Background: Suicidality and brain tumors are two life-threatening conditions and, somewhat unexpe... more Background: Suicidality and brain tumors are two life-threatening conditions and, somewhat unexpectedly, the associations between them have scarcely been reported. Objective: In this study, we aimed to provide a brief literature review of epidemiological studies on suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior (SB) in patients with brain tumors. To illustrate various aspects of brain tumors that potentially underlie the emergence of suicidality, the review is supplemented with a clinical exemplar of a long-term survivor of brain tumor (glioblastoma) who experienced persistent SI. Furthermore, we discuss putative both neurobiological (including anatomical and immunological) and psychosocial mechanisms that might be accountable for the development of SI and SB in patients with brain tumors. Conclusions: While the etiology of this phenomenon appears to be multifactorial and still remains a subject of much debate, it is of critical importance to identify patients for which a psychiatric ...
Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are classical anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory t... more Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are classical anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory treatments, which were used as first-line therapy at the beginning of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Besides the emerging data on their lack of efficacy against COVID-19 infection, such treatments have been associated with some severe health concerns, including those of neuropsychiatric nature, such as a possible increase in suicide risk. Here we report a case of a patient with no history of psychiatric illnesses, who abruptly developed depression with melancholic features, severe suicidal ideation (SI), and attempted suicide (SA) shortly after receiving HCQ for his COVID-19 infection. The case was followed by a mini-review of the heterogeneous scientific literature on the hypothetical association between neuropsychiatric symptoms, with a focus on SI and suicidal behavior (SB, including SA and death by suicide), when CQ and HCQ are used in COVID-19, rheumatologic diseas...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) results from repetitive brain injuries and is a common neu... more Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) results from repetitive brain injuries and is a common neurotraumatic sequela in contact sports. CTE is often accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms, which could escalate to suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behaviour (SB). Nevertheless, fairly limited emphasis about the association between suicidality and CTE exists in medical literature. Here, we report two cases of retired professional athletes in high contact sports (boxing and ice hockey) who have developed similar clinical trajectories characterized by progressive neuropsychiatric symptoms compatible with a CTE diagnosis and subsequent SB in its severe forms (medical serious suicide attempt (SA) and completed suicide). In addition to the description of outlining clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and differential diagnosis elements related to these cases, we also hypothesized some mechanisms that might augment the suicide risk in CTE. They include those related to neurobiolog...
ABSTRACT In this study, a statistical pattern recognition technique was developed based on time s... more ABSTRACT In this study, a statistical pattern recognition technique was developed based on time series analysis to localize cracks in steel reinforced concrete structures using vibration data. The technique has been developed for the Sydney Harbour Bridge – one of Australia’s iconic structures and the world’s largest steel arch bridge. Measurements are collected from tri-axial accelerometers (MEMS type), which are integrated into sensor nodes developed at the National ICT Australia (NICTA). The sensors are located on the underside of the bus lane, near the eastern side of the bridge deck. Sensor nodes monitor vibration levels whenever a vehicle passes over the sensors (passive approach) and data are collected as the vibration level exceeds a pre-set threshold. Our approach uses two stage Auto-Regressive (AR) and Auto-Regressive with eXogenous inputs (ARX) prediction models to extract damage sensitive features from vibration data in the time domain. Variation between the residual errors obtained from the intact and damaged states were used to identify unusual behaviour due to structural damage. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach in handling large volumes of data and the ability to identify the presence of cracking. After the initial research project, the laboratory testing and the onsite trial the technique is being developed as a tool to aid in the management of the asset.
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2011
A woman diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy for over 30 years presented with stereotyped e... more A woman diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy for over 30 years presented with stereotyped episodes of abnormal sensations in both arms. Continuous video-EEG monitoring for 14 days and MRI brain revealed that the patient's somatosensory events with associated postictal aphasia, as well as her myoclonic and generalised tonic-clonic seizures, were likely due to a symptomatic left fronto-polar epilepsy. Our case emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider fronto-polar epilepsy as a potential cause of myoclonic seizures, particularly when associated with other semiologic features suggestive of frontal lobe epilepsy. [Published with video sequences].
