, high levels of learning and practical application of acquired skills were reported. In conclusion, the SUPER Rugby Program effectively enhanced both the physical and psychological competencies of youth athletes. Future studies should investigate the program's long-term impact and consider refining its visual and instructional components to further improve participant engagement and overall enjoyment.
Purpose: Injuries to the orofacial region are very common experiences during sports in teens and ... more Purpose: Injuries to the orofacial region are very common experiences during sports in teens and adults. This paper emphasizes on prevalence of dental injuries in the course of sporting actions, functions of mouth guards in prevention of sports injury, properties and types of mouth guards. The development of abilities for processing biological and sports-pedagogical information for masters of physical education and sports is a pressing need in higher education. The article's goal is to raise the theoretical and practical proficiency in statistical data processing among masters of physical education and sports by using the test of the normal law of distribution hypothesis for observed values as an example. Methodology: Researching, assessing, organizing professional and scientific literature, extrapolating knowledge from science, education, and realworld experience, and conducting pedagogical experiments are some of the techniques employed in the research process. The pressure-laminated mouth guard, a customfabricated type, is the most satisfactory when compared with other types of mouth guards. Therefore, it is important to endorse the use of mouth guards to safeguard the smile. Contribution and Advice: Mouth guards are a valuable instrument for sports injuries, and their application in biomedical and sports-pedagogical research guarantees the advancement of the sports sciences. It demonstrates the various types of mouth guards and its implication and its use in dental field to avoid any injuries.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the student's acceptance of an android-based app... more This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the student's acceptance of an android-based application developed for independent karate kata training. The study is the evaluation phase of a research and development study that follows the ADDIE approach. To conduct the evaluation, two experts, content and media quality experts, assessed the feasibility of the application. Besides, participants from the karate extracurricular program at Medan 9 Methodist Private Middle School in Medan City gauged students' acceptance. The researchers collected the study data using questionnaires, with responses analyzed quantitatively. The content expert's assessment showed that the application is highly feasible, indicating that the learning materials are appropriate for karate kata training. The media quality expert also confirmed that the application meets all necessary criteria for an effective learning tool. Moreover, the evaluation using the Technology Acceptance Model revealed that students found the application useful and easy to use, which encouraged their intention to use it for learning karate kata. In conclusion, the study revealed that the Android-based application is a viable and well-received tool for karate kata training.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
Futsal athletes need overall excellent physical condition, specifically, speed and lower body str... more Futsal athletes need overall excellent physical condition, specifically, speed and lower body strength are the dominant components used in futsal games. However, unfortunately, often these components are not in prime condition because the training methods used to improve these components tend to be monotonous. Various physical training methods have been proven to have a positive effect on increasing the speed and strength of athletes' lower bodies, one of which is the contrast training method. This study aims to examine the impact of the contrast training method on the speed and lower body strength of futsal athletes. The research method used is an experimental method using a pretest-posttest control group design, where the experimental group is given the contrast training method and the control group is given the conventional method. A total of 20 female futsal athletes were involved as subjects of this research who were given training program for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). The instruments used in this research were the 20-meter sprint test to measure speed and the 1 maximum repetition squat test to measure lower body strength. The t-test was used in this research for data analysis. The research results showed a significant effect of the contrast training method on the speed and lower body strength of futsal athletes, while conventional training methods did not have a considerable impact. However, both groups experienced an increase in ability, where the experimental group experienced an increase in speed of 3.21% and lower body strength of 3.67%, while the control group only experienced an increase in speed of 0.06% and lower body strength of 0.2%. This research concludes that the contrast training method is scientifically proven to be able to provide a significant increase in the speed and lower body strength of futsal athletes. So, we recommend using the contrast training method in the training process for futsal athletes because it has been proven to provide positive benefits.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
This study investigates the effectiveness of exercise-based rehabilitation protocols for anterior... more This study investigates the effectiveness of exercise-based rehabilitation protocols for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) patients within the Chinese healthcare system, addressing the rising need for evidence-based recovery interventions tailored to diverse patient needs. ACL injuries are among the most prevalent sports-related injuries, often leading to prolonged recovery times and a significant risk of re-injury. Despite advancements in surgical techniques, optimized rehabilitation remains crucial for restoring knee function and preventing long-term complications. This research focuses on assessing the impact of specific rehabilitation exercises on key parameters such as muscle strength, proprioception, functional stability, range of motion (ROM), pain relief, and re-injury risk reduction. The study involved a comparative analysis of rehabilitation outcomes among patients receiving a combination of targeted exercises, such