Icons are images of the people who are considered sacred in religion by traditional definition, l... more Icons are images of the people who are considered sacred in religion by traditional definition, like saints, and martyrs, which apply on the wooden plates. The visual representation and the symbolic appearance of icons are attributed to Eastern Christian and Byzantine culture in the 4th century. The depiction of the Mother Mary and Child, the Hodegetria from the 12th century, is known to be protected in the Hodegon Monastery in Constantinople. Christian art has many depictions of the Mother Mary and Child. It is accepted that was a symbol with miraculous iconic composition in many cultures of Orthodox painting derived from Byzantine culture to Russian icons. The Hodegetria icon was the most important because it is accepted with a protective role of the cities, including Constantinople and Russian cities throughout history. Over the centuries, the composition of Theotochus (Theotokos), Hodegetria, Blachernatissa, Kryotissa, and many more icons have been developed and reproduced. In this study, three icons from the Adana Museum were examined as icons of the Hodegetria and Our Lady of Kazan types. In the collection of the Adana Museum, a group of icons are reflecting the Post-Byzantine tradition in Russian art. Two of the icons with a cover of metal plate call attention to ornamental symbols like the cross, the crown, and the inscription like MP ΘV (Mater Theu), ICXC, alfa and omega, etc. One of them with the inscription ‘Kazanski’ which belongs to Kazan school. This icon with a yellow metal cover has a simple attempt to reflect the tradition. The Russian icon which is produced with the technique of mold on bronze reflects more tradition of Byzantine art. The icons have a long traditional past and nowadays Christian icon art would be defined as a Post-Byzantine tradition that passed through Russian art that continues today in Orthodox art.
In the province of Mersin, which is located within the borders of the historical Cilicia region, ... more In the province of Mersin, which is located within the borders of the historical Cilicia region, land and port settlements were established starting from the Hellenistic period and, during the Roman and Byzantine periods. For this reason, the region is very rich in terms of religious and civil architectural structures. The location and geographical features of the region have provided the development of main and secondary roads for transportation and trade throughout history. The fact that the region has a mountainous geographical structure has enabled the development of the transportation roads formed by the mountain passes in the Taurus Mountains.These main castles are started from the Cilician Gates (Pylae Ciliciae), Gülek, Çamlıyayla district Namrun (Lampron), Sinap, Çandır, Sinap, Gözne, Belenkeşlik, Güdübeş, Hebilli, Evcili (Evciler), Aslanköy, Hisar (Asar), Gediği, Fındıkpınar, Kaleburnu, Başnalar, Kuzucubelen and Tece. In this study, the locations of the medieval castles on the route from Gülek Castle to the south and the structures with similar characteristics in the world are discussed in terms of cultural heritage value, creation of a cultural roure and destination and suggestions are presented. The cultural heritage of Mersin on castles compared to UNESCO World Heritage lists and for the conclusion, reanimate the historical roads, restoration and renovation of this buildings and open to use cultural functions for the public are suggested. Keywords: Cilicia, Mersin, Medieval, castle, cultural heritage.
ÖZET Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya çıkarılması, ... more ÖZET Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya çıkarılması, bu kentlerin veya yerleşmelerin belgelerin yazıldığı dönemlerdeki konumu, yapısal durumu gibi niteliklerinin belirlenmesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Günümüze aktarılan bu kentler özellikle Roma ve Bizans devirlerinde limanların Akdeniz ticaret rotalarını oluşturduğu kıtalar arası bir karşılıklı bağlantıya ulaşmıştır. Makalede konu alınan coğrafyacı, tarihçi / tarih yazarı, seyyah, hidrolog, gibi çeşitli alanlardaki bilim insanlarının ve yazarların notları irdelendiğinde Roma ve Bizans limanlarıyla ilgili olarak bu limanların kullanıldıkları dönemde taşıdıkları özellikler ve yapısal bakımdan kanıtları belirlenmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra imparatorların liman yapılarına verdikleri değer, inşa edilen limanlar ve yapılan restorasyonlar ile ilgili kayıtlar da sunulmaktadır. Yüzyıllar içinde belirli alanlarda (liman konusundan yola çıkılarak) ortak terimler ve tanımlamalar kullanılmıştır. B...
