Eos is a technology demonstrator, designed to explore the capabilities of hybrid event detection ... more Eos is a technology demonstrator, designed to explore the capabilities of hybrid event detection technology, leveraging both Cherenkov and scintillation light simultaneously. With a fiducial mass of four tons, Eos is designed to operate in a high-precision regime, with sufficient size to utilize time-of-flight information for full event reconstruction, flexibility to demonstrate a range of cutting edge technologies, and simplicity of design to facilitate potential future deployment at alternative sites. Results from Eos can inform the design of future neutrino detectors for both fundamental physics and nonproliferation applications. This paper describes the conceptual design and potential applications of the Eos detector.
The SuperFGD detector will be a novel and important upgrade to the ND280 near detector for both t... more The SuperFGD detector will be a novel and important upgrade to the ND280 near detector for both the T2K and Hyper-Kamiokande projects. The main goal of the ND280 upgrade is to reduce systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino flux and cross-section modeling for future studies of neutrino oscillations using the T2K and Hyper-Kamiokande experiments. The upgraded ND280 detector will be able to perform a full exclusive reconstruction of the final state from neutrino-nucleus interactions, including measurements of low momentum protons, pions and for the first time, event-by event measurements of neutron kinematics. Precisely understanding the time resolution is critical for the neutron energy measurements and hence an important factor in reducing the systematic uncertainties. In this paper we present the results of time resolution measurements made with the SuperFGD prototype that consists of 9216 plastic scintillator cubes (cube size is 1 cm3) readout with 1728 wavelength-shiftin...
IsoDAR@Yemilab is a novel isotope-decay-at-rest experiment that has preliminary approval to run a... more IsoDAR@Yemilab is a novel isotope-decay-at-rest experiment that has preliminary approval to run at the Yemi underground laboratory (Yemilab) in Jeongseon-gun, South Korea. Here, we describe in detail the considerations for installing this compact particle accelerator and neutrino target system at the Yemilab underground facility. Specifically, we describe the caverns being prepared for IsoDAR, and address installation, shielding, and utilities requirements. To give context and for completeness, we also briefly describe the physics opportunities of the IsoDAR neutrino source when paired with the Liquid Scintillator Counter (LSC) at Yemilab, and review the technical design of the neutrino source.
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova ... more The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South D...
The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab will search for the conversion of a muon to an electron in the fi... more The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab will search for the conversion of a muon to an electron in the field of an atomic nucleus with unprecedented sensitivity. The experiment requires a beam consisting of proton bunches approximately 200ns FW long, separated by 1.7 microseconds, with no out-of-time protons at the 10⁻¹⁰ fractional level. The verification of this level of extinction is very challenging. The proposed technique uses a special purpose spectrometer which will observe particles scattered from the production target of the experiment. The acceptance will be limited such that there will be no saturation effects from the in-time beam. The precise level and profile of the out-of-time beam can then be built up statistically, by integrating over many bunches.
Dr. Bradley Edwards and Eric Westling have published what has to be the cheapest way to build a s... more Dr. Bradley Edwards and Eric Westling have published what has to be the cheapest way to build a space elevator in their book 'The Space Elevator - a revolutionary Earth-to-Space Transportation System'. The only thing missing at the moment is a Carbon Nanotube fabric strong enough to satisfy the strength requirements of the elevator. There are many reasons why this fabric will become available within the next few years, and the initial cost estimate of the elevator puts it within the ability of a corporation to build. This talk will cover the Edwards and Westling elevator design and construction scenario, and some conceptual design work by Bartoszek Engineering on the first construction climber. Once the CNT fabric becomes available, there are many other engineering, economic and regulatory hurdles to cross before the elevator becomes the cheapest way to transport cargo into space.
The EXO-200 experiment searched for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe with a single-phase l... more The EXO-200 experiment searched for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe with a single-phase liquid xenon detector. It used an active mass of 110 kg of 80.6%-enriched liquid xenon in an ultra-low background time projection chamber with ionization and scintillation detection and readout. This paper describes the design and performance of the various support systems necessary for detector operation, including cryogenics, xenon handling, and controls. Novel features of the system were driven by the need to protect the thin-walled detector chamber containing the liquid xenon, to achieve high chemical purity of the Xe, and to maintain thermal uniformity across the detector.