as Nordic hamstring exercises, aquatic therapy, suspension training, and eccentric isokinetic training, versus those undergoing electrotherapy alone. Clinical assessments utilized the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, alongside measurements of muscle strength and ROM. Patients undergoing combination therapies demonstrated superior recovery outcomes, achieving IKDC scores of 80 and flexor strength increases exceeding 200 N, compared to the electrotherapy-only group. Suspension training emerged as particularly effective in enhancing functional stability and facilitating a safe return to play, while eccentric kinetic exercises improved ROM and significantly mitigated pain and re-injury risk. The findings underscore the importance of integrating targeted exercise-based rehabilitation into ACL recovery protocols, highlighting its potential to improve clinical outcomes and patient quality of life. This study contributes to the field by presenting evidence-based recommendations for optimized ACL rehabilitation strategies, emphasizing the role of multimodal therapies. However, limitations include the absence of long-term follow-up data and the need for larger, more diverse cohorts. Future research should address these gaps to validate findings further. Practical and social implications suggest that adopting such strategies could reduce healthcare costs and enhance recovery outcomes within resource-constrained healthcare systems like China's.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
The growing prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, especially among adolescents, presents serious hea... more The growing prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, especially among adolescents, presents serious health concerns, including obesity, heart disease, and cognitive impairment. This study investigates the effectiveness of a physical literacy model based on traditional games in decreasing sedentary lifestyle in adolescents aged 12 to 16. A quasi-experimental design was used, with 238 participants divided into two groups: an experimental group that participated in traditional games for 12 weeks, and a control group that adhered to the standard physical education curriculum. Data were collected using the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) and analyzed using independent t-tests and paired sample t-tests. The results showed a significant reduction in sedentary time among the experimental group, with an average decrease from 329.50 minutes in the pre-test to 219.50 minutes in the post-test. In contrast, the control group showed minimal change. These findings highlight the potential of traditional games to reduce sedentary lifestyle and improve physical, cognitive, and social skills. The study suggests that incorporating traditional games into physical education curricula could be an effective strategy for promoting active lifestyles among adolescents. Future studies should consider larger and more diverse samples to generalize the findings and explore additional benefits of traditional games.
Graph theory plays a crucial role in understanding the structural properties of molecular and net... more Graph theory plays a crucial role in understanding the structural properties of molecular and network systems. One of the significant topological indices used in this domain is the second Hyper-Zagreb index (HM2(G)), which is computed by summing the degrees of adjacent vertices x and y in a molecular graph and squaring the result. This index provides valuable insights into the graph’s complexity and has chemistry, physics, and network analysis applications. Another important concept in graph theory is the Roman dominating number (RDN), defined as a function g : X(G) → {0, 1, 2}, where X(G) is the set of vertices. The RDN must satisfy the condition that for every vertex y with g(y) = 0, there exists an adjacent vertex x with g(x) = 2, ensuring that all vertices are strategically covered. The RDN, denoted by ΓR(G), is the minimum total weight assigned by the RDN across all vertices and is critical for optimizing network security, resource allocation, and fault tolerance in various systems. This paper aims to bridge the gap between these two areas by establishing a lower bound on the HM2(T) characterized by m vertices and their corresponding ΓR(T). Our findings reveal new insights into the interplay between these graph parameters, offering enhanced tools for precise analysis in molecular chemistry and theoretical network sciences. The derived bounds have significant implications for improving the design and resilience of complex systems, particularly in scenarios where efficient resource deployment and stability are paramount. Future research may extend these methods to broader classes of graphs, thereby further expanding their applicability in real-world contexts.
In this paper, we study the rate of occurrence of the non-homogeneous Poisson process by introduc... more In this paper, we study the rate of occurrence of the non-homogeneous Poisson process by introducing the Gompertz-Makeham distribution as a rate of occurrence, known as the Gompertz-Makeham Process (GMP). To estimate parameters of this process, we propose the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) and introduce a modification to address its limitations in finding accurate estimators. The modified method, referred to as the Modified Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MMLE), employs an intelligent algorithm for the likelihood function to improve its performance. We compare the results of MMLE with another intelligent method, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to identify the most effective estimator for the rate of occurrence of the proposed Gompertz-Makeham process. Additionally, this paper includes a simulation study of the process and presents a practical application. By utilizing the MMLE and PSO algorithms, we seek to provide accurate parameter estimation for the Gompertz-Makeham process, thereby enhancing its applicability in diverse domains such as mortality modeling, reliability analysis, and disease progression studies. The comparative analysis between MMLE and PSO offers valuable insights into the performance and effectiveness of intelligent algorithms in estimating the rate of occurrence for NHPP processes. Applied to a real data application, it studies operating periods in days between two successive stops for the raw materials factory from the General Company for Northern Cement / Badoush Cement Factory and estimates the rate for the number of stops for the factory for the period time from 1st April 2020 to 1st January 2022.
