The aims of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of ammoniated (palm press fiber) PPF and c... more The aims of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of ammoniated (palm press fiber) PPF and cassava leaves supplementation on digestibility and liveweight gain of sheep. The experiment was conducted at UPT and the Ruminant Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University. The treatment was arranged in randomized blok design consisting of three treatments and five replicates. The total number of experimental units were 15 units, each unit consisted of a head 0f 1 – 1.5 years old local rams with the initial live weight 10 – 14 kg. The treatments were A = 50% nature grass and 50% concentrate; B = 50% of PPF, previously treated by 6% urea and 50% concentrate; C = B + 15% cassava leaves. The result indicated that animals on the amoniated PPF diet (B) has lower digestibility than those on nature grass (51.16 vs 64, 51%). The supplementation of 15 % cassava leaves increased the digestibility of amoniated PPF diet (C) 51.16 to 57.98%. The liveweight gain of rams fed P...
Rumen microbes need minerals for supporting its gro wth and activity in fermenting and digesting ... more Rumen microbes need minerals for supporting its gro wth and activity in fermenting and digesting feeds. However, the supply of minerals should match the amount of energy that is available for microbial growth and protein synthesis, and for fer m ntation. An experiment is carried out to study th e importance of phosphorous (P) supplementation in ra t ons containing ammoniated rice straw (RS) and concentrate on its fermentability, microbial protei n synthesis and degradability. The in vitro experiment was carried out following the first stag e of Tilley and Terry method. The treatments consisting of four diets were A = 50% ammoniated ri ce straw (RS) + 50% concentrate (control), B = A + P supplement at 0.2%, C = A + P supplement at 0.4 %, and D = A + P supplement at 0.6%. Completely randomized design was used as the experi mental design with differences among treatment means were examined using Duncan multiple range tes t. Variables measured were ammonia (NH 3) and volatile fatty acid...
Background and Aim: Probiotic supplementation can assist with manipulating the rumen microbial ec... more Background and Aim: Probiotic supplementation can assist with manipulating the rumen microbial ecosystem. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast from fermented fish (Budu) as the indigenous food from West Sumatra, Indonesia, are potential probiotics for livestock. This study aims to select the best candidate lactic acid bacteria and yeast strains from fermented fish as ruminant probiotics and evaluate the effect of their supplementation on the characteristics of rumen fermentation, feed digestion, and total gas production in vitro. Materials and Methods: This study used nine treatments, performed in triplicate, in a completely randomized design. The substrate ratio comprised of 70% Pennisetum purpureum forage and 30% concentrate. Five lactic acid bacteria and three yeast isolates were used in this study. Treatments were as follows: T0: control (basal diet); T1: T0 + Lactobacillus parabuchneri strain 3347; T2: T0 + Lactobacillus buchneri strain 5296; T3: T0 + Lactobacillus harbinensis JCM 16...
The effect of phosphorus supplementation of ammoniated rice straw was studied. The in vitro exper... more The effect of phosphorus supplementation of ammoniated rice straw was studied. The in vitro experiment was carried out following the first stage of Tilley and Terry method. The treatments consisting of four diets were A = 50% ammoniated rice straw + 50% concentrate (control), B = A + 0.2% Phosphor (P) supplement, C = A + 0.4% Phosphor (P) supplement, and D = A + 0.6% Phosphor (P) supplement of dry matter. Completely randomized design was used as the experimental design with differences among treatment means were examined using Duncan multiple range test. Variables measured were total bacterial and cellulolytic bacterial population, cellulolytic enzyme activity, ammonia (NH3) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, as fermentability indicators and synthesized microbial protein, as well as degradability indicators including dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and cellulose. The results indicated that fermentability and ...
ABSTRACTSupplementation of cellulase enzyme to agro-industrial residues can increase the nutriti... more ABSTRACTSupplementation of cellulase enzyme to agro-industrial residues can increase the nutritional value of the product. Advances in industrial biotechnology offer potential opportunities for economic utilization of agro-industrial residues such as palm pres fiber, rice straw, corn straw and bagase for animal feed. Bagase is a complex material, is the major by product of the sugar cane industry. This experiment examined the effect of applying a cellulase enzyme (Siqma & Co) on the digestibility of bagase in vitro. The enzyme was applied in liquid form at concentrations 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 (g/100 g DM) to bagase. The bagase was incubated with enzyme for 48 h before in vitro digestion. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber in vitro was detected. The results showed that digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber were significantly different (P<0.01) across treatments. The increased of the cellulase enzyme supplemented to bagase can increased the nu...