The Fermilab Antiproton Source has been in operation sinre October 1985 an&has been used to provi... more The Fermilab Antiproton Source has been in operation sinre October 1985 an&has been used to provide the antiprotons used in a five month long run of the Trvatron in the Collider mode. The performance of the Source during t.hat period is reviewed. The Source accumulated antiprcrtons at a rate of approximately 10% of the design value; the causes for this lower performance are discussed. Improvements in the stochastir rooling, the RF systems, and Lhe acceptance of the Accumulator are de&bed. I Performance The missing factor at the fourth stage may be due to limited acceptance at the Accumulator injection orbit; this factor is not wrl! understood. The factor of 1.05 at the next stage represents the ineffricnry of the Accumulator RF st.acking from t.he injection orbit to the edge of the stack tail stochastic cooling system; in reality it is an estimated upper limit, since it is diEcult to measure it. The stacking efficiency shown in Table 1, which is the fraction of the The Fermilab Anti...
Mature technology of Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers in conjunction with intense neutrino b... more Mature technology of Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers in conjunction with intense neutrino beams constructed at Fermilab offer a broad program of neutrino physics for the next decade.
The scientific international community in recent years has focused an increasing interest on the ... more The scientific international community in recent years has focused an increasing interest on the neutrino properties. The aim of the IsoDAR (Isotope Decay At Rest) experiment is to look for the existence of sterile neutrinos. To perform this experiment, a cyclotron able to deliver proton beam current up to 10 mA is proposed. This cyclotron is very similar to the DAE�/ ALUS injector cyclotron (DIC), but, due to the required higher average beam current and the experimental underground site, it poses a new ambitious goal in terms of technical solutions.
As part of a research project to accurately measure the properties of the charmed quark, Fermilab... more As part of a research project to accurately measure the properties of the charmed quark, Fermilab, Batavia, Ill., needed to construct a barrel-shaped structure containing 13 tons of lead glass in 1,280 individual pieces. This central calorimeter, the largest component of Experiment E760, is composed of 64 wedges, each containing 20 lead glass detectors aimed at a central interaction point lying on the centerline of the structure. The challenge of the E760 was to design and manufacture a support structure that would protect the fragile glass and photo tubes while keeping the glass blocks as close to each other as possible to minimize radiation absorbed or lost in the cracks. After more than a year of experimentation in manufacturing techniques, the solution which yielded the lightest, strongest, most stable, and precise structure was laser beam cutting 0.030- and 0.010-in.-thick stainless steel sheets and laser beam welding them together into a honeycomb structure. Individual sheet s...
This whitepaper describes the status of the DAEδALUS program for development of high power cyclot... more This whitepaper describes the status of the DAEδALUS program for development of high power cyclotrons as of the time of the final meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields 2013 Community Study (“Snowmass”). We report several new results, including a measurement capability between ∼4 and 12 degrees on the CP violating parameter in the neutrino sector. Past results, including the capability of the IsoDAR high ∆m2 ν̄e disappearance search, are reviewed. A discussion of the R&D successes, including construction of a beamline teststand, and future plans are provided. This text incorporates short whitepapers written for subgroups in the Intensity Frontier and Frontier Capabilities Working Groups that are available on the Snowmass website. ar X iv :1 30 7. 29 49 v1 [ ph ys ic s. ac cph ] 1 1 Ju l 2 01 3
This conceptual design report describes the technical facility for the IsoDAR electron-antineutri... more This conceptual design report describes the technical facility for the IsoDAR electron-antineutrino source at KamLAND. The IsoDAR source will allow an impressive program of neutrino oscillation and electroweak physics to be performed at KamLAND. This report provides information on the physics case, the conceptual design for the subsystems, alternative designs considered, specifics of installation at KamLAND, and identified needs for future development. We discuss the risks we have identified and our approach to mitigating those risks with this design. A substantial portion of the conceptual design is based on three years of experimental efforts and on industry experience. This report also includes information on the conventional facilities.