South Kalimantan is one of the provinces in Indonesia facing a high prevalence of stunting. Presi... more South Kalimantan is one of the provinces in Indonesia facing a high prevalence of stunting. Presidential Regulation No. 18 of 2020, which contains the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024, affirms that Regional Governments are among the implementers in reducing stunting to 14% by 2024. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct a nutrition policy analysis to identify and evaluate existing policies and suggest steps that can be taken to address the prevalence of stunting in South Kalimantan. This mixed-method study employed an ecological design with a quantitative approach. Quantitative data comprised secondary data from the most recent Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) documents that have been implemented, as well as other documents used as standard references. The research focused on specific nutrition intervention programs. Additionally, primary data were obtained through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with Health Offices across all districts/cities in South Kalimantan. The research location was South Kalimantan Province, with 13 districts/cities as research units. Program effectiveness and budget allocation were analyzed using the Spearman test (α=0.05). Correlation analysis among programs, involved Regional Government Organizations (OPDs), and budgets with stunting prevalence was necessary to assess the effectiveness of programs, OPDs, and budgets. Statistical analysis using Spearman correlation concluded that no significant relationship was found between the number of programs and budgets with stunting prevalence. Statistical analysis for the number of OPDs was not conducted as only one OPD was involved. There is no relationship between policy budgets and nutrition intervention programs contained in the district/city RPJMDs and the prevalence of stunting in districts/cities in South Kalimantan.
The postpartum period is characterized by significant physiological and psychological changes in ... more The postpartum period is characterized by significant physiological and psychological changes in mothers, including uterine involution, digestive system adjustments like diastasis recti, and emotional challenges such as stress and anxiety. While postpartum exercise is known to provide various benefits, many mothers lack awareness of its importance. This study aimed to educate postpartum mothers and evaluate the impact of postpartum exercise on uterine fundal height (UFH), lochia discharge, diastasis recti, and symptoms of baby blues. Using a quasi-experimental design with a comparative pre-post analysis, the study assessed the effects of postpartum gymnastics. Results indicated that mothers who did not participate in exercise experienced a more gradual decrease in UFH, with the most significant changes occurring on the 11th and 14th days. Lochia alba changes were noted on the 14th day, while the longest changes were observed on the 17th day. Diastasis recti measurements varied, with lengths ranging from 0.5 cm to 6 cm and widths from 0.25 cm to 2 cm. Baby blues assessment scores ranged from 0 to 18. Conversely, mothers who engaged in postpartum exercise showed a quicker reduction in UFH, with significant changes noted by day 6 and continuing through day 11. The transition to lochia alba occurred by day 13, with the longest changes noted by day 14. Diastasis recti measurements improved significantly, with some mothers reporting complete resolution (0 cm) in both length and width by the last measurement. Baby blues scores for exercising mothers ranged from 0 to 14. In conclusion, postpartum exercise effectively accelerates the recovery of UFH, promotes the transition to lochia alba, reduces diastasis recti, and helps mitigate baby blues symptoms. However, challenges such as limited communication and time constraints due to childcare responsibilities hindered participation in exercise programs.
Adolescent girls are vulnerable to nutrition related problems, ranging from anemia, chronic energ... more Adolescent girls are vulnerable to nutrition related problems, ranging from anemia, chronic energy deficiency, undernutrition and overnutrition. Organizations focused on adolescent girls can be involved through a model of mentoring to prevent nutritional issues among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of organization based mentoring on improving knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in preventing malnutrition in adolescent girls. The research design was a quasi experimental pre and post-test with control group. This study involved 196 adolescent girls who were divided into intervention and control groups. Respondents were selected based on specific criteria. The study was conducted for 10 weeks. Data were obtained through structured interviews. The data were analyzed using Independent T-test and paired t-test. The results showed that there was a difference between knowledge, attitude and behavior before and after the intervention between the treatment group and the control group with p < 0.05. There was a significant increase in knowledge, attitude and behavior in the intervention and control groups. Community organization-based mentoring proved to be effective in improving adolescent health. It is necessary to strengthen regulations concerning the role of community organizations, especially adolescents regarding adolescents, by providing structured/systematic assistance and education for vulnerable groups including adolescents.
One of the health problems that can cause stunting is anemia, a condition where the function of r... more One of the health problems that can cause stunting is anemia, a condition where the function of red blood cells (RBC) is impaired, leading to reduced oxygen transport and resulting in complications. Studies show high rates of iron deficiency and anemia among pregnant women in highland areas, especially in elderly or high-risk women. This study aims to understand the differences in behavior, eating, and drinking habits between adolescent girls in highland and lowland areas, and to explore how these habits relate to anemia, which can cause stunting. The study used a descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional design, with data from observations, interviews, questionnaires, and hemoglobin tests. Random sampling was used to gather data from 253 respondents, 105 from highland areas and 158 from lowland areas. SEM-PLS 4.0 was used to analyze the effects of tea and coffee consumption on hemoglobin levels. The results show that topography affects anemia rates in Indonesia, and that daily habits of eating vegetables, fruits, and drinking tea or coffee influence hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin levels in pregnant women increase the risk of stunting in newborns. The government can improve iron tablet distribution in highland areas by increasing health posts for adolescents.
