Background One of the frequently used methods for assessing research trends and the impact of pub... more Background One of the frequently used methods for assessing research trends and the impact of published scientific literature in a particular discipline is citation analysis. Journals may strive to improve their metrics by choosing manuscripts and study designs that are more likely to be cited. The aim of this study was to identify the 50 most-cited articles in the field of pediatrics, analyze their study design and other characteristics of those articles, and assess the prevalence of systematic reviews among them. Methods In December 2017, we searched Web of Science (WoS) for all articles published in the field of pediatrics. Two authors screened articles independently and in the further analysis included 50 articles with the highest number of citations. To avoid bias for scientific papers published earlier, the citation density was calculated. We also analyzed Journal Impact Factor (JIF) of journals where citation classics were published. Results The citation density in top 50 cit...
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between neuroticism, pain catastrophizin... more The aim of this study was to investigate the association between neuroticism, pain catastrophizing, and experimentally induced pain threshold and pain tolerance in a healthy adult sample from two regions of the country of Croatia: the island of Korcula and city of Split. A total of 1,322 participants were enrolled from the Island of Korcula (n = 824) and the city of Split (n = 498). Participants completed a self-reported personality measure Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and pain catastrophizing questionnaire Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), followed by a mechanical pain pressure threshold and tolerance test. We have explored the mediating role of catastrophizing in the relationship between neuroticism and pain intensity. The results showed that pain catastrophizing partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and pain intensity, suggesting the importance of pain catastrophizing in increasing vulnerability to pain. The results also indicated gender-related diffe...
Knowledge translation activities may be targeted towards all participants in healthcare practices... more Knowledge translation activities may be targeted towards all participants in healthcare practices, including patients, consumers, and policy makers. Hereby, use of social media, namely social network Facebook, as a tool for knowledge translation, promotion of evidence-based medicine and high-quality information on health is described. In March 2013, a Facebook page of the Croatian Cochrane Branch was created and its main content are translated plain language summaries (PLS) of the systematic reviews produced by The Cochrane Collaboration. Since the page was created it has gained 1441 followers, mostly from Croatia and neighboring countries with similar language. Most of the page followers are women aged 25 to 44 and the most popular content is related to pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Page followers are lay persons, health professionals and journalists, who further disseminate the page content. In summary, social media enables multiple possibilities to engage with target audience and to disseminate the evidence-based medicine content. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Regular use of evidence-based medicine (EBM) among general practitioners (GP) is insufficient. To... more Regular use of evidence-based medicine (EBM) among general practitioners (GP) is insufficient. To analyse whether knowledge and attitudes about EBM can be improved among mentors in general practice by involving sixth-year medical students as academic detailers. An interventional non-randomized before-and-after study included 98 GPs (49 in the intervention group of mentors and 49 controls) and 174 medical students attending family medicine clinical rotations. A telephone survey on knowledge and attitudes towards EBM was conducted among participating physicians before, and six months after the rotation. During the rotation, each mentor chose two cases from real life, and the students' task was to form an answerable clinical question, find the evidence-based answer and to write a brief report. The mentor reviewed the report and discussed it with the student. Students' EBM detailing intervention led to significant improvement in knowledge and attitudes about EBM in the intervention group of mentors in general practice compared to control GPs (relative increase in knowledge was 20 ± 46.9% vs 6 ± 12.1%, respectively; P = 0.042). Among participants with Ph.D. or specialization in family medicine, the observed effects of the intervention were similar as in the total sample, and statistically significant, but not in the group of participants with neither scientific degree nor specialization in family medicine. Knowledge and attitudes of GP mentors towards EBM can be improved by involving medical students as academic detailers. Further studies should explore the effectiveness of this method among GPs that are not mentors, and who do not have a specialization or research degree.
