Gene expression profiling is a sophisticated method to discover differences in activation pattern... more Gene expression profiling is a sophisticated method to discover differences in activation patterns of genes between different patient collectives. By reasonably defining patient groups from a medical point of view, subsequent gene expression analysis may reveal disease-related gene expression patterns that are applicable for tumor markers and pharmacological target identification. When releasing patient-specific data for medical studies privacy protection has to be guaranteed for ethical and legal reasons. k-anonymisation may be used to generate a sufficient number of k data twins in order to ensure that sensitive data used in analyses is protected from being linked to individuals. We use an adapted concept of k-anonymity for distributed data sources and include various customisation parameters in the anonymisation process to guarantee that the transformed data is still applicable for further processing. We present a real-world medical-relevant use case and show how the related data...
Hundreds of tissue samples may be assembled in a tissue microarray format for simultaneous immuno... more Hundreds of tissue samples may be assembled in a tissue microarray format for simultaneous immunostaining assessment of protein expression profiling. A DNA microarray two-color laser scanner was used for automated analysis of tissue microarray indirect immunofluorescence. On sections from both a human lung adenocarcinoma and a squamous cell carcinoma tissue microarray, fluorescence intensity for two epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR and c-erbB2) correlates with diagnostic pathologist assessment, indicating that immunohistochemistry quantitation can be achieved. Importantly, double-label indirect immunofluorescence detection with the cDNA scanner demonstrates that one reference antigen can normalize tumor marker immunosignal for the cellular content of tissue microarray tissue cores. Therefore, DNA microarray scanners and associated image analysis software provide general and efficient analysis of tissue microarray immunostaining, including estimation of specific protein expres...
Briefings in functional genomics & proteomics, 2007
Biobanks contain biological samples and associated information that are essential raw materials f... more Biobanks contain biological samples and associated information that are essential raw materials for advancement of biotechnology, human health, and research and development in life sciences. Population-based and disease-oriented biobanks are major biobank formats to establish the disease relevance of human genes and provide opportunities to elucidate their interaction with environment and lifestyle. The developments in personalized medicine require molecular definition of new disease subentities and biomarkers for identification of relevant patient subgroups for drug development. These emerging demands can only be met if biobanks cooperate at the transnational or even global scale. Establishment of common standards and strategies to cope with the heterogeneous legal and ethical landscape in different countries are seen as major challenges for biobank networks. The Central Research Infrastructure for Molecular Pathology (CRIP), the concept for a pan-European Biobanking and Biomolecul...
Impaired blood clotting precludes percutaneous liver biopsy for histologic examination of liver t... more Impaired blood clotting precludes percutaneous liver biopsy for histologic examination of liver tissue. The transjugular or laparoscopic approach are ways to reduce the risk of bleeding. These techniques, however, are laborious and confined to specialized centers. Methods of plugging the needle track with sealant presented so far are hampered by the need to leave either the cannula in situ or the need for a second percutaneous approach for the application of the sealant. We have tested a combined plugging-biopsy device allowing to perform the biopsy as a one-step procedure in patients with impaired clotting under laparoscopic vision control. In 37 patients either a modified Trucut or Menghini needle was tested. Handling of the Trucut needle proved easier. Tissue yield was satisfactory with both needles. Only one episode of bleeding was observed with a prototype Menghini needle. We conclude, that the combined plugging-biopsy device is a safe and reliable tool for obtaining liver tiss...
Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 1990
To identify Mallory body (MB) constituents, monoclonal antibodies to murine MBs induced by long-t... more To identify Mallory body (MB) constituents, monoclonal antibodies to murine MBs induced by long-term griseofulvin (GF) feeding were produced. One of these, antibody MM 120-1, specifically reacted in immunofluorescence microscopy with MBs in all developmental stages but not with other cell structures of human and mouse liver and other organs. The MM 120-1 antigen was present in murine MBs induced by griseofulvin or 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine feeding and also in human MBs in livers of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. In immunoblots, the MM 120-1 antigen was detectable in the high molecular weight fraction of MB preparations, most of which remained in the well and at the interphase between stacking and resolving gel. No reactivity with cytokeratin polypeptides of different conformational states (i.e., isolated cytoker atin components A and D, heterotetramers A2D2, reconstituted intermediate filaments) was found. It is concluded that the antibody MM 120-1 is a highly sp...
Biobanks containing human biological samples and associated data are key resources for the advanc... more Biobanks containing human biological samples and associated data are key resources for the advancement of medical research. Efficient access to samples and data increases competitiveness in medical research, reduces effort and time for achieving scientific results and promotes scientific progress. In order to address upcoming health challenges, there is increasing need for transnational collaboration. This requires innovative solutions improving interoperability of biobanks in fields such as sample and data management as well as governance including ethical and legal frameworks. In this context, rights and expectations of donors to determine the usage of their biological material and data and to ensure their privacy have to be observed. We discuss the benefits of biobanks, the needs to support medical research and the societal demands and regulations, in particular, securing the rights of donors and present IT solutions that allow both to maintain the security of personal data and t...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1992
One limit to successful receptor-mediated gene delivery is the exit of the endocytosed material f... more One limit to successful receptor-mediated gene delivery is the exit of the endocytosed material from the endosome. We demonstrate here the delivery of marker genes to tissue culture cells using a modification of the receptor-mediated gene delivery technique that exploits the endosomolytic activity of defective adenovirus particles. In particular, greater than 90% of the transfected-cell population is found to express a beta-galactosidase gene, and, most importantly, this high level of expression can be obtained with psoralen-inactivated virus particles. Furthermore, because the delivered gene is not carried within the genome of the adenovirus particle, the size constraints are relieved, and we can, therefore, show the delivery of a 48-kilobase cosmid DNA molecule.
