Modern approaches to systematics and phylogenetics, based on statistical analysis of molecular da... more Modern approaches to systematics and phylogenetics, based on statistical analysis of molecular data, allow to conduct diagnostics and objective delimitation of taxa, establish alliances, detect monophyletic groups, verify the naturalness of polytypic species, reveal cryptic evolution lines, retrace the history of nascency and dispersion of species and populations, and reconstruct phylogenies. Nevertheless, there are limitations on molecular data use due to impossibility of paleontological material examination. Chromosomal rearrangements combine the advantages of molecular and morphological characteristics with the unique patterns of their evolution. Conservative parts of genome may be synapomorphies of high-rank taxa while labile regions reliably mark evolutional events associated with speciation. New chromosomal rearrangements are being fixed rather quickly in homozygous state which allows to solve such problem of related species systematics as polymorphism of standard markers (especially molecular ones), often exceeding the level of inter-species differences. Thus, karyosystematics armed with such modern chromosome studying method as FISH, maintains and even enhances its importance as an instrument for solving taxonomic and phylogenetic problems.
Die Karyotypen (Livia juncorum, Aphalara maculipennis, Craspedolepta latior, Arytaina genistae, P... more Die Karyotypen (Livia juncorum, Aphalara maculipennis, Craspedolepta latior, Arytaina genistae, Psylla alpina, P. betulae, Calophya rubra, Bactericera reuteri, Trichochermes walkeri, Trioza vitiensis) werden erstmalig untersucht. Neun Arten besitzen denselben Karyotyp 2n = 24 + X; eine Art (L. juncorum) 2n = 22 + X. Auf Grund der bisher erforschten 49 Arten der Psylloidea werden ausgewahlte karyotaxonomische Probleme diskutiert.
Male karyotype and meiosis in four true bug species belonging to the families Reduviidae, Nabidae... more Male karyotype and meiosis in four true bug species belonging to the families Reduviidae, Nabidae, and Miridae (Cimicomorpha) were studied for the first time using Giemsa staining and FISH with 18S ribosomal DNA and telomeric (TTAGG)n probes. We found that Rhynocoris punctiventris (Herrich-Schäffer, 1846) and R. iracundus (Poda, 1761) (Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) had 2n = 28 (24 + X1X2X3Y), whereas Nabis sareptanus Dohrn, 1862 (Nabidae) and Horistus orientalis (Gmelin, 1790) (Miridae) had 2n = 34 (32 + XY) and 2n = 32 (30 + XY), respectively. FISH for 18S rDNA revealed hybridization signals on a sex chromosome, the X or the Y, in H. orientalis, on both X and Y chromosomes in N. sareptanus, and on two of the four sex chromosomes, Y and one of the Xs, in both species of Rhynocoris Hahn, 1834. The results of FISH with telomeric probes support with confidence the absence of the “insect” telomere motif (TTAGG)n in the families Nabidae and Miridae and its presence in both species of genus ...
Cacopsylla fraudatrix Labina & Kuznetsova sp.n., collected from Vaccinium myrtillus in Bieszczady... more Cacopsylla fraudatrix Labina & Kuznetsova sp.n., collected from Vaccinium myrtillus in Bieszczady Mountains (S. Poland) is described and compared with the most closely related species, C. myrtilli (developing on V. myrtillus) and C. ledi (on Ledum palustre) as well as with a distantly related species C. vaccinii (on V. bracteatum). The identity of the new species is supported by the structure of testes consisting of two follicles each, in contrast to four in C. myrtilli and C. ledi, and by a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on a 714 bp fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. C. fraudatrix sp. n. forms a distinct clade in MP, ML and BI trees and differs from C. myrtilli by 28 fixed nucleotide substitutions (uncorrected p-distance = 3.92%) and from C. ledi by 26 fixed nucleotide substitutions (uncorrected p-distance = 3.64%).