Evaluation of healthcare services by patients is an essential component of quality improvement. W... more Evaluation of healthcare services by patients is an essential component of quality improvement. We studied association between patient satisfaction and accessibility of healthcare services to patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. A hundred patients from the Pain Clinic, Split University Hospital Center, Split, Croatia, completed a 27-item questionnaire about their condition, duration of chronic pain treatment, access to healthcare, waiting times for various healthcare services, and their satisfaction with the pain clinic and health system. Patients were referred to the pain clinic after median of 4.5 years of chronic nonmalignant pain duration. Median waiting time for pain clinic appointment, seeing a specialist and performing diagnostic procedures was 10, 30 and 90 days, respectively. However, some patients waited for an appointment to a specialist and diagnosis for up to one year. Negative association was found between waiting time for pain clinic appointment and healthcare sys...
An association between dental fear and anxiety (DFA) has been confirmed for children younger than... more An association between dental fear and anxiety (DFA) has been confirmed for children younger than 8 years, but this association in older children is less clear. The aim of this study was to fill this knowledge gap by studying DFA in older children and their parents with validated measures. This cross-sectional study, conducted at Community Health Centre Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, included 114 children and their parents. DFA, coping, and sociodemographic variables were studied using Corah Dental Anxiety Questionnaire (CDAS), Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS), Dental Cope Questionnaire, and sociodemographic questionnaire. Maternal CDAS scores had significant positive correlation with child DFA measured with CFSS-DS (r=0.35, P<0.001) and CDAS (r=0.32, P<0.001). Fathers' CDAS scores were not associated with child CFSS-DS, but showed a moderate correlation with child CDAS (r=0.19, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in child...
Changes in calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) have been well demonstrated in nervous t... more Changes in calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) have been well demonstrated in nervous tissue of diabetic animal models. Skin shares the same ectodermal origin as nervous tissue and it is often affected in diabetic patients. The goal of this study was to analyze expression of CaMKII in rat foot pad 2 weeks and 2 months after induction of diabetes type 1 and 2. Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) was induced with intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) with a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and i.p. injection of low-dose STZ (35 mg/kg). Two weeks and two months following diabetes induction rats were sacrificed and skin samples from plantar surface of the both hind paws were removed. Immunohistochemistry was performed for detection of total CaMKII (tCaMKII) and its alpha isoform (pCaMKIIα). For detection of intraepidermal nerve fibers polyclonal antiserum against protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was used. The results showed that CaMKII was expressed in the skin of both diabetic models. Total CaMKII was uniformly distributed throughout the epidermis and pCaMKIIα was limited to stratum granulosum. The tCaMKII and pCaMKIIα were not expressed in intraepidermal nerve fibers. Two weeks after induction of diabetes in rats there were no significant differences in expression of tCaMKII and pCaMKIIα between DM1 and DM2 compared to respective controls. In the 2-month experiments, significant increase in epidermal expression of tCaMKII and pCaMKIIα was observed in DM1 animals compared to controls, but not in DM2 animals. This study is the first description of cutaneous CaMKII expression pattern in a diabetic model. CaMKII could play a role in transformation of skin layers and contribute to cutaneous diabetic changes. Further research on physiological role of CaMKII in skin and its role in cutaneous diabetic complications should be undertaken in order to elucidate its function in epidermis.
Women are underrepresented in the higher levels of appointment in academic medicine, despite the ... more Women are underrepresented in the higher levels of appointment in academic medicine, despite the so-called feminization of medicine. A 27-year (1979-2006) retrospective study was conducted regarding the success and advancement of women and men at the University of Split School of Medicine in Croatia. Data were collected from the school&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s archive, including number of women and men among applicants, enrollees, graduates, teachers, department chairs and the school management: high school grade averages and admission tests scores by applicant gender and gender-based graduation grade averages. The number and gender patterns of all employed and unemployed physicians in the Split-Dalmatia county were also collected. Men represent the minority among applicants, enrollees, and graduates, whereas women were in the minority among faculty, department chairs, and the school management across all 27 years. Graduation grades from high school and medical school showed that women were statistically better students, although the difference was slight. In the same geographic area, women are more often unemployed and less likely to specialize. More women are applying, enrolling and graduating from the University of Split School of Medicine. Women also perform statistically better on entrance exam and have better graduation grades, yet they remain a minority in faculty and leadership positions. A review of county-wise employment statistics revealed that women were more frequently unemployed and less likely to specialize in this study.