Makalede Neo-Bizans bicemin ortaya cikisi, uygulandigi ulkelerdeki ve Istanbul’daki yapilar deger... more Makalede Neo-Bizans bicemin ortaya cikisi, uygulandigi ulkelerdeki ve Istanbul’daki yapilar degerlendirilmistir. Neo-Bizans akimi, 19. yuzyilin ilk yarisinda Avrupa’da ortaya cikmistir. Yapilan arastirmalar sonucunda akimin, bazilika, kubbeli bazilika, hac plani, kubbe, tugla-tas duzeni, sutun, sutun basligi, mozaik gibi ogelerin uygulanmasiyla olustugu belirlenmistir. Yapilan literatur arastirmasinda Neo-Bizans’in, Sirbistan, Bulgaristan, Fransa, Avusturya, Ingiltere, ABD, Kanada’da geleneksel mimarliga bagli olarak uygulandigi belirlenmistir. Uluslararasi Neo-Bizans akiminin hem sivil hem de dini yapilarda yerel ozelliklerle bicimlendigi dikkat cekmektedir. Neo-Bizans akimi Istanbul’da incelendiginde ise Fossatilerin Ayasofya’da insa ettikleri hunkar mahfilinin, en erken ornek oldugu anlasilmaktadir. Tipik bir ornek Alman Cesmesi ise Kayser II. Wilhelm’in armagani olarak At Meydani’na yerlestirilmistir. Istanbul’daki sivil mimari ornekleri ise Karakoy Palas, Macka Palas ile Fener ...
Mersin, Turkiye’nin Akdeniz kiyisinda 19. yuzyilin ilk yarisinda kurulmus bir liman kentidir. Gun... more Mersin, Turkiye’nin Akdeniz kiyisinda 19. yuzyilin ilk yarisinda kurulmus bir liman kentidir. Gunumuzde ise geleneksel kulturuyle birlikte kentsel mirasini korumaya calisan bir kent durumundadir. Degisen demografik yapisi ve mimarligiyla Anadolu’daki pek cok kent gibi kimligini koruma cabasindadir. Limanin ticari anlamda varligini surdurmesi Mersin’in onemini yitirmedigini gosterir. Diger taraftan ic ve dis goc alan bir kent olarak kulturel donusumu yasamaktadir. Kiyi seridi de dahil olmak uzere gokdelenlerin insasi, carpik kentlesmeyi getirmistir. Calismanin amaci Mersin kentinin evrim surecini gunumuze ulasan kent dokusu ve yapilariyla belirleyebilmektir. Makalede Pozcu, Camlibel, Kiremithane Mahallesi ekseninde kentsel bellegin izleri arastirilmistir. Bu semtler fotograflanarak modern kentin yani sira korunmasi gereken ve restore edilmis yapilar belgelenmistir. Sonuc olarak kentin yerlileri tarafindan sahiplenilmeye ve korunmaya calisilsa da kamu kurumlarinin sistemli bir bicimde...
OZ Makalede Marc Chagall’in sanat yapitlarinda kanatli figurler ve melek imgesine yaklasimi ile r... more OZ Makalede Marc Chagall’in sanat yapitlarinda kanatli figurler ve melek imgesine yaklasimi ile resimsel betime katkisi konu alinmistir. Ilk bakista Chagall, geleneksel Rus yasamini ve Ortodoks ikonografisini modern anlamda yorumlamis bir sanatcidir. Resimlerinde Hiristiyan ve Musevi dini sembollerini kullanmis ve geleneksel betimleri yeniden yorumlamistir. Sanatinin erken donemlerinden 1985’teki olumune kadar resim, gravur, vitray, heykel, kabartma gibi bircok teknigi denemis ve kullanmistir. Chagall resminde kanatli figurler ve melek imgesi dini ve gunluk yasam arasindaki sahnelerde onemli bir yere sahiptir. Sanatcinin Kutsal Kitap resimlerinden kilise ve sinagoglarda gerceklestirdigi vitraylara kadar bircok eserinde melek figuru izlenebilmektedir. Kokenini efsanevi kanatli varliklardan mitolojik figurlere kadar genis bir alanda bulabildigimiz bu figurlerin tek tanrili dinlerde varligini surdurmesi ortak kulturel bir bilince ait olduklarina isaret eder. Bu ortak kulturel imge Chag...