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2013
Seizures can manifest with ictal swearing but few studies have investigated the localising value ... more Seizures can manifest with ictal swearing but few studies have investigated the localising value of this epileptic manifestation. In this case series and review of the literature, we attempted to determine whether ictal swearing could help localise the epileptic focus. We review two previously published cases and report eight additional epileptic patients with ictal swearing for whom the epileptic focus was determined based on clinical, structural, electrophysiological, and surgical outcome data. Results indicated that ictal swearing occurs more commonly in male subjects and lateralises to the non-dominant hemisphere, but has poor localisation value, arising either from the frontal, parietal, temporal or occipital lobes in different patients. We discuss the significance of these findings. [Published with video sequences].
Progressive midlife weight gain is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and may repre... more Progressive midlife weight gain is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and may represent an early manifestation of insulin resistance in a distinct subset of women. Emerging data implicate hyperinsulinema as a proximate cause of weight gain and support strategies that attenuate insulin secretion. To assess a previously reported novel hypocaloric carbohydrate modified diet alone (D), and in combination with metformin (M) and metformin plus low-dose rosiglitazone (MR), in diverse women with midlife weight gain (defined as >20lbs since the twenties), normal glucose tolerance, and hyperinsulinemia. 46 women, mean age 46.6±1.0, BMI 30.5±0.04 kg/m2, 54.5% white, 22.7% black, 15.9% Hispanic, at 2 university medical centers. A dietary intervention designed to reduce insulin excursions was implemented in 4 weekly nutritional group workshops prior to randomization. Change in 6-month fasting insulin. Pre-specified secondary outcomes were changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, metabol...
2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology, 2010
In this paper, we present the design of an epilepticseizure detector. This circuit is part of an ... more In this paper, we present the design of an epilepticseizure detector. This circuit is part of an implantable device used to continuously record intracerebral electroencephalographic signals through subdural and depth electrodes. The implemented seizure detector is based on a detection algorithm validated in Matlab tools and the circuits were implemented using CMOS 0.18-microm process. The proposed system was tested using intracerebral EEG recordings from two patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Four seizures were assessed by the proposed CMOS building blocks and the required delays to detect these seizures were 3, 8, 11, and 11 sec, respectively after electric onset. The simulated total power consumption of the detector was 6.71 microW. Together, these preliminary results indicate the possibility of building implantable ultra-low power seizure-detection devices.
Network forensics known as an extended phase of network security plays an essential role in deali... more Network forensics known as an extended phase of network security plays an essential role in dealing with cybercrime. The performance of a network forensics system heavily depends on the network attack detection solutions. Two main types of network attacks are network level and application level. Current research methods have improved the detection rate but this is still a challenge. We propose a Shannon entropy approach to this study to identify executable file content for anomaly-based network attack detection in network forensics systems. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides high detection rate.
2014 10th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC), 2014
Determining the original file type of data fragments helps data recovery, spam detection, virus s... more Determining the original file type of data fragments helps data recovery, spam detection, virus scanning, and network monitoring operations. In many cases, only unordered fragments of the original file are available for investigation. Therefore, we can only base on the content of a fragment to identify its file type. However, data fragments come with different sizes, as they may be the residual data recovered from storage media or network packets. It is stated that identifying the file type of larger fragments is easier than the smaller size ones [1]. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of data fragment sizes on file type recognition. In this paper, we study the results of applying machine learning technique to identify file types of data fragments of different sizes in order to find the minimum size required for file type recognition purpose.
ABSTRACT The hemodynamic responses to 4-AP induced focal epileptic spikes and electrical stimulat... more ABSTRACT The hemodynamic responses to 4-AP induced focal epileptic spikes and electrical stimulations are compared in a rat model. Nonlinearities are quantified with biophysical models. Supranormal oxygen consumption from epileptic spikes is inferred.
Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Information and Communication Technology - SoICT '11, 2011
Abstract In this paper, we describe a speech enhancement approach for robust speech recognition. ... more Abstract In this paper, we describe a speech enhancement approach for robust speech recognition. This approach consists of two stages to solve both current problems of speech recognition: reverberation and noise. Firstly, speech signal is dereveberated by ...