The karyotypes of 10 species from 9 genera of the family Tingidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimico... more The karyotypes of 10 species from 9 genera of the family Tingidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimicomorpha) are described and illustrated for the first time. These species are: Agrammaatricapillum (Spinola, 1837), Catoplatuscarthusianus (Goeze, 1778), Dictylaplatyoma (Fieber, 1861), Lasiacanthahermani Vásárhelyi, 1977, Oncochilasimplex (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830), Tingis (Neolasiotropis) pilosa Hummel, 1825, and T. (Tropidocheila) reticulata Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835, all with 2n = 12A + XY, as well as Acalyptamarginata (Wolff, 1804), Derephysia (Paraderephysia) longispina Golub, 1974, and Dictyonotastrichnocera Fieber, 1844, all with 2n = 12A + X(0). Moreover, genera Catoplatus Spinola, 1837, Derephysia Spinola, 1837, and Oncochila (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830) were explored cytogenetically for the first time. Much as all other hitherto studied lace bugs, the species studied here have 12 autosomes but differ in their sex chromosome systems. The ribosomal clusters were localized on male meioti...
Meiotic karyotypes were studied in males of Craspedolepta sonchi (Foerster, 1848), Diaphorina cho... more Meiotic karyotypes were studied in males of Craspedolepta sonchi (Foerster, 1848), Diaphorina chobauti Puton, 1898, D. lamproptera Burckhardt, 1981, Psylla hartigii Flor, 1861, Cacopsylla palmeni (Loew, 1878), C. hippophaes (Foerster, 1848), C. melanoneura (Foerster, 1868), C. pyricola (Foerster 1848), C. moscovita (Andrianova, 1848), Bactericera salicivora (Reuter, 1876), Trioza abdominalis Flor, 1861, T. lauri = Lauritrioza alacris (Flor, 1861). Karyotypes were 2n = 25 (24 + XO) in all species except B. salicivora with 2n = 26 (24 + neo-XY). Testes consisted of two follicles each in all species but P. hartigii with four-follicular testes in males. The discussion covers the problems of chromosome numbers, sex-determining chromosome systems, B-chromosomes, patterns of C-banding, testis structure, and spermatid development in Psylloidea.
Based on chromosomal, molecular and morphological analyses, two new Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 197... more Based on chromosomal, molecular and morphological analyses, two new Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 1970 species are described, C. lapponica S. Nokkala & Ch. Nokkala, sp. nov. and C. borealis S. Nokkala et Ch. Nokkala, sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Psylloidea). C. lapponica is a rare bisexual alpine species living on Vaccinium uliginosum Linnaeus, 1753 above tree line on northern hills, where it forms sympatric populations with C. myrtilli W. Wagner, 1947. So far, the species has been found in northern Finland, Utsjoki and Kilpisjärvi, and in northern Sweden, Abisko. The chromosome number in males is 2n = 12+X(0), characteristic of psyllids. The species is easily distinguished from C. myrtilli by its conspicuously smaller size mainly due to difference in wing size. Additional morphological differences are found in the length of antennae, female genital plates and male parameres. C. borealis, in turn, is a relatively common apomictic parthenogenetic species with 5n = 60 + XXXXX living on the same h...
The fourth industrial revolution is changing the technological face of the economy. Digital techn... more The fourth industrial revolution is changing the technological face of the economy. Digital technologies are especially widespread in it. They affect all areas of the economy. These changes require in-depth research. The purpose of the article is to analyze financial technologies considered as a factor in the development of the financial sector in the digital economy. To achieve this goal, methods of institutional, retrospective and comparative analysis, modeling and forecasting were used. As a result of the research, theoretical approaches to the study of digital financial technologies have been systematized; perspective areas of their application are considered; the prerequisites, factors and risks of their application in the financial sector are determined. The main trend in the considered area is the intensification of competition between banks and IT companies, which makes it necessary for banks to change the traditional banking business model. Banks will transform into IT comp...
Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference "Competitive, Sustainable and Secure Development of the Regional Economy: Response to Global Challenges" (CSSDRE 2018)
Modern approaches to systematics and phylogenetics, based on statistical analysis of molecular da... more Modern approaches to systematics and phylogenetics, based on statistical analysis of molecular data, allow to conduct diagnostics and objective delimitation of taxa, establish alliances, detect monophyletic groups, verify the naturalness of polytypic species, reveal cryptic evolution lines, retrace the history of nascency and dispersion of species and populations, and reconstruct phylogenies. Nevertheless, there are limitations on molecular data use due to impossibility of paleontological material examination. Chromosomal rearrangements combine the advantages of molecular and morphological characteristics with the unique patterns of their evolution. Conservative parts of genome may be synapomorphies of high-rank taxa while labile regions reliably mark evolutional events associated with speciation. New chromosomal rearrangements are being fixed rather quickly in homozygous state which allows to solve such problem of related species systematics as polymorphism of standard markers (especially molecular ones), often exceeding the level of inter-species differences. Thus, karyosystematics armed with such modern chromosome studying method as FISH, maintains and even enhances its importance as an instrument for solving taxonomic and phylogenetic problems.
Die Karyotypen (Livia juncorum, Aphalara maculipennis, Craspedolepta latior, Arytaina genistae, P... more Die Karyotypen (Livia juncorum, Aphalara maculipennis, Craspedolepta latior, Arytaina genistae, Psylla alpina, P. betulae, Calophya rubra, Bactericera reuteri, Trichochermes walkeri, Trioza vitiensis) werden erstmalig untersucht. Neun Arten besitzen denselben Karyotyp 2n = 24 + X; eine Art (L. juncorum) 2n = 22 + X. Auf Grund der bisher erforschten 49 Arten der Psylloidea werden ausgewahlte karyotaxonomische Probleme diskutiert.
Male karyotype and meiosis in four true bug species belonging to the families Reduviidae, Nabidae... more Male karyotype and meiosis in four true bug species belonging to the families Reduviidae, Nabidae, and Miridae (Cimicomorpha) were studied for the first time using Giemsa staining and FISH with 18S ribosomal DNA and telomeric (TTAGG)n probes. We found that Rhynocoris punctiventris (Herrich-Schäffer, 1846) and R. iracundus (Poda, 1761) (Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) had 2n = 28 (24 + X1X2X3Y), whereas Nabis sareptanus Dohrn, 1862 (Nabidae) and Horistus orientalis (Gmelin, 1790) (Miridae) had 2n = 34 (32 + XY) and 2n = 32 (30 + XY), respectively. FISH for 18S rDNA revealed hybridization signals on a sex chromosome, the X or the Y, in H. orientalis, on both X and Y chromosomes in N. sareptanus, and on two of the four sex chromosomes, Y and one of the Xs, in both species of Rhynocoris Hahn, 1834. The results of FISH with telomeric probes support with confidence the absence of the “insect” telomere motif (TTAGG)n in the families Nabidae and Miridae and its presence in both species of genus ...
Cacopsylla fraudatrix Labina & Kuznetsova sp.n., collected from Vaccinium myrtillus in Bieszczady... more Cacopsylla fraudatrix Labina & Kuznetsova sp.n., collected from Vaccinium myrtillus in Bieszczady Mountains (S. Poland) is described and compared with the most closely related species, C. myrtilli (developing on V. myrtillus) and C. ledi (on Ledum palustre) as well as with a distantly related species C. vaccinii (on V. bracteatum). The identity of the new species is supported by the structure of testes consisting of two follicles each, in contrast to four in C. myrtilli and C. ledi, and by a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on a 714 bp fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. C. fraudatrix sp. n. forms a distinct clade in MP, ML and BI trees and differs from C. myrtilli by 28 fixed nucleotide substitutions (uncorrected p-distance = 3.92%) and from C. ledi by 26 fixed nucleotide substitutions (uncorrected p-distance = 3.64%).