Turkiye, bircok ulkeden daha fazla sayida kulturel cesitlilige sahip oren yerlerine ve sit alanla... more Turkiye, bircok ulkeden daha fazla sayida kulturel cesitlilige sahip oren yerlerine ve sit alanlarina sahiptir. Somut kulturel mirasi olusturan sit alanlari ve oren yerleri guncel yerlesmelerle bir arada varligini surdurmektedir. Son yillarda tarihi eserlere ve alanlara yonelik ilgi ve merak, koruma konusunu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Tarihi eserleri, yapilari ve kalintilari korumayla ilgili yasalarin yururluge girmesi, Turkiye’de Avrupa ulkelerinden daha gec donemlerde gerceklestirilmistir. Ancak son yillarda yapilan calismalarla birlikte tum ulkede tarihsel deger tasiyan mimari yapilarin korunmasi, tanitilmasi ve yeni islevler kazandirilmasi soz konusudur. Mersin, kentsel ve kirsal alanda cok sayida oren yeri ve sit alaninin mevcut oldugu bir Dogu Akdeniz kentidir. Calismada Mersin ilinde kent merkezi ile kirsal kesimdeki tarihi kalintilara ait olan ve gunumuzde devsirme (spoli) malzeme biciminde kullanilan veya “benimsenen” mimari ogeler konu alinmistir. Ayrica gecmiste ve gun...
Sanatta zaman ve mekân algisinin kullanimi erken donem sanat eserlerinden baslayarak izlenebilir.... more Sanatta zaman ve mekân algisinin kullanimi erken donem sanat eserlerinden baslayarak izlenebilir. Resim sanatinda oykuleyici konularda uretilen sanat yapitlarinda zaman etkeni onemli yer tutmaktadir. Bu oykuleyici sanat yapitlarinda olaylar birbiri ardina ayni duzlemde resmedilmekteydi. 20. yuzyila gelindiginde ise 1960’li yillardan sonra sanat alaninda yaygin bicimde kullanilmaya baslayan video sanati zaman ve mekân donusturebilme ozelligi ile diger sanat uretim bicimlerinden ayri bir yere sahiptir. Hareketli goruntunun guncel sanat alaninda kullanilmasi teknolojinin getirdigi yeni olanaklar ile birlikte gerceklesmistir. Sanatciya yeni anlatim olanaklari acan video sanati, sanat izleyicisinin algisini yonlendirebilme olanagina da sahip olmustur. Istanbul Bienallerinden secilen ornekler dogrultusunda video sanatinin zaman ve mekân uzerine gerceklestirdigi sanatsal etki aciga cikarilmaktadir.
Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya cikarilmasi, bu ke... more Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya cikarilmasi, bu kentlerin veya yerlesmelerin belgelerin yazildigi donemlerdeki konumu, yapisal durumu gibi niteliklerinin belirlenmesi bakimindan onem tasimaktadir. Gunumuze aktarilan bu kentler ozellikle Roma ve Bizans devirlerinde limanlarin Akdeniz ticaret rotalarini olusturdugu kitalar arasi bir karsilikli baglantiya ulasmistir. Makalede konu alinan cografyaci, tarihci / tarih yazari, seyyah, hidrolog, gibi cesitli alanlardaki bilim insanlarinin ve yazarlarin notlari irdelendiginde Roma ve Bizans limanlariyla ilgili olarak bu limanlarin kullanildiklari donemde tasidiklari ozellikler ve yapisal bakimdan kanitlari belirlenmektedir. Bunlarin yani sira imparatorlarin liman yapilarina verdikleri deger, insa edilen limanlar ve yapilan restorasyonlar ile ilgili kayitlar da sunulmaktadir. Yuzyillar icinde belirli alanlarda (liman konusundan yola cikilarak) ortak terimler ve tanimlamalar kullanilmistir. Bu egi...