Background: Suicidality and brain tumors are two life-threatening conditions and, somewhat unexpe... more Background: Suicidality and brain tumors are two life-threatening conditions and, somewhat unexpectedly, the associations between them have scarcely been reported. Objective: In this study, we aimed to provide a brief literature review of epidemiological studies on suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior (SB) in patients with brain tumors. To illustrate various aspects of brain tumors that potentially underlie the emergence of suicidality, the review is supplemented with a clinical exemplar of a long-term survivor of brain tumor (glioblastoma) who experienced persistent SI. Furthermore, we discuss putative both neurobiological (including anatomical and immunological) and psychosocial mechanisms that might be accountable for the development of SI and SB in patients with brain tumors. Conclusions: While the etiology of this phenomenon appears to be multifactorial and still remains a subject of much debate, it is of critical importance to identify patients for which a psychiatric ...
Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are classical anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory t... more Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are classical anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory treatments, which were used as first-line therapy at the beginning of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Besides the emerging data on their lack of efficacy against COVID-19 infection, such treatments have been associated with some severe health concerns, including those of neuropsychiatric nature, such as a possible increase in suicide risk. Here we report a case of a patient with no history of psychiatric illnesses, who abruptly developed depression with melancholic features, severe suicidal ideation (SI), and attempted suicide (SA) shortly after receiving HCQ for his COVID-19 infection. The case was followed by a mini-review of the heterogeneous scientific literature on the hypothetical association between neuropsychiatric symptoms, with a focus on SI and suicidal behavior (SB, including SA and death by suicide), when CQ and HCQ are used in COVID-19, rheumatologic diseas...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) results from repetitive brain injuries and is a common neu... more Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) results from repetitive brain injuries and is a common neurotraumatic sequela in contact sports. CTE is often accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms, which could escalate to suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behaviour (SB). Nevertheless, fairly limited emphasis about the association between suicidality and CTE exists in medical literature. Here, we report two cases of retired professional athletes in high contact sports (boxing and ice hockey) who have developed similar clinical trajectories characterized by progressive neuropsychiatric symptoms compatible with a CTE diagnosis and subsequent SB in its severe forms (medical serious suicide attempt (SA) and completed suicide). In addition to the description of outlining clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and differential diagnosis elements related to these cases, we also hypothesized some mechanisms that might augment the suicide risk in CTE. They include those related to neurobiolog...
ABSTRACT In this study, a statistical pattern recognition technique was developed based on time s... more ABSTRACT In this study, a statistical pattern recognition technique was developed based on time series analysis to localize cracks in steel reinforced concrete structures using vibration data. The technique has been developed for the Sydney Harbour Bridge – one of Australia’s iconic structures and the world’s largest steel arch bridge. Measurements are collected from tri-axial accelerometers (MEMS type), which are integrated into sensor nodes developed at the National ICT Australia (NICTA). The sensors are located on the underside of the bus lane, near the eastern side of the bridge deck. Sensor nodes monitor vibration levels whenever a vehicle passes over the sensors (passive approach) and data are collected as the vibration level exceeds a pre-set threshold. Our approach uses two stage Auto-Regressive (AR) and Auto-Regressive with eXogenous inputs (ARX) prediction models to extract damage sensitive features from vibration data in the time domain. Variation between the residual errors obtained from the intact and damaged states were used to identify unusual behaviour due to structural damage. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach in handling large volumes of data and the ability to identify the presence of cracking. After the initial research project, the laboratory testing and the onsite trial the technique is being developed as a tool to aid in the management of the asset.
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2011
A woman diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy for over 30 years presented with stereotyped e... more A woman diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy for over 30 years presented with stereotyped episodes of abnormal sensations in both arms. Continuous video-EEG monitoring for 14 days and MRI brain revealed that the patient's somatosensory events with associated postictal aphasia, as well as her myoclonic and generalised tonic-clonic seizures, were likely due to a symptomatic left fronto-polar epilepsy. Our case emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider fronto-polar epilepsy as a potential cause of myoclonic seizures, particularly when associated with other semiologic features suggestive of frontal lobe epilepsy. [Published with video sequences].