Background: Fertility differentials arise due to socioeconomic status, education, ethnicity, reli... more Background: Fertility differentials arise due to socioeconomic status, education, ethnicity, religion, geographic location, and cultural beliefs. Fertility differentials are essential for understanding demographic trends and planning for resources, as they impact population growth, age structure, and economic development. In this study, different factors affecting fertility have been examined. Method: This study used primary data from the Kokrajhar and Udalguri districts, Assam. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed to collect the required data for the sample survey. Thus, 400 households comprising married reproductive women are selected as respondents. Binary logistic regression was carried out to examine the effect of different factors on fertility. Results: The results revealed that the women's age and education, work status, religion, breastfeeding, and infant or child death were the most significant variables explaining the variation in fertility differential. This shows that the odds of having more than 2 children decrease as women are more engaged in work. Similarly, the odds of women with primary education were 2.744 times higher than those of women with secondary or higher education. Furthermore, it is found that fertility is higher among women who had the death experience of an infant or child compared to those women with no such experience. Conclusion: The study reveals differences in fertility rates across various groups, influenced by education levels, economic status, employability, and other factors. The findings may lead to suggestions for tailored family planning, education, and healthcare programs that consider the unique characteristics of Kokrajhar and Udalguri, aiming to balance population growth and improve family well-being in these areas. These insights help inform local policymakers and healthcare providers about the need for targeted interventions to manage population growth sustainably. However, this study presents only two districts' scenarios, thus, generalization at the national level may not be possible, and further analysis of the remaining districts is needed to capture the overall scenario of fertility differential in Assam and the national level.
Background: Physical activity (PA) is widely recognized as a key factor in promoting healthy agin... more Background: Physical activity (PA) is widely recognized as a key factor in promoting healthy aging. However, Thailand's rapidly growing older adult population is experiencing high prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior, contributing to an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aims to assess the levels of PA and identify the factors influencing it among older adults with NCDs in this region. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2024, using multistage sampling to recruit 404 older adults. Data were collected through structured interviews and standardized assessment forms. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0, with results presented through descriptive statistics. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with PA, with p-values <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The study found that over one-third (39.1%) of participants reported low levels of PA, while only 23.5% engaged in high levels, with an average total PA of 1,286.5 MET-minutes per week. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed several factors significantly associated with PA, including age group (70–79 years: B = -481.68; over 79 years: B = -556.11, compared to the 60–69 years group), occupation category (general workers: B = 671.83; others: B = 1,073.80, compared to unemployed or retired individuals), higher personal income (B = 688.66), current alcohol consumption (B = 336.19), and self-rated health status (excellent: B = 905.42, compared to poor health). Conclusion: Older adults with NCDs exhibited low levels of PA, with significant associations observed between PA and factors such as age, occupation, income, alcohol consumption, and self-rated health status. These findings emphasize the importance of policymakers and healthcare providers taking these factors into account when designing strategies to encourage PA among older adults with NCDs. Tailored interventions will be essential to effectively meet the specific needs of this population.
The aim of the study was to assess the level of e-Health literacy among users of primary health c... more The aim of the study was to assess the level of e-Health literacy among users of primary health care. Materials and methods: Quantitative approach study, crosssectional descriptive design. The population consisted of users of primary health care located in the northern area of the city of Lima, Peru. The e-Health Literacy Scale (eHEALS) was used. Results: The study involved 400 subjects of both sexes, with a median age of 35 years (Q1=28, Q3=47, IQR=19, Min=18, Max=78). The median eHEALS scale score obtained by the respondents was 18 (Q1=14, Q3=22, IQR=8, Min=8, Max=40). A mere 18.2% (n=73) of health users demonstrated a high level of e-Health literacy. The e-Health literacy was significantly associated with educational level (p<0.001, 1-β=1, ω=0.41), frequency of internet access (p<0.001, 1-β=1, ω=0.51), and autonomy in the use of digital technology (p<0.001, 1-β=1, ω=0.40). The e-Health literacy was most strongly associated with possession of a university education (OR=12.662, IC95%: 0.962-523.566), frequency of Internet access [(OR=2.520, IC95%: 1.190-5.490), (OR=5.992, IC95%: 2.848-13.157)], and digital technology skills (OR=2.847, IC95%: 1.218-7.109). Conclusions: Low e-Health literacy is widespread among primary care users. However, the frequency of Internet access and the digital competence of individuals are the key factors in increasing the level of e-Health literacy among patients.
This study contributes to identifying factors that influence knowledge about healthy living behav... more This study contributes to identifying factors that influence knowledge about healthy living behaviors. This study used a correlational approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population included all semi-urban communities living in the Dayeuh Kolot Health Center working area. The sampling technique used was Convenience Sampling, with a total sample of 130 respondents who met the criteria: residents of the Dayeuh Kolot Health Center working area, over 18 years old, and willing to become respondents. The results of the factor analysis showed that demographic factors, which include gender and occupation, contributed 9.379% to the total variance. Variables with higher loading values, such as gender with a value of 0.840, showed a significant contribution to healthy behavior. In addition, external and internal factors contributed the most, at 33.757% of the total variance, where health workers play an important component in promoting healthy behaviors in the community. Entity factors, which contributed 14.874% to the total variance, included age as a key variable influencing the adoption of healthy behaviors. Overall, this study underscores the importance of demographic, external, and internal variables in shaping the healthy behaviors of semi-urban communities.