Turkey has a large number of historical and archaeological sites more than many countries that ha... more Turkey has a large number of historical and archaeological sites more than many countries that have historical value and cultural diversity. The tangible cultural heritage continues to coexist with present settlements. Recent years along with the interest and curiosity of historical monuments and areas bring the problems of conservation of them. In Turkey, the enactment of laws to conserve historical sites, structures and finds was carried out in a later stage than the European countries. However, with the increasing works that carried out in recent years, it is started to restore, conserve, and promote the historical buildings and give them new functions in the whole country. Mersin is an Eastern Mediterranean city of historical and archaeological importance, where there are many ruins and sites in urban and rural areas. In the article, the approach to cultural heritage was tried to be determined in Mersin city and some solutions were presented by focusing on protection problems. In this study, qualitative research methods are used. The data was carried out through exploratory research and collected through observation and interview. The are as where architectural finds are reused as spolia in the central and rural settlements of Mersin are documented with photographs, and the opinions of experts from Mersin were taken during the observation process. As a result of Mersin in Turkey as it is in general use and reused, including destruction There are two approaches. It can be said that historical architectural pieces were adopted as spolia in different settlements in Mersin but there was not enough awareness on the cultural heritage value of these works. Also in the observations made in rural areas, it has been determined that restoration and conservation works of historical assets are not adequately implemented and they are open to destruction. The benefit of realizing public education projects and ensuring sustainability is obvious in this regard.
Icons are images of the people who are considered sacred in religion by traditional definition, l... more Icons are images of the people who are considered sacred in religion by traditional definition, like saints, and martyrs, which apply on the wooden plates. The visual representation and the symbolic appearance of icons are attributed to Eastern Christian and Byzantine culture in the 4th century. The depiction of the Mother Mary and Child, the Hodegetria from the 12th century, is known to be protected in the Hodegon Monastery in Constantinople. Christian art has many depictions of the Mother Mary and Child. It is accepted that was a symbol with miraculous iconic composition in many cultures of Orthodox painting derived from Byzantine culture to Russian icons. The Hodegetria icon was the most important because it is accepted with a protective role of the cities, including Constantinople and Russian cities throughout history. Over the centuries, the composition of Theotochus (Theotokos), Hodegetria, Blachernatissa, Kryotissa, and many more icons have been developed and reproduced. In this study, three icons from the Adana Museum were examined as icons of the Hodegetria and Our Lady of Kazan types. In the collection of the Adana Museum, a group of icons are reflecting the Post-Byzantine tradition in Russian art. Two of the icons with a cover of metal plate call attention to ornamental symbols like the cross, the crown, and the inscription like MP ΘV (Mater Theu), ICXC, alfa and omega, etc. One of them with the inscription ‘Kazanski’ which belongs to Kazan school. This icon with a yellow metal cover has a simple attempt to reflect the tradition. The Russian icon which is produced with the technique of mold on bronze reflects more tradition of Byzantine art. The icons have a long traditional past and nowadays Christian icon art would be defined as a Post-Byzantine tradition that passed through Russian art that continues today in Orthodox art.
In the province of Mersin, which is located within the borders of the historical Cilicia region, ... more In the province of Mersin, which is located within the borders of the historical Cilicia region, land and port settlements were established starting from the Hellenistic period and, during the Roman and Byzantine periods. For this reason, the region is very rich in terms of religious and civil architectural structures. The location and geographical features of the region have provided the development of main and secondary roads for transportation and trade throughout history. The fact that the region has a mountainous geographical structure has enabled the development of the transportation roads formed by the mountain passes in the Taurus Mountains.These main castles are started from the Cilician Gates (Pylae Ciliciae), Gülek, Çamlıyayla district Namrun (Lampron), Sinap, Çandır, Sinap, Gözne, Belenkeşlik, Güdübeş, Hebilli, Evcili (Evciler), Aslanköy, Hisar (Asar), Gediği, Fındıkpınar, Kaleburnu, Başnalar, Kuzucubelen and Tece. In this study, the locations of the medieval castles on the route from Gülek Castle to the south and the structures with similar characteristics in the world are discussed in terms of cultural heritage value, creation of a cultural roure and destination and suggestions are presented. The cultural heritage of Mersin on castles compared to UNESCO World Heritage lists and for the conclusion, reanimate the historical roads, restoration and renovation of this buildings and open to use cultural functions for the public are suggested. Keywords: Cilicia, Mersin, Medieval, castle, cultural heritage.