ABSTRACT The data about postdoctoral researchers&#39; careers are scarce. This study aims to ... more ABSTRACT The data about postdoctoral researchers&#39; careers are scarce. This study aims to characterize postdoctoral fellows (postdocs) at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern) and to understand how their training might be improved. A postdoctoral survey was performed at the UT Southwestern in April 2005 to generate more information about the profile, employment, training and career outlook of postdocs. Surveys were returned by 51% (301/586) of the postdocs. The survey revealed that individuals stay in postdoctoral positions longer than they would like because it is difficult to get a faculty position. The top priorities are job placement, salary and training opportunities, and majority of the postdocs would like to remain in science, despite the discouraging employment possibilities in academia. Results from this study indicate that the postdocs may not be provided with adequate training and employment opportunities, which is something that the academic institution should pay more attention to.
ABSTRACT HOW TO IMPROVE THE VISIBILITY OF RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRIES FROM THE ´SCIENTIFIC PERIPHER... more ABSTRACT HOW TO IMPROVE THE VISIBILITY OF RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRIES FROM THE ´SCIENTIFIC PERIPHERY´: A ´CASE STUDY´ A.Dzubur Kulenovic 1, L.Puljak 2, A.Ivanis 3, K.Vukojevic 2, L.Zaletel-Kragelj 4, D.Donev 5 1Department of Psychaitry, University of Sarajevo Clinical Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina, 2Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, 3Croatian Medical Journal, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia, 4Department for Public Health, University of Ljubljana Medical School, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 5Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Skopje, Skopje, FYR Macedonia Case history and symptoms: Small number of prestigious scientific journals publishes most of the world´s scientific information. Although scientists in developing countries represent 25% of the world´s scientific community national journals from this ´scientific periphery´ are poorly visible: the Science Citation Index (SCI) included less than 2% of these journals in 1995. Clinical presentation: A vicious cycle of inadequacy for these journals: small number and poor quality of manuscripts submitted, inadequate review process, and imperfect English prevents them from reaching higher visibility and eventually escaping form anonymity. Key problems seem to be poorly designed and unoriginal research, lack of knowledge of research methods and data presentation. Treatment: 1. Teaching principles of scientific research in medical schools. 2. Author-friendly editorial policy - a procedure where most of the articles received are pre-reviewed intramurally and improved by providing guidance to the authors, before being sent out for extramural review. 3. Proactive board of editors - who seek interesting research and encourage researchers to communicate their results. 4. Networking regional collaboration. Treatment outcome: In the case of Croatian Medical Journal (CMJ) that followed and partly developed the ´treatment´ described, such policy resulted in significant formal success - inclusion of CMJ in the most selective international indexing databases (MEDLINE, Current Contents and Web of Science), open access status, decent visibility and attention of researches (impact factor 1.2). The original, active and efficacious approach of the editors of CMJ will be analyzed in this presentation. Keywords: clinical research, medical journals, developing countries.
Sex differences in pain-related behavior and expression of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein k... more Sex differences in pain-related behavior and expression of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in dorsal root ganglia were studied in rat models of Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). DM1 was induced with 55mg/kg streptozotocin, and DM2 with a combination of high-fat diet and 35mg/kg of streptozotocin. Pain-related behavior was analyzed using thermal and mechanical stimuli. The expression of CaMKII was analyzed with immunofluorescence. Sexual dimorphism in glycemia, and expression of CaMKII was observed in the rat model of DM1, but not in DM2 animals. Increased expression of total CaMKII (tCaMKII) in small-diameter dorsal root ganglia neurons, which are associated with nociception, was found only in male DM1 rats. None of the animals showed increased expression of the phosphorylated alpha CaMKII isoform in small-diameter neurons. The expression of gamma and delta isoforms of CaMKII remained unchanged in all analyzed animal groups. Different patterns of glycemia and tCaMKII expression in male and female model of DM1 were not associated with sexual dimorphism in pain-related behavior. The present findings do not suggest sex-related differences in diabetic painful peripheral neuropathy in male and female diabetic rats.