The study aims to analyze the research trends, collaborative networks, and evolving themes in par... more The study aims to analyze the research trends, collaborative networks, and evolving themes in parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) communication research from 2010 to 2024. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. The search, completed on May 23, 2024, used the terms "parent-adolescent communication" and "sexual and reproductive health" as search criteria. We identified 29 documents and exported the data in RIS format for analysis. VOSviewer software was employed to visualize co-authorship networks, keyword trends, and research hotspots. The analysis revealed significant shifts in research focus over time, from communication dynamics in 2019 to a stronger emphasis on adolescent SRH issues by 2020. Key research areas included public health, paediatrics, and psychology, with notable contributions from institutions such as Bahir Dar University, The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (USA), and Makerere University. Collaborative networks identified highly active research groups, with researchers like Kemigisha E and Nyakato VN playing central roles. Keyword trends indicated a growing interest in topics such as HIV prevention, mental health, and adolescent risk behaviours. This study highlights the dynamic nature of parent-adolescent SRH communication research, emphasizing the importance of addressing evolving SRH challenges. Despite its reliance on a single database, the analysis provides valuable insights into research trends and collaborations. Future studies should incorporate multiple databases and broader publication types to enhance understanding and support effective policy development.
With advancing age comes a decline in physical and cognitive health, often resulting in increased... more With advancing age comes a decline in physical and cognitive health, often resulting in increased dependency among older individuals. Rapid urbanization has led to a growing reliance on old-age homes for support and care. However, the health profiles of the individuals in these facilities raise significant concerns that require careful attention. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic and health characteristics of residents in old age homes and identify the factors that influence disease morbidity among them. A retrospective analysis was conducted using data collected from health screening activities held across various old-age homes in the district. Information regarding demographic features, lifestyle habits, disease prevalence, and blood parameters was collected and analyzed using SPSS 15.0. Results are presented as frequencies and proportions. Analysis of data from 268 residents revealed that 52.9% were female. One in four older adults had more than one chronic morbidity, while 7.5% had three or more comorbidities. Hypertension was prevalent in 40.3% of residents, and diabetes mellitus affected 25.4%. Males exhibited a higher prevalence of smoking and alcohol use compared to females (p<0.001). The findings underscore the importance of regular screening activities to diagnose common morbidities among older adults in the community, followed by appropriate treatment and ongoing follow-up. These measures are crucial for enhancing the overall health and well-being of this vulnerable population.
Gestational diabetes, a condition diagnosed during pregnancy, leads to carbohydrate intolerance i... more Gestational diabetes, a condition diagnosed during pregnancy, leads to carbohydrate intolerance in most affected women. However, this intolerance typically resolves postpartum. It is crucial for the diet of pregnant women with gestational diabetes to meet both their nutritional needs and those of their developing fetus. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of dietary patterns among pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and to examine the association between their knowledge levels and socio-demographic variables. Methodology: This study employs a quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental design. Sixty participants with maternal diabetes mellitus in selected areas of Pune city, meeting specific inclusion criteria-pregnant women with GDM aged 18 to 45 who can read and write and are willing to participate-were selected. Exclusion criteria included conditions such as hypertension, thyroid disorders, anemia, mental illness, and chronic illnesses. Data were gathered using a self-structured questionnaire and convenience sampling. Result: The study investigated the correlation between knowledge levels on dietary patterns and socio-demographic factors among pregnant women with GDM. Chi-square analysis revealed no significant association between demographic variables and knowledge scores, except for one demographic variable where the chi-square value was less than the table value at a 0.05 significance level, leading to the rejection of the test hypothesis. For other variables, the p-value was greater than 0.05, indicating no significant association. Conclusion: The study concluded that most women with GDM have poor awareness of appropriate dietary patterns. This highlights the need for enhanced educational interventions to improve dietary knowledge among this group.