ÖZET Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya çıkarılması, ... more ÖZET Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya çıkarılması, bu kentlerin veya yerleşmelerin belgelerin yazıldığı dönemlerdeki konumu, yapısal durumu gibi niteliklerinin belirlenmesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Günümüze aktarılan bu kentler özellikle Roma ve Bizans devirlerinde limanların Akdeniz ticaret rotalarını oluşturduğu kıtalar arası bir karşılıklı bağlantıya ulaşmıştır. Makalede konu alınan coğrafyacı, tarihçi / tarih yazarı, seyyah, hidrolog, gibi çeşitli alanlardaki bilim insanlarının ve yazarların notları irdelendiğinde Roma ve Bizans limanlarıyla ilgili olarak bu limanların kullanıldıkları dönemde taşıdıkları özellikler ve yapısal bakımdan kanıtları belirlenmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra imparatorların liman yapılarına verdikleri değer, inşa edilen limanlar ve yapılan restorasyonlar ile ilgili kayıtlar da sunulmaktadır. Yüzyıllar içinde belirli alanlarda (liman konusundan yola çıkılarak) ortak terimler ve tanımlamalar kullanılmıştır. B...
Makalede Neo-Bizans bicemin ortaya cikisi, uygulandigi ulkelerdeki ve Istanbul’daki yapilar deger... more Makalede Neo-Bizans bicemin ortaya cikisi, uygulandigi ulkelerdeki ve Istanbul’daki yapilar degerlendirilmistir. Neo-Bizans akimi, 19. yuzyilin ilk yarisinda Avrupa’da ortaya cikmistir. Yapilan arastirmalar sonucunda akimin, bazilika, kubbeli bazilika, hac plani, kubbe, tugla-tas duzeni, sutun, sutun basligi, mozaik gibi ogelerin uygulanmasiyla olustugu belirlenmistir. Yapilan literatur arastirmasinda Neo-Bizans’in, Sirbistan, Bulgaristan, Fransa, Avusturya, Ingiltere, ABD, Kanada’da geleneksel mimarliga bagli olarak uygulandigi belirlenmistir. Uluslararasi Neo-Bizans akiminin hem sivil hem de dini yapilarda yerel ozelliklerle bicimlendigi dikkat cekmektedir. Neo-Bizans akimi Istanbul’da incelendiginde ise Fossatilerin Ayasofya’da insa ettikleri hunkar mahfilinin, en erken ornek oldugu anlasilmaktadir. Tipik bir ornek Alman Cesmesi ise Kayser II. Wilhelm’in armagani olarak At Meydani’na yerlestirilmistir. Istanbul’daki sivil mimari ornekleri ise Karakoy Palas, Macka Palas ile Fener ...
Mersin, Turkiye’nin Akdeniz kiyisinda 19. yuzyilin ilk yarisinda kurulmus bir liman kentidir. Gun... more Mersin, Turkiye’nin Akdeniz kiyisinda 19. yuzyilin ilk yarisinda kurulmus bir liman kentidir. Gunumuzde ise geleneksel kulturuyle birlikte kentsel mirasini korumaya calisan bir kent durumundadir. Degisen demografik yapisi ve mimarligiyla Anadolu’daki pek cok kent gibi kimligini koruma cabasindadir. Limanin ticari anlamda varligini surdurmesi Mersin’in onemini yitirmedigini gosterir. Diger taraftan ic ve dis goc alan bir kent olarak kulturel donusumu yasamaktadir. Kiyi seridi de dahil olmak uzere gokdelenlerin insasi, carpik kentlesmeyi getirmistir. Calismanin amaci Mersin kentinin evrim surecini gunumuze ulasan kent dokusu ve yapilariyla belirleyebilmektir. Makalede Pozcu, Camlibel, Kiremithane Mahallesi ekseninde kentsel bellegin izleri arastirilmistir. Bu semtler fotograflanarak modern kentin yani sira korunmasi gereken ve restore edilmis yapilar belgelenmistir. Sonuc olarak kentin yerlileri tarafindan sahiplenilmeye ve korunmaya calisilsa da kamu kurumlarinin sistemli bir bicimde...