Background One of the frequently used methods for assessing research trends and the impact of pub... more Background One of the frequently used methods for assessing research trends and the impact of published scientific literature in a particular discipline is citation analysis. Journals may strive to improve their metrics by choosing manuscripts and study designs that are more likely to be cited. The aim of this study was to identify the 50 most-cited articles in the field of pediatrics, analyze their study design and other characteristics of those articles, and assess the prevalence of systematic reviews among them. Methods In December 2017, we searched Web of Science (WoS) for all articles published in the field of pediatrics. Two authors screened articles independently and in the further analysis included 50 articles with the highest number of citations. To avoid bias for scientific papers published earlier, the citation density was calculated. We also analyzed Journal Impact Factor (JIF) of journals where citation classics were published. Results The citation density in top 50 cit...
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between neuroticism, pain catastrophizin... more The aim of this study was to investigate the association between neuroticism, pain catastrophizing, and experimentally induced pain threshold and pain tolerance in a healthy adult sample from two regions of the country of Croatia: the island of Korcula and city of Split. A total of 1,322 participants were enrolled from the Island of Korcula (n = 824) and the city of Split (n = 498). Participants completed a self-reported personality measure Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and pain catastrophizing questionnaire Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), followed by a mechanical pain pressure threshold and tolerance test. We have explored the mediating role of catastrophizing in the relationship between neuroticism and pain intensity. The results showed that pain catastrophizing partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and pain intensity, suggesting the importance of pain catastrophizing in increasing vulnerability to pain. The results also indicated gender-related diffe...
Knowledge translation activities may be targeted towards all participants in healthcare practices... more Knowledge translation activities may be targeted towards all participants in healthcare practices, including patients, consumers, and policy makers. Hereby, use of social media, namely social network Facebook, as a tool for knowledge translation, promotion of evidence-based medicine and high-quality information on health is described. In March 2013, a Facebook page of the Croatian Cochrane Branch was created and its main content are translated plain language summaries (PLS) of the systematic reviews produced by The Cochrane Collaboration. Since the page was created it has gained 1441 followers, mostly from Croatia and neighboring countries with similar language. Most of the page followers are women aged 25 to 44 and the most popular content is related to pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Page followers are lay persons, health professionals and journalists, who further disseminate the page content. In summary, social media enables multiple possibilities to engage with target audience and to disseminate the evidence-based medicine content. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Regular use of evidence-based medicine (EBM) among general practitioners (GP) is insufficient. To... more Regular use of evidence-based medicine (EBM) among general practitioners (GP) is insufficient. To analyse whether knowledge and attitudes about EBM can be improved among mentors in general practice by involving sixth-year medical students as academic detailers. An interventional non-randomized before-and-after study included 98 GPs (49 in the intervention group of mentors and 49 controls) and 174 medical students attending family medicine clinical rotations. A telephone survey on knowledge and attitudes towards EBM was conducted among participating physicians before, and six months after the rotation. During the rotation, each mentor chose two cases from real life, and the students&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; task was to form an answerable clinical question, find the evidence-based answer and to write a brief report. The mentor reviewed the report and discussed it with the student. Students&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; EBM detailing intervention led to significant improvement in knowledge and attitudes about EBM in the intervention group of mentors in general practice compared to control GPs (relative increase in knowledge was 20 ± 46.9% vs 6 ± 12.1%, respectively; P = 0.042). Among participants with Ph.D. or specialization in family medicine, the observed effects of the intervention were similar as in the total sample, and statistically significant, but not in the group of participants with neither scientific degree nor specialization in family medicine. Knowledge and attitudes of GP mentors towards EBM can be improved by involving medical students as academic detailers. Further studies should explore the effectiveness of this method among GPs that are not mentors, and who do not have a specialization or research degree.
