Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic cancer in western countries. New strategie... more Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic cancer in western countries. New strategies for managing high-grade muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are urgently required because MIBC has a high risk of recurrence and poor survival. A growing body of evidence indicates that microRNA has potent antitumorigenic properties in various cancers, and thus, therapeutic strategies based on microRNA may show promising results in cancer therapy. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database indicated that hsa-miR-30a-3p is downregulated in human BC. Our in vitro investigation demonstrated that hsa-miR-30a-3p suppresses the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 and reduces the cell invasive potential of BC cells. Furthermore, hsa-miR-30a-3p directly targets ATG5, ATG12, and Beclin 1; this in turn improves the chemosensitivity of BC cells to cisplatin through the repression of protective autophagy. In a tumor-xenograft mice model, hsa-miR-30a-3p suppressed ...
The catabolic process of autophagy is an essential cellular function that directs the breakdown a... more The catabolic process of autophagy is an essential cellular function that directs the breakdown and recycling of cellular macromolecules. Increased autophagy causes various cancers, mainly bladder cancer (BC), to survive under microenvironmental stress and promotes cancer cell growth and aggressiveness. Cancer cells with rapid proliferation require a high basal level of autophagy to deal with the increased metabolic rate that generates reactive oxygen species, misfolded proteins, and damaged organelles. The regulation of autophagy by a class of small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) in human cancer has been discovered in recent years. In BC, a high basal level of autophagy plays critical roles in cancer survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Some studies have suggested that miRNAs participate in regulating these functions. In this review, we focused on recent key findings in the study of dysregulated miRNAs and their involvement in the regulation of autophagy in BC.
Objective: Quercetin, a natural dietary compound, has been demonstrated with antitumor activities... more Objective: Quercetin, a natural dietary compound, has been demonstrated with antitumor activities against several types of cancers by disrupting cell cycle and inducing apoptotic cell death. However, human bladder cancer cells such as 5637 and T24 cells expressing mutant p53 are resistant to a 24 hrs quercetin treatment. In this study, the anticancer effect of quercetin was evaluated in these bladder cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The bladder cancer cells treated with quercetin were subjected to evaluated cell apoptosis by caspase activity, TUNEL assay and cell viability assay. The cell autophagy was assessed by detecting procession of LC3-II autophagic marker protein. Results: After 48 and 72 hrs of incubation, quercetin was found to be significantly effective in inhibiting proliferation of 5637 and T24 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Quercetin treatment increased the caspase 3/7 activities, percentage of subG0/G1 cells, and DNA fragmentation, indicating an induced apoptoti...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver malignancy, is the most common cancer in males an... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver malignancy, is the most common cancer in males and fourth common cancer in females in Taiwan. HCC patients usually have a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis. It has been classified as a complex disease because of the heterogeneous phenotypic and genetic traits of the patients and a wide range of risk factors. Micro (mi)RNAs regulate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are known to be dysregulated in HCC. Several studies have found an association between downregulation of miR-122, a liver-specific miRNA, and upregulation of paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10) in HCC; however, the correlation between low miR-122 and high PEG10 levels still remains to be defined and require more investigations to evaluate their performance as an effective prognostic biomarker for HCC. An in silico approach was used to isolate PEG10, a potential miR-122 target implicated in HCC development. miR-122S binding sites in the PEG10 promoter were evaluat...
TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral... more TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral targets. Neuronal TRPA1 can promote tissue repair, remove harmful stimuli and induce protective responses via the release of neuropeptides after the activation of the channel by chemical, exogenous, or endogenous irritants in the injured tissue. However, chronic inflammation after repeated noxious stimuli may result in the development of several diseases. In addition to sensory neurons, TRPA1, activated by inflammatory agents from some non-neuronal cells in the injured area or disease, might promote or protect disease progression. Therefore, TRPA1 works as a molecular sentinel of tissue damage or as an inflammation gatekeeper. Most kidney damage cases are associated with inflammation. In this review, we summarised the role of TRPA1 in neurogenic or non-neurogenic inflammation and in kidney disease, especially the non-neuronal TRPA1. In in vivo animal studies, TRPA1 prevented sepsis-indu...
Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic cancer in western countries. New strategie... more Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic cancer in western countries. New strategies for managing high-grade muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are urgently required because MIBC has a high risk of recurrence and poor survival. A growing body of evidence indicates that microRNA has potent antitumorigenic properties in various cancers, and thus, therapeutic strategies based on microRNA may show promising results in cancer therapy. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database indicated that hsa-miR-30a-3p is downregulated in human BC. Our in vitro investigation demonstrated that hsa-miR-30a-3p suppresses the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 and reduces the cell invasive potential of BC cells. Furthermore, hsa-miR-30a-3p directly targets ATG5, ATG12, and Beclin 1; this in turn improves the chemosensitivity of BC cells to cisplatin through the repression of protective autophagy. In a tumor-xenograft mice model, hsa-miR-30a-3p suppressed ...
The catabolic process of autophagy is an essential cellular function that directs the breakdown a... more The catabolic process of autophagy is an essential cellular function that directs the breakdown and recycling of cellular macromolecules. Increased autophagy causes various cancers, mainly bladder cancer (BC), to survive under microenvironmental stress and promotes cancer cell growth and aggressiveness. Cancer cells with rapid proliferation require a high basal level of autophagy to deal with the increased metabolic rate that generates reactive oxygen species, misfolded proteins, and damaged organelles. The regulation of autophagy by a class of small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) in human cancer has been discovered in recent years. In BC, a high basal level of autophagy plays critical roles in cancer survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Some studies have suggested that miRNAs participate in regulating these functions. In this review, we focused on recent key findings in the study of dysregulated miRNAs and their involvement in the regulation of autophagy in BC.
Objective: Quercetin, a natural dietary compound, has been demonstrated with antitumor activities... more Objective: Quercetin, a natural dietary compound, has been demonstrated with antitumor activities against several types of cancers by disrupting cell cycle and inducing apoptotic cell death. However, human bladder cancer cells such as 5637 and T24 cells expressing mutant p53 are resistant to a 24 hrs quercetin treatment. In this study, the anticancer effect of quercetin was evaluated in these bladder cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The bladder cancer cells treated with quercetin were subjected to evaluated cell apoptosis by caspase activity, TUNEL assay and cell viability assay. The cell autophagy was assessed by detecting procession of LC3-II autophagic marker protein. Results: After 48 and 72 hrs of incubation, quercetin was found to be significantly effective in inhibiting proliferation of 5637 and T24 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Quercetin treatment increased the caspase 3/7 activities, percentage of subG0/G1 cells, and DNA fragmentation, indicating an induced apoptoti...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver malignancy, is the most common cancer in males an... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver malignancy, is the most common cancer in males and fourth common cancer in females in Taiwan. HCC patients usually have a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis. It has been classified as a complex disease because of the heterogeneous phenotypic and genetic traits of the patients and a wide range of risk factors. Micro (mi)RNAs regulate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are known to be dysregulated in HCC. Several studies have found an association between downregulation of miR-122, a liver-specific miRNA, and upregulation of paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10) in HCC; however, the correlation between low miR-122 and high PEG10 levels still remains to be defined and require more investigations to evaluate their performance as an effective prognostic biomarker for HCC. An in silico approach was used to isolate PEG10, a potential miR-122 target implicated in HCC development. miR-122S binding sites in the PEG10 promoter were evaluat...
TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral... more TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral targets. Neuronal TRPA1 can promote tissue repair, remove harmful stimuli and induce protective responses via the release of neuropeptides after the activation of the channel by chemical, exogenous, or endogenous irritants in the injured tissue. However, chronic inflammation after repeated noxious stimuli may result in the development of several diseases. In addition to sensory neurons, TRPA1, activated by inflammatory agents from some non-neuronal cells in the injured area or disease, might promote or protect disease progression. Therefore, TRPA1 works as a molecular sentinel of tissue damage or as an inflammation gatekeeper. Most kidney damage cases are associated with inflammation. In this review, we summarised the role of TRPA1 in neurogenic or non-neurogenic inflammation and in kidney disease, especially the non-neuronal TRPA1. In in vivo animal studies, TRPA1 prevented sepsis-indu...
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