The aim of this experiment was to obtain the best level of supplementation of Saccharomyces cerev... more The aim of this experiment was to obtain the best level of supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in improving the digestibility and fermentability of ammoniated rice straw in the rumen. This experiment used completely randomized design, with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The experimental substrates composed of 50% ammoniated rice and 50% concentrate, and this substrate was used as a control substrate (A). The rice straw was previously treated with 4% urea. The crude protein of the substrate was 12%. S. cerevisiae was added in the diet at 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75% on dry matter in diet B, C and D respectively. In vitro fermentability and degradability of nutrients were determined following the first stage of the Tilley and Terry procedure (1969). Ruminal fluid was obtained from a cannulated steer. The parameters measured were dry matter digestibility, organic matter, cellulose, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), pH, concentration of ammonia (NH3), volatile ...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi mineral sulfur pada serbuk sabut ... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi mineral sulfur pada serbuk sabut kelapa fermentasi dalam meningkatkan kecernaan dan fermentabilitas serbuk sabut kelapa. Serbuk sabut kelapa terlebih dahulu difermentasi dengan menggunakan mikroba selulolitik rumen se1ama 24 jam dengan dosis inokulum mikroba 1()9 cfu/ml Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok(RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah level pemberian sulfur yaitu . 0, 0.1, 0.2 dan 0.3% dari bahan kering. Hasn penelitian memperJihatkan bahwa penambahart mineral sulfur mampu meningkatkan kecernaan dan ferm.entabilitas serbuk sabut kelapa ferm.entasi. Level sulfur terbaik adalah 0.2%dati bahan kering.
The greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate growth response and proline content of wild e... more The greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate growth response and proline content of wild elephant grass (Pennisetum polystachion) to NPK fertilization and water stress. A factorial experiment in the base of completely randomized was performed design with 2 factors, replicated 3 time. Factors were (i) NPK fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg-ha), (ii) water stress (80, 60 and 40% of field capacity). Observed parameters were plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and root to shoot ratio and proline content of wild elephant grass. Results showed that NPK fertilizer significant (P>0.05) increased plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves, leaf area and root dry weight, but did not affect (P 0.05) plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot weight and root to shoot ratio. No interaction (P>0.05) between NPK fertilization and water stress treatments on all observed parameter. The study showed ...
The continuous increase in population and life style, will result in increased demand for animal ... more The continuous increase in population and life style, will result in increased demand for animal protein. Animal protein from beef will be among the animal protein sources of paramount importance due to the large size of beef cattle and the volume of meat it can produce at a time. In Indonesia, comparison between national beef production and consumption reveals a deficit and about 51% of beef are imported from other countries. It is estimated that conditions of this nature will continue to increase every year. One of the problems in the development of ruminants is forage availability since forage serves as the main feed for ruminants. Forage availability in Indonesia is affected by differences in geographical conditions in each region and changes in productive forage land for animal feeds into housing, industry and oil plantations. Indonesia has a high oil palm plantation of about 11,9 million Ha in 2016 and is expected to increase to 14.03 million Ha in 2018. Oil palm plantations n...
The aims of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of ammoniated (palm press fiber) PPF and c... more The aims of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of ammoniated (palm press fiber) PPF and cassava leaves supplementation on digestibility and liveweight gain of sheep. The experiment was conducted at UPT and the Ruminant Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University. The treatment was arranged in randomized blok design consisting of three treatments and five replicates. The total number of experimental units were 15 units, each unit consisted of a head 0f 1 – 1.5 years old local rams with the initial live weight 10 – 14 kg. The treatments were A = 50% nature grass and 50% concentrate; B = 50% of PPF, previously treated by 6% urea and 50% concentrate; C = B + 15% cassava leaves. The result indicated that animals on the amoniated PPF diet (B) has lower digestibility than those on nature grass (51.16 vs 64, 51%). The supplementation of 15 % cassava leaves increased the digestibility of amoniated PPF diet (C) 51.16 to 57.98%. The liveweight gain of rams fed P...
Rumen microbes need minerals for supporting its gro wth and activity in fermenting and digesting ... more Rumen microbes need minerals for supporting its gro wth and activity in fermenting and digesting feeds. However, the supply of minerals should match the amount of energy that is available for microbial growth and protein synthesis, and for fer m ntation. An experiment is carried out to study th e importance of phosphorous (P) supplementation in ra t ons containing ammoniated rice straw (RS) and concentrate on its fermentability, microbial protei n synthesis and degradability. The in vitro experiment was carried out following the first stag e of Tilley and Terry method. The treatments consisting of four diets were A = 50% ammoniated ri ce straw (RS) + 50% concentrate (control), B = A + P supplement at 0.2%, C = A + P supplement at 0.4 %, and D = A + P supplement at 0.6%. Completely randomized design was used as the experi mental design with differences among treatment means were examined using Duncan multiple range tes t. Variables measured were ammonia (NH 3) and volatile fatty acid...
Background and Aim: Probiotic supplementation can assist with manipulating the rumen microbial ec... more Background and Aim: Probiotic supplementation can assist with manipulating the rumen microbial ecosystem. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast from fermented fish (Budu) as the indigenous food from West Sumatra, Indonesia, are potential probiotics for livestock. This study aims to select the best candidate lactic acid bacteria and yeast strains from fermented fish as ruminant probiotics and evaluate the effect of their supplementation on the characteristics of rumen fermentation, feed digestion, and total gas production in vitro. Materials and Methods: This study used nine treatments, performed in triplicate, in a completely randomized design. The substrate ratio comprised of 70% Pennisetum purpureum forage and 30% concentrate. Five lactic acid bacteria and three yeast isolates were used in this study. Treatments were as follows: T0: control (basal diet); T1: T0 + Lactobacillus parabuchneri strain 3347; T2: T0 + Lactobacillus buchneri strain 5296; T3: T0 + Lactobacillus harbinensis JCM 16...