Objective: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted thro... more Objective: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is a health problem in Indonesia where the number of sufferers tends to increase and its distribution is becoming more widespread. One of the factors causing this dengue fever incident is that 3M Plus has not been implemented by the community. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between 3M Plus and the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in work area of Sewo Health Center, Soppeng Regency. Method: The research uses quantitative research methods with an experimental design. The sampling technique used proportionate stratified random sampling with a sample of 96 people. Result: The results of the research show that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables, namely (p-value = 0.045), sprinkling abate powder (p-value = 0.016), closing water reservoirs (p-value = 0.011), recycling used goods (p-value = 0.029), using mosquito nets (p-value = 0.045), using mosquito repellent (p-value = 0.022) on the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the Working Area Sewo Health Center, Soppeng Regency. Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is a significant relationship between 3M Plus actions and the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the Working Area of Sewo Health Center. Suggestions for the Community Health Center are that there is a need for outreach regarding how to prevent dengue fever in the local community as well as outreach about the 3M Plus program.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of the SUPER Rugby Program in en... more This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of the SUPER Rugby Program in enhancing youth athletes' self-efficacy, mental skills, emotional management, and rugby-specific skills. The program implemented as an eight-week intervention, integrated rugby-specific training with mental and emotional skill development. The study objectives included examining participant engagement, learning outcomes, and program applicability, as well as analysing pre-and post-test results for both experimental and control groups. Utilizing a randomized experimental design, the research involved 30 male youth rugby players aged 13-15, evenly assigned to experimental and control groups. Assessment tools comprised the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES), Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool-3 (OMSAT-3), Life Skills Transfer Survey (LSTS), and rugby skill evaluations. Results demonstrated that participants in the experimental group experienced statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy (t = -33.23, p < 0.001), mental skills (t = -58.92, p = 0.001), emotional management (t = -8.08, p < 0.001), and rugby-specific skills (t = -20.03, p < 0.001) compared to the control group. While some participants noted variability in enjoyment and the quality of program presentation, high levels of learning and practical application of acquired skills were reported. In conclusion, the SUPER Rugby Program effectively enhanced both the physical and psychological competencies of youth athletes. Future studies should investigate the program's long-term impact and consider refining its visual and instructional components to further improve participant engagement and overall enjoyment.
Purpose: Injuries to the orofacial region are very common experiences during sports in teens and ... more Purpose: Injuries to the orofacial region are very common experiences during sports in teens and adults. This paper emphasizes on prevalence of dental injuries in the course of sporting actions, functions of mouth guards in prevention of sports injury, properties and types of mouth guards. The development of abilities for processing biological and sports-pedagogical information for masters of physical education and sports is a pressing need in higher education. The article's goal is to raise the theoretical and practical proficiency in statistical data processing among masters of physical education and sports by using the test of the normal law of distribution hypothesis for observed values as an example. Methodology: Researching, assessing, organizing professional and scientific literature, extrapolating knowledge from science, education, and realworld experience, and conducting pedagogical experiments are some of the techniques employed in the research process. The pressure-laminated mouth guard, a customfabricated type, is the most satisfactory when compared with other types of mouth guards. Therefore, it is important to endorse the use of mouth guards to safeguard the smile. Contribution and Advice: Mouth guards are a valuable instrument for sports injuries, and their application in biomedical and sports-pedagogical research guarantees the advancement of the sports sciences. It demonstrates the various types of mouth guards and its implication and its use in dental field to avoid any injuries.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the student's acceptance of an android-based app... more This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the student's acceptance of an android-based application developed for independent karate kata training. The study is the evaluation phase of a research and development study that follows the ADDIE approach. To conduct the evaluation, two experts, content and media quality experts, assessed the feasibility of the application. Besides, participants from the karate extracurricular program at Medan 9 Methodist Private Middle School in Medan City gauged students' acceptance. The researchers collected the study data using questionnaires, with responses analyzed quantitatively. The content expert's assessment showed that the application is highly feasible, indicating that the learning materials are appropriate for karate kata training. The media quality expert also confirmed that the application meets all necessary criteria for an effective learning tool. Moreover, the evaluation using the Technology Acceptance Model revealed that students found the application useful and easy to use, which encouraged their intention to use it for learning karate kata. In conclusion, the study revealed that the Android-based application is a viable and well-received tool for karate kata training.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
