SummaryChitosan is a partially deacetylated linear polysaccharide composed of β-1,4-linked units ... more SummaryChitosan is a partially deacetylated linear polysaccharide composed of β-1,4-linked units of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine. As well as acting as a structural component of fungal cell walls, chitosan can be applied as a potent antifungal agent. However, the mode-of-action of chitosan in fungal pathogens is poorly understood.Here, we report that chitosan is effective for control of rice blast disease. Chitosan application impairs growth of the blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzaeand has a pronounced effect on appressorium-mediated plant infection. Chitosan inhibits septin-mediated F-actin re-modelling at the appressorium pore, thereby preventing re-polarisation of the infection cell and rice leaf cuticle penetration.We found that chitosan causes plasma membrane permeabilization ofM. oryzaeand affects NADPH oxidase-dependent synthesis of reactive oxygen species, essential for septin ring formation and fungal pathogenicity. Our data further show that the toxicity of chitosan t...
Chitosan has been reported to inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth in plant pathogens, b... more Chitosan has been reported to inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth in plant pathogens, but its mode of antifungal action is poorly understood. Following chitosan treatment, we characterized plasma membrane permeabilization, and cell death and lysis in the experimental model, Neurospora crassa. Rhodamine-labeled chitosan was used to show that chitosan is internalized by fungal cells. Cell viability stains and the calcium reporter, aequorin, were used to monitor plasma membrane permeabilization and cell death. Chitosan permeabilization of the fungal plasma membrane and its uptake into fungal cells was found to be energy dependent but not to involve endocytosis. Different cell types (conidia, germ tubes and vegetative hyphae) exhibited differential sensitivity to chitosan with ungerminated conidia being the most sensitive.
Tikhonov, VE, Lopez-Llorca, LV, Salinas, J., and Jansson, H.-B. 2002. Purification and characteri... more Tikhonov, VE, Lopez-Llorca, LV, Salinas, J., and Jansson, H.-B. 2002. Purification and characterization of chitinases from the nematophagous fungi Verticil- lium chlamydosporium and V. suchlasporium. Fungal Genetics and ...
SummaryChitosan is a partially deacetylated linear polysaccharide composed of β-1,4-linked units ... more SummaryChitosan is a partially deacetylated linear polysaccharide composed of β-1,4-linked units of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine. As well as acting as a structural component of fungal cell walls, chitosan can be applied as a potent antifungal agent. However, the mode-of-action of chitosan in fungal pathogens is poorly understood.Here, we report that chitosan is effective for control of rice blast disease. Chitosan application impairs growth of the blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzaeand has a pronounced effect on appressorium-mediated plant infection. Chitosan inhibits septin-mediated F-actin re-modelling at the appressorium pore, thereby preventing re-polarisation of the infection cell and rice leaf cuticle penetration.We found that chitosan causes plasma membrane permeabilization ofM. oryzaeand affects NADPH oxidase-dependent synthesis of reactive oxygen species, essential for septin ring formation and fungal pathogenicity. Our data further show that the toxicity of chitosan t...
Chitosan has been reported to inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth in plant pathogens, b... more Chitosan has been reported to inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth in plant pathogens, but its mode of antifungal action is poorly understood. Following chitosan treatment, we characterized plasma membrane permeabilization, and cell death and lysis in the experimental model, Neurospora crassa. Rhodamine-labeled chitosan was used to show that chitosan is internalized by fungal cells. Cell viability stains and the calcium reporter, aequorin, were used to monitor plasma membrane permeabilization and cell death. Chitosan permeabilization of the fungal plasma membrane and its uptake into fungal cells was found to be energy dependent but not to involve endocytosis. Different cell types (conidia, germ tubes and vegetative hyphae) exhibited differential sensitivity to chitosan with ungerminated conidia being the most sensitive.
Tikhonov, VE, Lopez-Llorca, LV, Salinas, J., and Jansson, H.-B. 2002. Purification and characteri... more Tikhonov, VE, Lopez-Llorca, LV, Salinas, J., and Jansson, H.-B. 2002. Purification and characterization of chitinases from the nematophagous fungi Verticil- lium chlamydosporium and V. suchlasporium. Fungal Genetics and ...
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