OZ Makalede Marc Chagall’in sanat yapitlarinda kanatli figurler ve melek imgesine yaklasimi ile r... more OZ Makalede Marc Chagall’in sanat yapitlarinda kanatli figurler ve melek imgesine yaklasimi ile resimsel betime katkisi konu alinmistir. Ilk bakista Chagall, geleneksel Rus yasamini ve Ortodoks ikonografisini modern anlamda yorumlamis bir sanatcidir. Resimlerinde Hiristiyan ve Musevi dini sembollerini kullanmis ve geleneksel betimleri yeniden yorumlamistir. Sanatinin erken donemlerinden 1985’teki olumune kadar resim, gravur, vitray, heykel, kabartma gibi bircok teknigi denemis ve kullanmistir. Chagall resminde kanatli figurler ve melek imgesi dini ve gunluk yasam arasindaki sahnelerde onemli bir yere sahiptir. Sanatcinin Kutsal Kitap resimlerinden kilise ve sinagoglarda gerceklestirdigi vitraylara kadar bircok eserinde melek figuru izlenebilmektedir. Kokenini efsanevi kanatli varliklardan mitolojik figurlere kadar genis bir alanda bulabildigimiz bu figurlerin tek tanrili dinlerde varligini surdurmesi ortak kulturel bir bilince ait olduklarina isaret eder. Bu ortak kulturel imge Chag...
Turkiye, bircok ulkeden daha fazla sayida kulturel cesitlilige sahip oren yerlerine ve sit alanla... more Turkiye, bircok ulkeden daha fazla sayida kulturel cesitlilige sahip oren yerlerine ve sit alanlarina sahiptir. Somut kulturel mirasi olusturan sit alanlari ve oren yerleri guncel yerlesmelerle bir arada varligini surdurmektedir. Son yillarda tarihi eserlere ve alanlara yonelik ilgi ve merak, koruma konusunu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Tarihi eserleri, yapilari ve kalintilari korumayla ilgili yasalarin yururluge girmesi, Turkiye’de Avrupa ulkelerinden daha gec donemlerde gerceklestirilmistir. Ancak son yillarda yapilan calismalarla birlikte tum ulkede tarihsel deger tasiyan mimari yapilarin korunmasi, tanitilmasi ve yeni islevler kazandirilmasi soz konusudur. Mersin, kentsel ve kirsal alanda cok sayida oren yeri ve sit alaninin mevcut oldugu bir Dogu Akdeniz kentidir. Calismada Mersin ilinde kent merkezi ile kirsal kesimdeki tarihi kalintilara ait olan ve gunumuzde devsirme (spoli) malzeme biciminde kullanilan veya “benimsenen” mimari ogeler konu alinmistir. Ayrica gecmiste ve gun...
