Purpose: To evaluate the impact of home quarantine on myopia progression in Indonesian children d... more Purpose: To evaluate the impact of home quarantine on myopia progression in Indonesian children during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included children aged 8-17 years old from 20 hospitals across 9 provinces in Indonesia. Medical records of children diagnosed with myopia and/or astigmatism were obtained and grouped to pre-pandemic (September 2019-March 2020) and pandemic periods (September 2021-May 2022). Patient demographics and spherical equivalents of refraction (SER) were collected. Direct or phone interviews were conducted with questions regarding the child’s screen time, outdoor activity time, break time in between gadget use, and sleep duration. Results: In total, 607 children were enrolled. There was a significant increase in SER progression (-0.97 ± 1.04 D, p<0.001). SER progression in Java-Bali was higher compared to others (-1.3± 1.18 D vs 0.57± 0.67 D, p<0.001). A total of 262 patients were interviewed. Younger age (OR: 2.5...
Highlight: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) that causes dry eyes becomes a health problem for colle... more Highlight: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) that causes dry eyes becomes a health problem for college students. Sodium hyaluronate eyedrops can be used as one of the CVS therapy strategies for students suffering from CVS. : The use of computers and mobile devices is increasing. Computers and mobile devices help our daily work or study. However, prolonged use of them may cause computer vision syndrome (CVS). Nowadays, CVS becomes a health problem for everyone working with computers or mobile devices including college students because it causes dry eyes. It may disrupt reading, doing professional work, or using a computer which is important for college students to complete academic tasks. Sodium hyaluronate can be used to overcome the dry eye problem due to CVS. To assess the effectiveness of sodium hyaluronate eyedrops on students suffering from CVS, pre- and post-administration of sodium hyaluronate was measured for two weeks. Inclusion criteria for this study were college students ...
Arare case of bilateral optic neuritis in 10 years old boy due to Multiple Sclerosis. A 10 years ... more Arare case of bilateral optic neuritis in 10 years old boy due to Multiple Sclerosis. A 10 years old boy suffered from sudden blurred vision on both eyes since 3 days before hospitalized. He also complained of acute periodically headache and pain on eye movement to all gaze. Visual acuity was one meter finger counting on both eyes. The eyes also have nystagmus. Pupillary examination showed bilateral midriatic pupil, decrease of direct light reflex, negative consensual light reflex, and negative RAPD. Fundal examination revealed bilateral optic disc swelling with splinter haemorrhage. Humphrey examination showed central scotoma on both eyes due to optic neuritis. MRI showed an active plaque lies below left thalamus suggest to Multiple Sclerosis lesion and thickening of both optic nerves which suggest to retrobulbar optic neuritis. Intravenous high dose methyl prednisolone was given immediately after consulting to neurologic and pediatric department. After one day of therapy, the pati...
The pupose of this study was in to report a rare case of congenital bilateral sixth nerve palsy, ... more The pupose of this study was in to report a rare case of congenital bilateral sixth nerve palsy, focusing on its management. Wereport the clinical findings of a 13-year-old boy who presented to our strabismus clinic with the chief complaint of squint on both eyesand got unusual head position since he was born. There was history of trauma when he was 8 months old. Ophthalmology examinationreveals visual acuity in the right and left eye was 20/20 cum correction. Prism cover test reveals esotropia of 95 prism dioptre. Therewere limitation in abduction on both eyes. There was no narrowing of palpebral fisure. Worth Four Dot Test examination revealssupression on his left eye. MRI examination did not performed due to socioeconomic reason. We performed two steps surgery in thispatient. We performed bimedial rectus recession as the first step and bilateral rectus resection sixth month later. In conclusion ourcase represents a rare case of congenital bilateral sixth nerve palsy treated by 2 ...
Introduction: Amblyopia significantly contributes to low vision and blindness in adults in an Ind... more Introduction: Amblyopia significantly contributes to low vision and blindness in adults in an Indonesian rural setting. The treatment of amblyopia, particularly anisometropic and/or strabismic amblyopia, has long been challenging for many clinicians. This study aims to report a promising result of refractive correction, occlusion therapy, and oral citicoline on mixed amblyopia with optic nerve hypoplasia in adult Indonesian patients. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old male with a chief complaint of blurry right eye since one year ago, becoming more severe lately. The patient had been strabismic since his childhood. History of using a -5 concave spherical lens on his RE, with the normal eye on his LE. Visual acuity (VA) of his RE was 3/60 and his LE was 6/30. The RE was deviated, with 30° of exotropia. Nystagmus was also found. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination found maculopathy and optic nerve hypoplasia in both eyes. We treated the patient with spectacles to correct the ...
Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immedi... more Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immediately after. We aim to find out visual acuity after congenital surgery between children under 2 years old and 2-17 years old after following up 3, 6, 12 months.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from medical record of congenital cataract aged ≤2 years and >2-17 years including age of surgery, frequency of eyes, sex, laterality, and visual acuity of patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All data analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.Results: 41 children (67 affected eyes) in which 45 eyes that were operated at aged ≤2 years and 22 eyes were operated at aged >2-17 years. There was average difference of visual acuity between age group of ≤2 years and >2-17 years while following-up 3 months (1.60 ± 0.34 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.67 logMAR, p = 0,003). Whereas in follow up 6 months (1.23 ± 0.47 logMAR, 1.15 ± 0.68 logMAR, p = 0,242) and 12 months (0.94 ± 0.4...
Introduction: One type of congenital defect, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA), is characte... more Introduction: One type of congenital defect, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA), is characterized by a single or many strands of connective tissue connecting the upper and lower eyelids. It occurs only infrequently at the lateral or medial canthus. The eyelids normally begin to form within the fifth month of pregnancy, and they usually begin to separate entirely into an upper and lower lid by the seventh month of pregnancy. This type of tissue always originates from the grey line, which is located anterior to the meibomian gland orifices and posterior to the cilia. Case presentation: A 22-day-old female child was taken to the Surabaya Eye Clinic with a congenital eye condition. Because his top and lower eyelids were stuck together at birth, she was unable to open his eyes fully. The infant, who weighed 2.8 kg at birth, was delivered by elective caesarean section at 39 weeks gestation to a 28-year-old primigravida mother. There were no abnormalities discovered during the prenata...
Purpose: To evaluate the impact of home quarantine on myopia progression in Indonesian children d... more Purpose: To evaluate the impact of home quarantine on myopia progression in Indonesian children during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included children aged 8-17 years old from 20 hospitals across 9 provinces in Indonesia. Medical records of children diagnosed with myopia and/or astigmatism were obtained and grouped to pre-pandemic (September 2019-March 2020) and pandemic periods (September 2021-May 2022). Patient demographics and spherical equivalents of refraction (SER) were collected. Direct or phone interviews were conducted with questions regarding the child’s screen time, outdoor activity time, break time in between gadget use, and sleep duration. Results: In total, 607 children were enrolled. There was a significant increase in SER progression (-0.97 ± 1.04 D, p<0.001). SER progression in Java-Bali was higher compared to others (-1.3± 1.18 D vs 0.57± 0.67 D, p<0.001). A total of 262 patients were interviewed. Younger age (OR: 2.5...
Highlight: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) that causes dry eyes becomes a health problem for colle... more Highlight: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) that causes dry eyes becomes a health problem for college students. Sodium hyaluronate eyedrops can be used as one of the CVS therapy strategies for students suffering from CVS. : The use of computers and mobile devices is increasing. Computers and mobile devices help our daily work or study. However, prolonged use of them may cause computer vision syndrome (CVS). Nowadays, CVS becomes a health problem for everyone working with computers or mobile devices including college students because it causes dry eyes. It may disrupt reading, doing professional work, or using a computer which is important for college students to complete academic tasks. Sodium hyaluronate can be used to overcome the dry eye problem due to CVS. To assess the effectiveness of sodium hyaluronate eyedrops on students suffering from CVS, pre- and post-administration of sodium hyaluronate was measured for two weeks. Inclusion criteria for this study were college students ...
