1 Associate Professor, Department of Fertility Studies, IIPS, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumba... more 1 Associate Professor, Department of Fertility Studies, IIPS, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai400088, India., Email: sanjayiips@yahoo.co.in 2 Rajesh K Chauhan, Joint Director, Population Research Centre, Department of Economics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow226 007 (UP), Email: rajesh_kumar_chauhan@hotmail.com 3 Research Scholar, IIPS, Mumbai, Email: kmmamta.manu@gmail.com 4 Research scholar in Applied Economics, Centre for Development Studies(JNU), Trivandrum Kerala, Email: padhi.balakrushna5@gmail.com
SummaryDemographic research in India over the last two decades has focused extensively on fertili... more SummaryDemographic research in India over the last two decades has focused extensively on fertility change and gender bias at the micro-level, and less has been done at the district level. Using data from the Census of India 1991–2011 and other sources, this paper shows the broad pattern of fertility transition and trends in the child sex ratio in India, and examines the determinants of the child sex ratio at the district level. During 1991–2011, while the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) declined by 1.2 children per woman, the child sex ratio fell by 30 points in the districts of India. However, the reduction in fertility was slower in the high-fertility compared with the low-fertility districts. The gender differential in under-five mortality increased in many districts of India over the study period. The decline in the child sex ratio was higher in the transitional compared with the low-fertility districts. The transitional districts are at higher risk of a low child sex ratio due to a...
India has seen a truly remarkable transition towards lower fertility over recent decades. The cou... more India has seen a truly remarkable transition towards lower fertility over recent decades. The country is on course to reach replacement level fertility by 2020. Yet, there is a large degree of variation between states. In some areas, for example, total fertility rates are as low as 1.6 or 1.7.Profound changes in fertility preferences have accompanied this fertility transition. In particular, there has been a strong shift towards a two-child norm. In recent years, however, there has been developing evidence of a growing ideation towards having just one-child. This phenomenon has been associated with the rise of the Indian middle class and has been the subject of some attention in both academic and popular circles. Using evidence from the National Family Health Survey, this chapter explores this phenomenon in the Indian context. In doing so, we explore the possible implications both for the future direction of fertility transition in India, as well as for the family as an institution.
1 Associate Professor, Department of Fertility Studies, IIPS, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumba... more 1 Associate Professor, Department of Fertility Studies, IIPS, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai400088, India., Email: sanjayiips@yahoo.co.in 2 Rajesh K Chauhan, Joint Director, Population Research Centre, Department of Economics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow226 007 (UP), Email: rajesh_kumar_chauhan@hotmail.com 3 Research Scholar, IIPS, Mumbai, Email: kmmamta.manu@gmail.com 4 Research scholar in Applied Economics, Centre for Development Studies(JNU), Trivandrum Kerala, Email: padhi.balakrushna5@gmail.com
SummaryDemographic research in India over the last two decades has focused extensively on fertili... more SummaryDemographic research in India over the last two decades has focused extensively on fertility change and gender bias at the micro-level, and less has been done at the district level. Using data from the Census of India 1991–2011 and other sources, this paper shows the broad pattern of fertility transition and trends in the child sex ratio in India, and examines the determinants of the child sex ratio at the district level. During 1991–2011, while the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) declined by 1.2 children per woman, the child sex ratio fell by 30 points in the districts of India. However, the reduction in fertility was slower in the high-fertility compared with the low-fertility districts. The gender differential in under-five mortality increased in many districts of India over the study period. The decline in the child sex ratio was higher in the transitional compared with the low-fertility districts. The transitional districts are at higher risk of a low child sex ratio due to a...
India has seen a truly remarkable transition towards lower fertility over recent decades. The cou... more India has seen a truly remarkable transition towards lower fertility over recent decades. The country is on course to reach replacement level fertility by 2020. Yet, there is a large degree of variation between states. In some areas, for example, total fertility rates are as low as 1.6 or 1.7.Profound changes in fertility preferences have accompanied this fertility transition. In particular, there has been a strong shift towards a two-child norm. In recent years, however, there has been developing evidence of a growing ideation towards having just one-child. This phenomenon has been associated with the rise of the Indian middle class and has been the subject of some attention in both academic and popular circles. Using evidence from the National Family Health Survey, this chapter explores this phenomenon in the Indian context. In doing so, we explore the possible implications both for the future direction of fertility transition in India, as well as for the family as an institution.
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