Sanatta zaman ve mekân algisinin kullanimi erken donem sanat eserlerinden baslayarak izlenebilir.... more Sanatta zaman ve mekân algisinin kullanimi erken donem sanat eserlerinden baslayarak izlenebilir. Resim sanatinda oykuleyici konularda uretilen sanat yapitlarinda zaman etkeni onemli yer tutmaktadir. Bu oykuleyici sanat yapitlarinda olaylar birbiri ardina ayni duzlemde resmedilmekteydi. 20. yuzyila gelindiginde ise 1960’li yillardan sonra sanat alaninda yaygin bicimde kullanilmaya baslayan video sanati zaman ve mekân donusturebilme ozelligi ile diger sanat uretim bicimlerinden ayri bir yere sahiptir. Hareketli goruntunun guncel sanat alaninda kullanilmasi teknolojinin getirdigi yeni olanaklar ile birlikte gerceklesmistir. Sanatciya yeni anlatim olanaklari acan video sanati, sanat izleyicisinin algisini yonlendirebilme olanagina da sahip olmustur. Istanbul Bienallerinden secilen ornekler dogrultusunda video sanatinin zaman ve mekân uzerine gerceklestirdigi sanatsal etki aciga cikarilmaktadir.
Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya cikarilmasi, bu ke... more Tarihsel kaynaklar, Roma ve Bizans devirlerine ait kentlerin yerlerinin ortaya cikarilmasi, bu kentlerin veya yerlesmelerin belgelerin yazildigi donemlerdeki konumu, yapisal durumu gibi niteliklerinin belirlenmesi bakimindan onem tasimaktadir. Gunumuze aktarilan bu kentler ozellikle Roma ve Bizans devirlerinde limanlarin Akdeniz ticaret rotalarini olusturdugu kitalar arasi bir karsilikli baglantiya ulasmistir. Makalede konu alinan cografyaci, tarihci / tarih yazari, seyyah, hidrolog, gibi cesitli alanlardaki bilim insanlarinin ve yazarlarin notlari irdelendiginde Roma ve Bizans limanlariyla ilgili olarak bu limanlarin kullanildiklari donemde tasidiklari ozellikler ve yapisal bakimdan kanitlari belirlenmektedir. Bunlarin yani sira imparatorlarin liman yapilarina verdikleri deger, insa edilen limanlar ve yapilan restorasyonlar ile ilgili kayitlar da sunulmaktadir. Yuzyillar icinde belirli alanlarda (liman konusundan yola cikilarak) ortak terimler ve tanimlamalar kullanilmistir. Bu egi...
Turkey has a large number of historical and archaeological sites more than many countries that ha... more Turkey has a large number of historical and archaeological sites more than many countries that have historical value and cultural diversity. The tangible cultural heritage continues to coexist with present settlements. Recent years along with the interest and curiosity of historical monuments and areas bring the problems of conservation of them. In Turkey, the enactment of laws to conserve historical sites, structures and finds was carried out in a later stage than the European countries. However, with the increasing works that carried out in recent years, it is started to restore, conserve, and promote the historical buildings and give them new functions in the whole country. Mersin is an Eastern Mediterranean city of historical and archaeological importance, where there are many ruins and sites in urban and rural areas. In the article, the approach to cultural heritage was tried to be determined in Mersin city and some solutions were presented by focusing on protection problems. In this study, qualitative research methods are used. The data was carried out through exploratory research and collected through observation and interview. The are as where architectural finds are reused as spolia in the central and rural settlements of Mersin are documented with photographs, and the opinions of experts from Mersin were taken during the observation process. As a result of Mersin in Turkey as it is in general use and reused, including destruction There are two approaches. It can be said that historical architectural pieces were adopted as spolia in different settlements in Mersin but there was not enough awareness on the cultural heritage value of these works. Also in the observations made in rural areas, it has been determined that restoration and conservation works of historical assets are not adequately implemented and they are open to destruction. The benefit of realizing public education projects and ensuring sustainability is obvious in this regard.