Gene expression profiling is a sophisticated method to discover differences in activation pattern... more Gene expression profiling is a sophisticated method to discover differences in activation patterns of genes between different patient collectives. By reasonably defining patient groups from a medical point of view, subsequent gene expression analysis may reveal disease-related gene expression patterns that are applicable for tumor markers and pharmacological target identification. When releasing patient-specific data for medical studies privacy protection has to be guaranteed for ethical and legal reasons. k-anonymisation may be used to generate a sufficient number of k data twins in order to ensure that sensitive data used in analyses is protected from being linked to individuals. We use an adapted concept of k-anonymity for distributed data sources and include various customisation parameters in the anonymisation process to guarantee that the transformed data is still applicable for further processing. We present a real-world medical-relevant use case and show how the related data...
Hundreds of tissue samples may be assembled in a tissue microarray format for simultaneous immuno... more Hundreds of tissue samples may be assembled in a tissue microarray format for simultaneous immunostaining assessment of protein expression profiling. A DNA microarray two-color laser scanner was used for automated analysis of tissue microarray indirect immunofluorescence. On sections from both a human lung adenocarcinoma and a squamous cell carcinoma tissue microarray, fluorescence intensity for two epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR and c-erbB2) correlates with diagnostic pathologist assessment, indicating that immunohistochemistry quantitation can be achieved. Importantly, double-label indirect immunofluorescence detection with the cDNA scanner demonstrates that one reference antigen can normalize tumor marker immunosignal for the cellular content of tissue microarray tissue cores. Therefore, DNA microarray scanners and associated image analysis software provide general and efficient analysis of tissue microarray immunostaining, including estimation of specific protein expres...
Briefings in functional genomics & proteomics, 2007
Biobanks contain biological samples and associated information that are essential raw materials f... more Biobanks contain biological samples and associated information that are essential raw materials for advancement of biotechnology, human health, and research and development in life sciences. Population-based and disease-oriented biobanks are major biobank formats to establish the disease relevance of human genes and provide opportunities to elucidate their interaction with environment and lifestyle. The developments in personalized medicine require molecular definition of new disease subentities and biomarkers for identification of relevant patient subgroups for drug development. These emerging demands can only be met if biobanks cooperate at the transnational or even global scale. Establishment of common standards and strategies to cope with the heterogeneous legal and ethical landscape in different countries are seen as major challenges for biobank networks. The Central Research Infrastructure for Molecular Pathology (CRIP), the concept for a pan-European Biobanking and Biomolecul...
Impaired blood clotting precludes percutaneous liver biopsy for histologic examination of liver t... more Impaired blood clotting precludes percutaneous liver biopsy for histologic examination of liver tissue. The transjugular or laparoscopic approach are ways to reduce the risk of bleeding. These techniques, however, are laborious and confined to specialized centers. Methods of plugging the needle track with sealant presented so far are hampered by the need to leave either the cannula in situ or the need for a second percutaneous approach for the application of the sealant. We have tested a combined plugging-biopsy device allowing to perform the biopsy as a one-step procedure in patients with impaired clotting under laparoscopic vision control. In 37 patients either a modified Trucut or Menghini needle was tested. Handling of the Trucut needle proved easier. Tissue yield was satisfactory with both needles. Only one episode of bleeding was observed with a prototype Menghini needle. We conclude, that the combined plugging-biopsy device is a safe and reliable tool for obtaining liver tiss...
Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 1990
To identify Mallory body (MB) constituents, monoclonal antibodies to murine MBs induced by long-t... more To identify Mallory body (MB) constituents, monoclonal antibodies to murine MBs induced by long-term griseofulvin (GF) feeding were produced. One of these, antibody MM 120-1, specifically reacted in immunofluorescence microscopy with MBs in all developmental stages but not with other cell structures of human and mouse liver and other organs. The MM 120-1 antigen was present in murine MBs induced by griseofulvin or 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine feeding and also in human MBs in livers of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. In immunoblots, the MM 120-1 antigen was detectable in the high molecular weight fraction of MB preparations, most of which remained in the well and at the interphase between stacking and resolving gel. No reactivity with cytokeratin polypeptides of different conformational states (i.e., isolated cytoker atin components A and D, heterotetramers A2D2, reconstituted intermediate filaments) was found. It is concluded that the antibody MM 120-1 is a highly sp...
Biobanks containing human biological samples and associated data are key resources for the advanc... more Biobanks containing human biological samples and associated data are key resources for the advancement of medical research. Efficient access to samples and data increases competitiveness in medical research, reduces effort and time for achieving scientific results and promotes scientific progress. In order to address upcoming health challenges, there is increasing need for transnational collaboration. This requires innovative solutions improving interoperability of biobanks in fields such as sample and data management as well as governance including ethical and legal frameworks. In this context, rights and expectations of donors to determine the usage of their biological material and data and to ensure their privacy have to be observed. We discuss the benefits of biobanks, the needs to support medical research and the societal demands and regulations, in particular, securing the rights of donors and present IT solutions that allow both to maintain the security of personal data and t...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1992
One limit to successful receptor-mediated gene delivery is the exit of the endocytosed material f... more One limit to successful receptor-mediated gene delivery is the exit of the endocytosed material from the endosome. We demonstrate here the delivery of marker genes to tissue culture cells using a modification of the receptor-mediated gene delivery technique that exploits the endosomolytic activity of defective adenovirus particles. In particular, greater than 90% of the transfected-cell population is found to express a beta-galactosidase gene, and, most importantly, this high level of expression can be obtained with psoralen-inactivated virus particles. Furthermore, because the delivered gene is not carried within the genome of the adenovirus particle, the size constraints are relieved, and we can, therefore, show the delivery of a 48-kilobase cosmid DNA molecule.
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Papers by Kurt Zatloukal