Evaluation of healthcare services by patients is an essential component of quality improvement. W... more Evaluation of healthcare services by patients is an essential component of quality improvement. We studied association between patient satisfaction and accessibility of healthcare services to patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. A hundred patients from the Pain Clinic, Split University Hospital Center, Split, Croatia, completed a 27-item questionnaire about their condition, duration of chronic pain treatment, access to healthcare, waiting times for various healthcare services, and their satisfaction with the pain clinic and health system. Patients were referred to the pain clinic after median of 4.5 years of chronic nonmalignant pain duration. Median waiting time for pain clinic appointment, seeing a specialist and performing diagnostic procedures was 10, 30 and 90 days, respectively. However, some patients waited for an appointment to a specialist and diagnosis for up to one year. Negative association was found between waiting time for pain clinic appointment and healthcare sys...
An association between dental fear and anxiety (DFA) has been confirmed for children younger than... more An association between dental fear and anxiety (DFA) has been confirmed for children younger than 8 years, but this association in older children is less clear. The aim of this study was to fill this knowledge gap by studying DFA in older children and their parents with validated measures. This cross-sectional study, conducted at Community Health Centre Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, included 114 children and their parents. DFA, coping, and sociodemographic variables were studied using Corah Dental Anxiety Questionnaire (CDAS), Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS), Dental Cope Questionnaire, and sociodemographic questionnaire. Maternal CDAS scores had significant positive correlation with child DFA measured with CFSS-DS (r=0.35, P<0.001) and CDAS (r=0.32, P<0.001). Fathers' CDAS scores were not associated with child CFSS-DS, but showed a moderate correlation with child CDAS (r=0.19, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in child...
Changes in calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) have been well demonstrated in nervous t... more Changes in calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) have been well demonstrated in nervous tissue of diabetic animal models. Skin shares the same ectodermal origin as nervous tissue and it is often affected in diabetic patients. The goal of this study was to analyze expression of CaMKII in rat foot pad 2 weeks and 2 months after induction of diabetes type 1 and 2. Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) was induced with intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) with a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and i.p. injection of low-dose STZ (35 mg/kg). Two weeks and two months following diabetes induction rats were sacrificed and skin samples from plantar surface of the both hind paws were removed. Immunohistochemistry was performed for detection of total CaMKII (tCaMKII) and its alpha isoform (pCaMKIIα). For detection of intraepidermal nerve fibers polyclonal antiserum against protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was used. The results showed that CaMKII was expressed in the skin of both diabetic models. Total CaMKII was uniformly distributed throughout the epidermis and pCaMKIIα was limited to stratum granulosum. The tCaMKII and pCaMKIIα were not expressed in intraepidermal nerve fibers. Two weeks after induction of diabetes in rats there were no significant differences in expression of tCaMKII and pCaMKIIα between DM1 and DM2 compared to respective controls. In the 2-month experiments, significant increase in epidermal expression of tCaMKII and pCaMKIIα was observed in DM1 animals compared to controls, but not in DM2 animals. This study is the first description of cutaneous CaMKII expression pattern in a diabetic model. CaMKII could play a role in transformation of skin layers and contribute to cutaneous diabetic changes. Further research on physiological role of CaMKII in skin and its role in cutaneous diabetic complications should be undertaken in order to elucidate its function in epidermis.
Women are underrepresented in the higher levels of appointment in academic medicine, despite the ... more Women are underrepresented in the higher levels of appointment in academic medicine, despite the so-called feminization of medicine. A 27-year (1979-2006) retrospective study was conducted regarding the success and advancement of women and men at the University of Split School of Medicine in Croatia. Data were collected from the school&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s archive, including number of women and men among applicants, enrollees, graduates, teachers, department chairs and the school management: high school grade averages and admission tests scores by applicant gender and gender-based graduation grade averages. The number and gender patterns of all employed and unemployed physicians in the Split-Dalmatia county were also collected. Men represent the minority among applicants, enrollees, and graduates, whereas women were in the minority among faculty, department chairs, and the school management across all 27 years. Graduation grades from high school and medical school showed that women were statistically better students, although the difference was slight. In the same geographic area, women are more often unemployed and less likely to specialize. More women are applying, enrolling and graduating from the University of Split School of Medicine. Women also perform statistically better on entrance exam and have better graduation grades, yet they remain a minority in faculty and leadership positions. A review of county-wise employment statistics revealed that women were more frequently unemployed and less likely to specialize in this study.