24. ULUSLARARASI ORTAÇAĞ ve TÜRK DÖNEMİ KAZILARI ve SANAT TARİHİ ARAŞTIRMALARI KİTABI, 2021
The study is based on Basnalar Castle, located 15 km northwest of Mersin, near Insu village in Ye... more The study is based on Basnalar Castle, located 15 km northwest of Mersin, near Insu village in Yenisehir district. The castle was built on a hill that dominates the environment and it can be distinguished by its surrounding fortification and three bastions. As can be seen in many military defensive buildings in the region, the original name of the building could not be determined because of the limited historical information. The building is important as a medieval coastline, Arslankoy and Lycaonia. For this reason, it can be suggested that it carries security and surveillance functions in the region. The castle dates back to the Byzantine period and the 12th century with its masonry. It is understood that the structure is two storeys from the ruins that have reached the present day. In the 20th century, the Basnalar Castle was included in the works carried out by Edwards, Hild and Hellenkemper in different periods. It has been suggested that the castle was built to protect an out-of-use route in the North-South direction. In this study, it is intended to determine the location and importance of the structure in the region by determining the historical route where the castle structure is located. As a Byzantine structure of the Middle Ages due to he location and architectural features of Basnalar Castle, it could be describe as castra or aplekton. Due to the nature and human destruction of the building, it has been determined that it needs scientific research and conservation-restoration works.
Cilicia has a strategic location with a marine and terrestrial area in the eastern Mediterranean.... more Cilicia has a strategic location with a marine and terrestrial area in the eastern Mediterranean. And the Taurus mountains’ passes connect the overland routsto the sea routes. There are many castle structures on the route. It has been suggested that these buildings are houses or outposts that may be belonging to local lords. The buildings are dated to the period of the domination of the Armenian Kingdom between the years 1080-1375. The presence of a number of fortresses in the Cilicia region can be attributed to the concern of ensuring the safety of important routes connecting the road to the sea. The most important indicator of region’s participation in trade routes in southern Anatolia is the existence of mountain passages connecting the Mediterranean and Anatolia. The Cilician region provides transportation of the products to the terrestrial regions and the east and west trade to the ports of Cilicia with harbor settlements. The geopolitical and geostrategic position of the routes where the routes are connected is supported by mountain passages. In the article, Sinap, Gözne and Belenkeşlik fortresses are examined, among the medieval fortresses which are the most important evidence of the southern route of Cilicia. It has been determined that the protection and maintenance of the these castles cannot be fulfilled.
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Keywords: Cilicia, Mersin, Medieval, castle, cultural heritage.
In the article, the approach to cultural heritage was tried to be determined in Mersin city and some solutions were presented by focusing on protection problems. In this study, qualitative research methods are used. The data was carried out through exploratory research and collected through observation and interview. The are as where architectural finds are reused as spolia in the central and rural settlements of Mersin are documented with photographs, and the opinions of experts from Mersin were taken during the observation process.
As a result of Mersin in Turkey as it is in general use and reused, including destruction There are two approaches. It can be said that historical architectural pieces were adopted as spolia in different settlements in Mersin but there was not enough awareness on the cultural heritage value of these works. Also in the observations made in rural areas, it has been determined that restoration and conservation works of historical assets are not adequately implemented and they are open to destruction. The benefit of realizing public education projects and ensuring sustainability is obvious in this regard.
Keywords: Cilicia, Mersin, Medieval, castle, cultural heritage.
In the article, the approach to cultural heritage was tried to be determined in Mersin city and some solutions were presented by focusing on protection problems. In this study, qualitative research methods are used. The data was carried out through exploratory research and collected through observation and interview. The are as where architectural finds are reused as spolia in the central and rural settlements of Mersin are documented with photographs, and the opinions of experts from Mersin were taken during the observation process.
As a result of Mersin in Turkey as it is in general use and reused, including destruction There are two approaches. It can be said that historical architectural pieces were adopted as spolia in different settlements in Mersin but there was not enough awareness on the cultural heritage value of these works. Also in the observations made in rural areas, it has been determined that restoration and conservation works of historical assets are not adequately implemented and they are open to destruction. The benefit of realizing public education projects and ensuring sustainability is obvious in this regard.
In the 20th century, the Basnalar Castle was included in the works carried out by Edwards, Hild and Hellenkemper in different periods. It has been suggested that the castle was built to protect an out-of-use route in the North-South direction. In this study, it is intended to determine the location and importance of the structure in the region by
determining the historical route where the castle structure is located. As a Byzantine structure of the Middle Ages due to he location and architectural features of Basnalar Castle, it could be describe as castra or aplekton. Due to the nature and human destruction of the building, it has been determined that it needs scientific research and conservation-restoration works.