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2013
Seizures can manifest with ictal swearing but few studies have investigated the localising value ... more Seizures can manifest with ictal swearing but few studies have investigated the localising value of this epileptic manifestation. In this case series and review of the literature, we attempted to determine whether ictal swearing could help localise the epileptic focus. We review two previously published cases and report eight additional epileptic patients with ictal swearing for whom the epileptic focus was determined based on clinical, structural, electrophysiological, and surgical outcome data. Results indicated that ictal swearing occurs more commonly in male subjects and lateralises to the non-dominant hemisphere, but has poor localisation value, arising either from the frontal, parietal, temporal or occipital lobes in different patients. We discuss the significance of these findings. [Published with video sequences].
Progressive midlife weight gain is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and may repre... more Progressive midlife weight gain is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and may represent an early manifestation of insulin resistance in a distinct subset of women. Emerging data implicate hyperinsulinema as a proximate cause of weight gain and support strategies that attenuate insulin secretion. To assess a previously reported novel hypocaloric carbohydrate modified diet alone (D), and in combination with metformin (M) and metformin plus low-dose rosiglitazone (MR), in diverse women with midlife weight gain (defined as >20lbs since the twenties), normal glucose tolerance, and hyperinsulinemia. 46 women, mean age 46.6±1.0, BMI 30.5±0.04 kg/m2, 54.5% white, 22.7% black, 15.9% Hispanic, at 2 university medical centers. A dietary intervention designed to reduce insulin excursions was implemented in 4 weekly nutritional group workshops prior to randomization. Change in 6-month fasting insulin. Pre-specified secondary outcomes were changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, metabol...
2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology, 2010
In this paper, we present the design of an epilepticseizure detector. This circuit is part of an ... more In this paper, we present the design of an epilepticseizure detector. This circuit is part of an implantable device used to continuously record intracerebral electroencephalographic signals through subdural and depth electrodes. The implemented seizure detector is based on a detection algorithm validated in Matlab tools and the circuits were implemented using CMOS 0.18-microm process. The proposed system was tested using intracerebral EEG recordings from two patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Four seizures were assessed by the proposed CMOS building blocks and the required delays to detect these seizures were 3, 8, 11, and 11 sec, respectively after electric onset. The simulated total power consumption of the detector was 6.71 microW. Together, these preliminary results indicate the possibility of building implantable ultra-low power seizure-detection devices.
Network forensics known as an extended phase of network security plays an essential role in deali... more Network forensics known as an extended phase of network security plays an essential role in dealing with cybercrime. The performance of a network forensics system heavily depends on the network attack detection solutions. Two main types of network attacks are network level and application level. Current research methods have improved the detection rate but this is still a challenge. We propose a Shannon entropy approach to this study to identify executable file content for anomaly-based network attack detection in network forensics systems. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides high detection rate.
2014 10th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC), 2014
Determining the original file type of data fragments helps data recovery, spam detection, virus s... more Determining the original file type of data fragments helps data recovery, spam detection, virus scanning, and network monitoring operations. In many cases, only unordered fragments of the original file are available for investigation. Therefore, we can only base on the content of a fragment to identify its file type. However, data fragments come with different sizes, as they may be the residual data recovered from storage media or network packets. It is stated that identifying the file type of larger fragments is easier than the smaller size ones [1]. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of data fragment sizes on file type recognition. In this paper, we study the results of applying machine learning technique to identify file types of data fragments of different sizes in order to find the minimum size required for file type recognition purpose.
ABSTRACT The hemodynamic responses to 4-AP induced focal epileptic spikes and electrical stimulat... more ABSTRACT The hemodynamic responses to 4-AP induced focal epileptic spikes and electrical stimulations are compared in a rat model. Nonlinearities are quantified with biophysical models. Supranormal oxygen consumption from epileptic spikes is inferred.
Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Information and Communication Technology - SoICT '11, 2011
Abstract In this paper, we describe a speech enhancement approach for robust speech recognition. ... more Abstract In this paper, we describe a speech enhancement approach for robust speech recognition. This approach consists of two stages to solve both current problems of speech recognition: reverberation and noise. Firstly, speech signal is dereveberated by ...
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