ABSTRACT The data about postdoctoral researchers&#39; careers are scarce. This study aims to ... more ABSTRACT The data about postdoctoral researchers&#39; careers are scarce. This study aims to characterize postdoctoral fellows (postdocs) at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern) and to understand how their training might be improved. A postdoctoral survey was performed at the UT Southwestern in April 2005 to generate more information about the profile, employment, training and career outlook of postdocs. Surveys were returned by 51% (301/586) of the postdocs. The survey revealed that individuals stay in postdoctoral positions longer than they would like because it is difficult to get a faculty position. The top priorities are job placement, salary and training opportunities, and majority of the postdocs would like to remain in science, despite the discouraging employment possibilities in academia. Results from this study indicate that the postdocs may not be provided with adequate training and employment opportunities, which is something that the academic institution should pay more attention to.
ABSTRACT HOW TO IMPROVE THE VISIBILITY OF RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRIES FROM THE ´SCIENTIFIC PERIPHER... more ABSTRACT HOW TO IMPROVE THE VISIBILITY OF RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRIES FROM THE ´SCIENTIFIC PERIPHERY´: A ´CASE STUDY´ A.Dzubur Kulenovic 1, L.Puljak 2, A.Ivanis 3, K.Vukojevic 2, L.Zaletel-Kragelj 4, D.Donev 5 1Department of Psychaitry, University of Sarajevo Clinical Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina, 2Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, 3Croatian Medical Journal, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia, 4Department for Public Health, University of Ljubljana Medical School, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 5Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Skopje, Skopje, FYR Macedonia Case history and symptoms: Small number of prestigious scientific journals publishes most of the world´s scientific information. Although scientists in developing countries represent 25% of the world´s scientific community national journals from this ´scientific periphery´ are poorly visible: the Science Citation Index (SCI) included less than 2% of these journals in 1995. Clinical presentation: A vicious cycle of inadequacy for these journals: small number and poor quality of manuscripts submitted, inadequate review process, and imperfect English prevents them from reaching higher visibility and eventually escaping form anonymity. Key problems seem to be poorly designed and unoriginal research, lack of knowledge of research methods and data presentation. Treatment: 1. Teaching principles of scientific research in medical schools. 2. Author-friendly editorial policy - a procedure where most of the articles received are pre-reviewed intramurally and improved by providing guidance to the authors, before being sent out for extramural review. 3. Proactive board of editors - who seek interesting research and encourage researchers to communicate their results. 4. Networking regional collaboration. Treatment outcome: In the case of Croatian Medical Journal (CMJ) that followed and partly developed the ´treatment´ described, such policy resulted in significant formal success - inclusion of CMJ in the most selective international indexing databases (MEDLINE, Current Contents and Web of Science), open access status, decent visibility and attention of researches (impact factor 1.2). The original, active and efficacious approach of the editors of CMJ will be analyzed in this presentation. Keywords: clinical research, medical journals, developing countries.
Sex differences in pain-related behavior and expression of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein k... more Sex differences in pain-related behavior and expression of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in dorsal root ganglia were studied in rat models of Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). DM1 was induced with 55mg/kg streptozotocin, and DM2 with a combination of high-fat diet and 35mg/kg of streptozotocin. Pain-related behavior was analyzed using thermal and mechanical stimuli. The expression of CaMKII was analyzed with immunofluorescence. Sexual dimorphism in glycemia, and expression of CaMKII was observed in the rat model of DM1, but not in DM2 animals. Increased expression of total CaMKII (tCaMKII) in small-diameter dorsal root ganglia neurons, which are associated with nociception, was found only in male DM1 rats. None of the animals showed increased expression of the phosphorylated alpha CaMKII isoform in small-diameter neurons. The expression of gamma and delta isoforms of CaMKII remained unchanged in all analyzed animal groups. Different patterns of glycemia and tCaMKII expression in male and female model of DM1 were not associated with sexual dimorphism in pain-related behavior. The present findings do not suggest sex-related differences in diabetic painful peripheral neuropathy in male and female diabetic rats.
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