Futsal athletes need overall excellent physical condition, specifically, speed and lower body str... more Futsal athletes need overall excellent physical condition, specifically, speed and lower body strength are the dominant components used in futsal games. However, unfortunately, often these components are not in prime condition because the training methods used to improve these components tend to be monotonous. Various physical training methods have been proven to have a positive effect on increasing the speed and strength of athletes' lower bodies, one of which is the contrast training method. This study aims to examine the impact of the contrast training method on the speed and lower body strength of futsal athletes. The research method used is an experimental method using a pretest-posttest control group design, where the experimental group is given the contrast training method and the control group is given the conventional method. A total of 20 female futsal athletes were involved as subjects of this research who were given training program for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). The instruments used in this research were the 20-meter sprint test to measure speed and the 1 maximum repetition squat test to measure lower body strength. The t-test was used in this research for data analysis. The research results showed a significant effect of the contrast training method on the speed and lower body strength of futsal athletes, while conventional training methods did not have a considerable impact. However, both groups experienced an increase in ability, where the experimental group experienced an increase in speed of 3.21% and lower body strength of 3.67%, while the control group only experienced an increase in speed of 0.06% and lower body strength of 0.2%. This research concludes that the contrast training method is scientifically proven to be able to provide a significant increase in the speed and lower body strength of futsal athletes. So, we recommend using the contrast training method in the training process for futsal athletes because it has been proven to provide positive benefits.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
This study investigates the effectiveness of exercise-based rehabilitation protocols for anterior... more This study investigates the effectiveness of exercise-based rehabilitation protocols for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) patients within the Chinese healthcare system, addressing the rising need for evidence-based recovery interventions tailored to diverse patient needs. ACL injuries are among the most prevalent sports-related injuries, often leading to prolonged recovery times and a significant risk of re-injury. Despite advancements in surgical techniques, optimized rehabilitation remains crucial for restoring knee function and preventing long-term complications. This research focuses on assessing the impact of specific rehabilitation exercises on key parameters such as muscle strength, proprioception, functional stability, range of motion (ROM), pain relief, and re-injury risk reduction. The study involved a comparative analysis of rehabilitation outcomes among patients receiving a combination of targeted exercises, such as Nordic hamstring exercises, aquatic therapy, suspension training, and eccentric isokinetic training, versus those undergoing electrotherapy alone. Clinical assessments utilized the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, alongside measurements of muscle strength and ROM. Patients undergoing combination therapies demonstrated superior recovery outcomes, achieving IKDC scores of 80 and flexor strength increases exceeding 200 N, compared to the electrotherapy-only group. Suspension training emerged as particularly effective in enhancing functional stability and facilitating a safe return to play, while eccentric kinetic exercises improved ROM and significantly mitigated pain and re-injury risk. The findings underscore the importance of integrating targeted exercise-based rehabilitation into ACL recovery protocols, highlighting its potential to improve clinical outcomes and patient quality of life. This study contributes to the field by presenting evidence-based recommendations for optimized ACL rehabilitation strategies, emphasizing the role of multimodal therapies. However, limitations include the absence of long-term follow-up data and the need for larger, more diverse cohorts. Future research should address these gaps to validate findings further. Practical and social implications suggest that adopting such strategies could reduce healthcare costs and enhance recovery outcomes within resource-constrained healthcare systems like China's.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2025
The growing prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, especially among adolescents, presents serious hea... more The growing prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, especially among adolescents, presents serious health concerns, including obesity, heart disease, and cognitive impairment. This study investigates the effectiveness of a physical literacy model based on traditional games in decreasing sedentary lifestyle in adolescents aged 12 to 16. A quasi-experimental design was used, with 238 participants divided into two groups: an experimental group that participated in traditional games for 12 weeks, and a control group that adhered to the standard physical education curriculum. Data were collected using the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) and analyzed using independent t-tests and paired sample t-tests. The results showed a significant reduction in sedentary time among the experimental group, with an average decrease from 329.50 minutes in the pre-test to 219.50 minutes in the post-test. In contrast, the control group showed minimal change. These findings highlight the potential of traditional games to reduce sedentary lifestyle and improve physical, cognitive, and social skills. The study suggests that incorporating traditional games into physical education curricula could be an effective strategy for promoting active lifestyles among adolescents. Future studies should consider larger and more diverse samples to generalize the findings and explore additional benefits of traditional games.
Graph theory plays a crucial role in understanding the structural properties of molecular and net... more Graph theory plays a crucial role in understanding the structural properties of molecular and network systems. One of the significant topological indices used in this domain is the second Hyper-Zagreb index (HM2(G)), which is computed by summing the degrees of adjacent vertices x and y in a molecular graph and squaring the result. This index provides valuable insights into the graph’s complexity and has chemistry, physics, and network analysis applications. Another important concept in graph theory is the Roman dominating number (RDN), defined as a function g : X(G) → {0, 1, 2}, where X(G) is the set of vertices. The RDN must satisfy the condition that for every vertex y with g(y) = 0, there exists an adjacent vertex x with g(x) = 2, ensuring that all vertices are strategically covered. The RDN, denoted by ΓR(G), is the minimum total weight assigned by the RDN across all vertices and is critical for optimizing network security, resource allocation, and fault tolerance in various systems. This paper aims to bridge the gap between these two areas by establishing a lower bound on the HM2(T) characterized by m vertices and their corresponding ΓR(T). Our findings reveal new insights into the interplay between these graph parameters, offering enhanced tools for precise analysis in molecular chemistry and theoretical network sciences. The derived bounds have significant implications for improving the design and resilience of complex systems, particularly in scenarios where efficient resource deployment and stability are paramount. Future research may extend these methods to broader classes of graphs, thereby further expanding their applicability in real-world contexts.