Eos is a technology demonstrator, designed to explore the capabilities of hybrid event detection ... more Eos is a technology demonstrator, designed to explore the capabilities of hybrid event detection technology, leveraging both Cherenkov and scintillation light simultaneously. With a fiducial mass of four tons, Eos is designed to operate in a high-precision regime, with sufficient size to utilize time-of-flight information for full event reconstruction, flexibility to demonstrate a range of cutting edge technologies, and simplicity of design to facilitate potential future deployment at alternative sites. Results from Eos can inform the design of future neutrino detectors for both fundamental physics and nonproliferation applications. This paper describes the conceptual design and potential applications of the Eos detector.
The SuperFGD detector will be a novel and important upgrade to the ND280 near detector for both t... more The SuperFGD detector will be a novel and important upgrade to the ND280 near detector for both the T2K and Hyper-Kamiokande projects. The main goal of the ND280 upgrade is to reduce systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino flux and cross-section modeling for future studies of neutrino oscillations using the T2K and Hyper-Kamiokande experiments. The upgraded ND280 detector will be able to perform a full exclusive reconstruction of the final state from neutrino-nucleus interactions, including measurements of low momentum protons, pions and for the first time, event-by event measurements of neutron kinematics. Precisely understanding the time resolution is critical for the neutron energy measurements and hence an important factor in reducing the systematic uncertainties. In this paper we present the results of time resolution measurements made with the SuperFGD prototype that consists of 9216 plastic scintillator cubes (cube size is 1 cm3) readout with 1728 wavelength-shiftin...
IsoDAR@Yemilab is a novel isotope-decay-at-rest experiment that has preliminary approval to run a... more IsoDAR@Yemilab is a novel isotope-decay-at-rest experiment that has preliminary approval to run at the Yemi underground laboratory (Yemilab) in Jeongseon-gun, South Korea. Here, we describe in detail the considerations for installing this compact particle accelerator and neutrino target system at the Yemilab underground facility. Specifically, we describe the caverns being prepared for IsoDAR, and address installation, shielding, and utilities requirements. To give context and for completeness, we also briefly describe the physics opportunities of the IsoDAR neutrino source when paired with the Liquid Scintillator Counter (LSC) at Yemilab, and review the technical design of the neutrino source.
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova ... more The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South D...
The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab will search for the conversion of a muon to an electron in the fi... more The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab will search for the conversion of a muon to an electron in the field of an atomic nucleus with unprecedented sensitivity. The experiment requires a beam consisting of proton bunches approximately 200ns FW long, separated by 1.7 microseconds, with no out-of-time protons at the 10⁻¹⁰ fractional level. The verification of this level of extinction is very challenging. The proposed technique uses a special purpose spectrometer which will observe particles scattered from the production target of the experiment. The acceptance will be limited such that there will be no saturation effects from the in-time beam. The precise level and profile of the out-of-time beam can then be built up statistically, by integrating over many bunches.
Dr. Bradley Edwards and Eric Westling have published what has to be the cheapest way to build a s... more Dr. Bradley Edwards and Eric Westling have published what has to be the cheapest way to build a space elevator in their book 'The Space Elevator - a revolutionary Earth-to-Space Transportation System'. The only thing missing at the moment is a Carbon Nanotube fabric strong enough to satisfy the strength requirements of the elevator. There are many reasons why this fabric will become available within the next few years, and the initial cost estimate of the elevator puts it within the ability of a corporation to build. This talk will cover the Edwards and Westling elevator design and construction scenario, and some conceptual design work by Bartoszek Engineering on the first construction climber. Once the CNT fabric becomes available, there are many other engineering, economic and regulatory hurdles to cross before the elevator becomes the cheapest way to transport cargo into space.
The EXO-200 experiment searched for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe with a single-phase l... more The EXO-200 experiment searched for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe with a single-phase liquid xenon detector. It used an active mass of 110 kg of 80.6%-enriched liquid xenon in an ultra-low background time projection chamber with ionization and scintillation detection and readout. This paper describes the design and performance of the various support systems necessary for detector operation, including cryogenics, xenon handling, and controls. Novel features of the system were driven by the need to protect the thin-walled detector chamber containing the liquid xenon, to achieve high chemical purity of the Xe, and to maintain thermal uniformity across the detector.