The effect of phosphorus supplementation of ammoniated rice straw was studied. The in vitro exper... more The effect of phosphorus supplementation of ammoniated rice straw was studied. The in vitro experiment was carried out following the first stage of Tilley and Terry method. The treatments consisting of four diets were A = 50% ammoniated rice straw + 50% concentrate (control), B = A + 0.2% Phosphor (P) supplement, C = A + 0.4% Phosphor (P) supplement, and D = A + 0.6% Phosphor (P) supplement of dry matter. Completely randomized design was used as the experimental design with differences among treatment means were examined using Duncan multiple range test. Variables measured were total bacterial and cellulolytic bacterial population, cellulolytic enzyme activity, ammonia (NH3) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, as fermentability indicators and synthesized microbial protein, as well as degradability indicators including dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and cellulose. The results indicated that fermentability and ...
ABSTRACTSupplementation of cellulase enzyme to agro-industrial residues can increase the nutriti... more ABSTRACTSupplementation of cellulase enzyme to agro-industrial residues can increase the nutritional value of the product. Advances in industrial biotechnology offer potential opportunities for economic utilization of agro-industrial residues such as palm pres fiber, rice straw, corn straw and bagase for animal feed. Bagase is a complex material, is the major by product of the sugar cane industry. This experiment examined the effect of applying a cellulase enzyme (Siqma & Co) on the digestibility of bagase in vitro. The enzyme was applied in liquid form at concentrations 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 (g/100 g DM) to bagase. The bagase was incubated with enzyme for 48 h before in vitro digestion. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber in vitro was detected. The results showed that digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber were significantly different (P<0.01) across treatments. The increased of the cellulase enzyme supplemented to bagase can increased the nu...
The aim of this experiment was to obtain the best level of supplementation of Saccharomyces cerev... more The aim of this experiment was to obtain the best level of supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in improving the digestibility and fermentability of ammoniated rice straw in the rumen. This experiment used completely randomized design, with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The experimental substrates composed of 50% ammoniated rice and 50% concentrate, and this substrate was used as a control substrate (A). The rice straw was previously treated with 4% urea. The crude protein of the substrate was 12%. S. cerevisiae was added in the diet at 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75% on dry matter in diet B, C and D respectively. In vitro fermentability and degradability of nutrients were determined following the first stage of the Tilley and Terry procedure (1969). Ruminal fluid was obtained from a cannulated steer. The parameters measured were dry matter digestibility, organic matter, cellulose, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), pH, concentration of ammonia (NH3), volatile ...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi mineral sulfur pada serbuk sabut ... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi mineral sulfur pada serbuk sabut kelapa fermentasi dalam meningkatkan kecernaan dan fermentabilitas serbuk sabut kelapa. Serbuk sabut kelapa terlebih dahulu difermentasi dengan menggunakan mikroba selulolitik rumen se1ama 24 jam dengan dosis inokulum mikroba 1()9 cfu/ml Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok(RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah level pemberian sulfur yaitu . 0, 0.1, 0.2 dan 0.3% dari bahan kering. Hasn penelitian memperJihatkan bahwa penambahart mineral sulfur mampu meningkatkan kecernaan dan ferm.entabilitas serbuk sabut kelapa ferm.entasi. Level sulfur terbaik adalah 0.2%dati bahan kering.
The greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate growth response and proline content of wild e... more The greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate growth response and proline content of wild elephant grass (Pennisetum polystachion) to NPK fertilization and water stress. A factorial experiment in the base of completely randomized was performed design with 2 factors, replicated 3 time. Factors were (i) NPK fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg-ha), (ii) water stress (80, 60 and 40% of field capacity). Observed parameters were plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and root to shoot ratio and proline content of wild elephant grass. Results showed that NPK fertilizer significant (P>0.05) increased plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves, leaf area and root dry weight, but did not affect (P 0.05) plant height, number of tiller, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot weight and root to shoot ratio. No interaction (P>0.05) between NPK fertilization and water stress treatments on all observed parameter. The study showed ...
The continuous increase in population and life style, will result in increased demand for animal ... more The continuous increase in population and life style, will result in increased demand for animal protein. Animal protein from beef will be among the animal protein sources of paramount importance due to the large size of beef cattle and the volume of meat it can produce at a time. In Indonesia, comparison between national beef production and consumption reveals a deficit and about 51% of beef are imported from other countries. It is estimated that conditions of this nature will continue to increase every year. One of the problems in the development of ruminants is forage availability since forage serves as the main feed for ruminants. Forage availability in Indonesia is affected by differences in geographical conditions in each region and changes in productive forage land for animal feeds into housing, industry and oil plantations. Indonesia has a high oil palm plantation of about 11,9 million Ha in 2016 and is expected to increase to 14.03 million Ha in 2018. Oil palm plantations n...
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