The karyotypes of 10 species from 9 genera of the family Tingidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimico... more The karyotypes of 10 species from 9 genera of the family Tingidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimicomorpha) are described and illustrated for the first time. These species are: Agrammaatricapillum (Spinola, 1837), Catoplatuscarthusianus (Goeze, 1778), Dictylaplatyoma (Fieber, 1861), Lasiacanthahermani Vásárhelyi, 1977, Oncochilasimplex (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830), Tingis (Neolasiotropis) pilosa Hummel, 1825, and T. (Tropidocheila) reticulata Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835, all with 2n = 12A + XY, as well as Acalyptamarginata (Wolff, 1804), Derephysia (Paraderephysia) longispina Golub, 1974, and Dictyonotastrichnocera Fieber, 1844, all with 2n = 12A + X(0). Moreover, genera Catoplatus Spinola, 1837, Derephysia Spinola, 1837, and Oncochila (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830) were explored cytogenetically for the first time. Much as all other hitherto studied lace bugs, the species studied here have 12 autosomes but differ in their sex chromosome systems. The ribosomal clusters were localized on male meioti...
Meiotic karyotypes were studied in males of Craspedolepta sonchi (Foerster, 1848), Diaphorina cho... more Meiotic karyotypes were studied in males of Craspedolepta sonchi (Foerster, 1848), Diaphorina chobauti Puton, 1898, D. lamproptera Burckhardt, 1981, Psylla hartigii Flor, 1861, Cacopsylla palmeni (Loew, 1878), C. hippophaes (Foerster, 1848), C. melanoneura (Foerster, 1868), C. pyricola (Foerster 1848), C. moscovita (Andrianova, 1848), Bactericera salicivora (Reuter, 1876), Trioza abdominalis Flor, 1861, T. lauri = Lauritrioza alacris (Flor, 1861). Karyotypes were 2n = 25 (24 + XO) in all species except B. salicivora with 2n = 26 (24 + neo-XY). Testes consisted of two follicles each in all species but P. hartigii with four-follicular testes in males. The discussion covers the problems of chromosome numbers, sex-determining chromosome systems, B-chromosomes, patterns of C-banding, testis structure, and spermatid development in Psylloidea.
Based on chromosomal, molecular and morphological analyses, two new Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 197... more Based on chromosomal, molecular and morphological analyses, two new Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 1970 species are described, C. lapponica S. Nokkala & Ch. Nokkala, sp. nov. and C. borealis S. Nokkala et Ch. Nokkala, sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Psylloidea). C. lapponica is a rare bisexual alpine species living on Vaccinium uliginosum Linnaeus, 1753 above tree line on northern hills, where it forms sympatric populations with C. myrtilli W. Wagner, 1947. So far, the species has been found in northern Finland, Utsjoki and Kilpisjärvi, and in northern Sweden, Abisko. The chromosome number in males is 2n = 12+X(0), characteristic of psyllids. The species is easily distinguished from C. myrtilli by its conspicuously smaller size mainly due to difference in wing size. Additional morphological differences are found in the length of antennae, female genital plates and male parameres. C. borealis, in turn, is a relatively common apomictic parthenogenetic species with 5n = 60 + XXXXX living on the same h...
The fourth industrial revolution is changing the technological face of the economy. Digital techn... more The fourth industrial revolution is changing the technological face of the economy. Digital technologies are especially widespread in it. They affect all areas of the economy. These changes require in-depth research. The purpose of the article is to analyze financial technologies considered as a factor in the development of the financial sector in the digital economy. To achieve this goal, methods of institutional, retrospective and comparative analysis, modeling and forecasting were used. As a result of the research, theoretical approaches to the study of digital financial technologies have been systematized; perspective areas of their application are considered; the prerequisites, factors and risks of their application in the financial sector are determined. The main trend in the considered area is the intensification of competition between banks and IT companies, which makes it necessary for banks to change the traditional banking business model. Banks will transform into IT comp...
Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference "Competitive, Sustainable and Secure Development of the Regional Economy: Response to Global Challenges" (CSSDRE 2018)
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