The Fermilab Antiproton Source has been in operation sinre October 1985 an&has been used to provi... more The Fermilab Antiproton Source has been in operation sinre October 1985 an&has been used to provide the antiprotons used in a five month long run of the Trvatron in the Collider mode. The performance of the Source during t.hat period is reviewed. The Source accumulated antiprcrtons at a rate of approximately 10% of the design value; the causes for this lower performance are discussed. Improvements in the stochastir rooling, the RF systems, and Lhe acceptance of the Accumulator are de&bed. I Performance The missing factor at the fourth stage may be due to limited acceptance at the Accumulator injection orbit; this factor is not wrl! understood. The factor of 1.05 at the next stage represents the ineffricnry of the Accumulator RF st.acking from t.he injection orbit to the edge of the stack tail stochastic cooling system; in reality it is an estimated upper limit, since it is diEcult to measure it. The stacking efficiency shown in Table 1, which is the fraction of the The Fermilab Anti...
Mature technology of Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers in conjunction with intense neutrino b... more Mature technology of Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers in conjunction with intense neutrino beams constructed at Fermilab offer a broad program of neutrino physics for the next decade.
The scientific international community in recent years has focused an increasing interest on the ... more The scientific international community in recent years has focused an increasing interest on the neutrino properties. The aim of the IsoDAR (Isotope Decay At Rest) experiment is to look for the existence of sterile neutrinos. To perform this experiment, a cyclotron able to deliver proton beam current up to 10 mA is proposed. This cyclotron is very similar to the DAE�/ ALUS injector cyclotron (DIC), but, due to the required higher average beam current and the experimental underground site, it poses a new ambitious goal in terms of technical solutions.
As part of a research project to accurately measure the properties of the charmed quark, Fermilab... more As part of a research project to accurately measure the properties of the charmed quark, Fermilab, Batavia, Ill., needed to construct a barrel-shaped structure containing 13 tons of lead glass in 1,280 individual pieces. This central calorimeter, the largest component of Experiment E760, is composed of 64 wedges, each containing 20 lead glass detectors aimed at a central interaction point lying on the centerline of the structure. The challenge of the E760 was to design and manufacture a support structure that would protect the fragile glass and photo tubes while keeping the glass blocks as close to each other as possible to minimize radiation absorbed or lost in the cracks. After more than a year of experimentation in manufacturing techniques, the solution which yielded the lightest, strongest, most stable, and precise structure was laser beam cutting 0.030- and 0.010-in.-thick stainless steel sheets and laser beam welding them together into a honeycomb structure. Individual sheet s...
This whitepaper describes the status of the DAEδALUS program for development of high power cyclot... more This whitepaper describes the status of the DAEδALUS program for development of high power cyclotrons as of the time of the final meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields 2013 Community Study (“Snowmass”). We report several new results, including a measurement capability between ∼4 and 12 degrees on the CP violating parameter in the neutrino sector. Past results, including the capability of the IsoDAR high ∆m2 ν̄e disappearance search, are reviewed. A discussion of the R&D successes, including construction of a beamline teststand, and future plans are provided. This text incorporates short whitepapers written for subgroups in the Intensity Frontier and Frontier Capabilities Working Groups that are available on the Snowmass website. ar X iv :1 30 7. 29 49 v1 [ ph ys ic s. ac cph ] 1 1 Ju l 2 01 3
This conceptual design report describes the technical facility for the IsoDAR electron-antineutri... more This conceptual design report describes the technical facility for the IsoDAR electron-antineutrino source at KamLAND. The IsoDAR source will allow an impressive program of neutrino oscillation and electroweak physics to be performed at KamLAND. This report provides information on the physics case, the conceptual design for the subsystems, alternative designs considered, specifics of installation at KamLAND, and identified needs for future development. We discuss the risks we have identified and our approach to mitigating those risks with this design. A substantial portion of the conceptual design is based on three years of experimental efforts and on industry experience. This report also includes information on the conventional facilities.
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