In this paper, we study the rate of occurrence of the non-homogeneous Poisson process by introduc... more In this paper, we study the rate of occurrence of the non-homogeneous Poisson process by introducing the Gompertz-Makeham distribution as a rate of occurrence, known as the Gompertz-Makeham Process (GMP). To estimate parameters of this process, we propose the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) and introduce a modification to address its limitations in finding accurate estimators. The modified method, referred to as the Modified Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MMLE), employs an intelligent algorithm for the likelihood function to improve its performance. We compare the results of MMLE with another intelligent method, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to identify the most effective estimator for the rate of occurrence of the proposed Gompertz-Makeham process. Additionally, this paper includes a simulation study of the process and presents a practical application. By utilizing the MMLE and PSO algorithms, we seek to provide accurate parameter estimation for the Gompertz-Makeham process, thereby enhancing its applicability in diverse domains such as mortality modeling, reliability analysis, and disease progression studies. The comparative analysis between MMLE and PSO offers valuable insights into the performance and effectiveness of intelligent algorithms in estimating the rate of occurrence for NHPP processes. Applied to a real data application, it studies operating periods in days between two successive stops for the raw materials factory from the General Company for Northern Cement / Badoush Cement Factory and estimates the rate for the number of stops for the factory for the period time from 1st April 2020 to 1st January 2022.
A year-long survey (2021-2022) was
conducted among 165 Bedouin households in Jordan's arid
Badia ... more A year-long survey (2021-2022) was conducted among 165 Bedouin households in Jordan's arid Badia region to assess local opinions on climate change. The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative approaches to assessing how residents perceive climate change, their observations of its physical effects, and its most significant economic and social impacts on their lives. The study concluded that overall locals were highly concerned with climate change and its immediate effects on the Badia. Moreover, the study reviewed a generational gap in climate change awareness and understanding, while older generations’ awareness is based on their own experiences and oral traditions to interpret environmental changes. In this sense, their responses to climate challenges are more focused on practical, physical alterations to the local environment. The younger generations, on the other hand, had more academic and media-based awareness of climate change, as a result, their solutions were more intangible and focused predominantly on awareness raising and education. The study also found several clear signs of climate change, including decreased rainfall, delayed rainy seasons, increased temperatures, and frequent waves of drought, with occasional sudden floods caused by soil destabilization and heavy rainfall. In conclusion, it is crucial to engage the views of the elderly, youth, and decision-makers, combining education, modern media, traditional knowledge, and practical experiences of local generations, to make sound decisions and identify important strategies that help mitigate the effects of climate change and enhance agricultural and livestock production.
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Papers by Horizon Research Publishing(HRPUB) Kevin Nelson
where X(G) is the set of vertices. The RDN must satisfy the condition that for every vertex y with g(y) = 0, there exists an adjacent vertex x with g(x) = 2, ensuring that all vertices are strategically covered. The RDN, denoted by ΓR(G), is the minimum total weight assigned by the RDN across
all vertices and is critical for optimizing network security, resource allocation, and fault tolerance in various systems. This paper aims to bridge the gap between these two areas by establishing a lower bound on the HM2(T) characterized by m vertices and their corresponding ΓR(T). Our findings
reveal new insights into the interplay between these graph parameters, offering enhanced tools for precise analysis in molecular chemistry and theoretical network sciences. The derived bounds have significant implications for improving the design and resilience of complex systems, particularly in scenarios where efficient resource deployment and stability
are paramount. Future research may extend these methods to broader classes of graphs, thereby further expanding their applicability in real-world contexts.
where X(G) is the set of vertices. The RDN must satisfy the condition that for every vertex y with g(y) = 0, there exists an adjacent vertex x with g(x) = 2, ensuring that all vertices are strategically covered. The RDN, denoted by ΓR(G), is the minimum total weight assigned by the RDN across
all vertices and is critical for optimizing network security, resource allocation, and fault tolerance in various systems. This paper aims to bridge the gap between these two areas by establishing a lower bound on the HM2(T) characterized by m vertices and their corresponding ΓR(T). Our findings
reveal new insights into the interplay between these graph parameters, offering enhanced tools for precise analysis in molecular chemistry and theoretical network sciences. The derived bounds have significant implications for improving the design and resilience of complex systems, particularly in scenarios where efficient resource deployment and stability
are paramount. Future research may extend these methods to broader classes of graphs, thereby further expanding their applicability in real-world contexts.
conducted among 165 Bedouin households in Jordan's arid
Badia region to assess local opinions on climate change.
The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative
approaches to assessing how residents perceive climate
change, their observations of its physical effects, and its
most significant economic and social impacts on their lives.
The study concluded that overall locals were highly
concerned with climate change and its immediate effects
on the Badia. Moreover, the study reviewed a generational
gap in climate change awareness and understanding, while
older generations’ awareness is based on their own
experiences and oral traditions to interpret environmental
changes. In this sense, their responses to climate challenges
are more focused on practical, physical alterations to the
local environment. The younger generations, on the other
hand, had more academic and media-based awareness of
climate change, as a result, their solutions were more
intangible and focused predominantly on awareness raising
and education. The study also found several clear signs of
climate change, including decreased rainfall, delayed rainy
seasons, increased temperatures, and frequent waves of
drought, with occasional sudden floods caused by soil
destabilization and heavy rainfall. In conclusion, it is
crucial to engage the views of the elderly, youth, and
decision-makers, combining education, modern media,
traditional knowledge, and practical experiences of local
generations, to make sound decisions and identify
important strategies that help mitigate the effects of climate
change and enhance agricultural and livestock production.