Arare case of bilateral optic neuritis in 10 years old boy due to Multiple Sclerosis. A 10 years ... more Arare case of bilateral optic neuritis in 10 years old boy due to Multiple Sclerosis. A 10 years old boy suffered from sudden blurred vision on both eyes since 3 days before hospitalized. He also complained of acute periodically headache and pain on eye movement to all gaze. Visual acuity was one meter finger counting on both eyes. The eyes also have nystagmus. Pupillary examination showed bilateral midriatic pupil, decrease of direct light reflex, negative consensual light reflex, and negative RAPD. Fundal examination revealed bilateral optic disc swelling with splinter haemorrhage. Humphrey examination showed central scotoma on both eyes due to optic neuritis. MRI showed an active plaque lies below left thalamus suggest to Multiple Sclerosis lesion and thickening of both optic nerves which suggest to retrobulbar optic neuritis. Intravenous high dose methyl prednisolone was given immediately after consulting to neurologic and pediatric department. After one day of therapy, the pati...
The pupose of this study was in to report a rare case of congenital bilateral sixth nerve palsy, ... more The pupose of this study was in to report a rare case of congenital bilateral sixth nerve palsy, focusing on its management. Wereport the clinical findings of a 13-year-old boy who presented to our strabismus clinic with the chief complaint of squint on both eyesand got unusual head position since he was born. There was history of trauma when he was 8 months old. Ophthalmology examinationreveals visual acuity in the right and left eye was 20/20 cum correction. Prism cover test reveals esotropia of 95 prism dioptre. Therewere limitation in abduction on both eyes. There was no narrowing of palpebral fisure. Worth Four Dot Test examination revealssupression on his left eye. MRI examination did not performed due to socioeconomic reason. We performed two steps surgery in thispatient. We performed bimedial rectus recession as the first step and bilateral rectus resection sixth month later. In conclusion ourcase represents a rare case of congenital bilateral sixth nerve palsy treated by 2 ...
Introduction: Amblyopia significantly contributes to low vision and blindness in adults in an Ind... more Introduction: Amblyopia significantly contributes to low vision and blindness in adults in an Indonesian rural setting. The treatment of amblyopia, particularly anisometropic and/or strabismic amblyopia, has long been challenging for many clinicians. This study aims to report a promising result of refractive correction, occlusion therapy, and oral citicoline on mixed amblyopia with optic nerve hypoplasia in adult Indonesian patients. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old male with a chief complaint of blurry right eye since one year ago, becoming more severe lately. The patient had been strabismic since his childhood. History of using a -5 concave spherical lens on his RE, with the normal eye on his LE. Visual acuity (VA) of his RE was 3/60 and his LE was 6/30. The RE was deviated, with 30° of exotropia. Nystagmus was also found. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination found maculopathy and optic nerve hypoplasia in both eyes. We treated the patient with spectacles to correct the ...
Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immedi... more Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immediately after. We aim to find out visual acuity after congenital surgery between children under 2 years old and 2-17 years old after following up 3, 6, 12 months.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from medical record of congenital cataract aged ≤2 years and >2-17 years including age of surgery, frequency of eyes, sex, laterality, and visual acuity of patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All data analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.Results: 41 children (67 affected eyes) in which 45 eyes that were operated at aged ≤2 years and 22 eyes were operated at aged >2-17 years. There was average difference of visual acuity between age group of ≤2 years and >2-17 years while following-up 3 months (1.60 ± 0.34 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.67 logMAR, p = 0,003). Whereas in follow up 6 months (1.23 ± 0.47 logMAR, 1.15 ± 0.68 logMAR, p = 0,242) and 12 months (0.94 ± 0.4...
Introduction: One type of congenital defect, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA), is characte... more Introduction: One type of congenital defect, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA), is characterized by a single or many strands of connective tissue connecting the upper and lower eyelids. It occurs only infrequently at the lateral or medial canthus. The eyelids normally begin to form within the fifth month of pregnancy, and they usually begin to separate entirely into an upper and lower lid by the seventh month of pregnancy. This type of tissue always originates from the grey line, which is located anterior to the meibomian gland orifices and posterior to the cilia. Case presentation: A 22-day-old female child was taken to the Surabaya Eye Clinic with a congenital eye condition. Because his top and lower eyelids were stuck together at birth, she was unable to open his eyes fully. The infant, who weighed 2.8 kg at birth, was delivered by elective caesarean section at 39 weeks gestation to a 28-year-old primigravida mother. There were no abnormalities discovered during the prenata...
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