PC-SPES is a potent eight-herb formulation sold directly to consumers; it has promising efficacy ... more PC-SPES is a potent eight-herb formulation sold directly to consumers; it has promising efficacy in the treatment of prostate cancer (CaP). The product induces a castrate status in most, if not all, men, resulting in a 50% or greater prostate-specific antigen reduction in the great majority of men with androgen-dependent CaP and in more than one half of the men with androgen-independent CaP. The duration of response is not yet clear. The efficacy of PC-SPES appears to exceed that of androgen ablation alone, but is not necessarily separate from an estrogenic effect. Common side effects include gynecomastia, nipple tenderness, loss of libido, and impotency; uncommon side effects include a 4% incidence of thromboembolic phenomena, but also two reports of bleeding diatheses. The mechanisms of action may involve downregulation of the androgen receptor, induction of apoptosis by way of inhibition of the bcl-2 gene, and increased expression of p53. Two marker compounds in PC-SPES are baicalin and oridonin, both of which exhibit antiproliferative effects in CaP cell lines. Thousands of men are currently obtaining this nonprescription medicine, and physicians should ask patients specifically about its use. PC-SPES is of great interest in men with androgen-independent CaP, an area in which future research should be primarily directed.
Rhodium complexes of the chiral cationic phosphine, (S,S)-2,4-bis[bis-(p-N,N.N-trimethyl-ammonium... more Rhodium complexes of the chiral cationic phosphine, (S,S)-2,4-bis[bis-(p-N,N.N-trimethyl-ammoniumphenyl)phosphino]pentane show excellent enantioselectivity for the hydrogenation of the DOPA precursor. (Z)-3-OMe,4-OAcC6H3CHC(COOH)(NHCOCH3), and dehydro-phenylalanineacetamide as slurries in water. The catalytic reactions may be done in either a two-phase system with the catalyst in the aqueous phase or as a slurry in water provided the substrates have some water solubility. Enantioselectivities of as high as 95% can be obtained.
Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 2003
The coordinated regulation of chemokine responsiveness plays a critical role in the development o... more The coordinated regulation of chemokine responsiveness plays a critical role in the development of humoral immunity. After antigen challenge and B cell activation, the emerging plasma cells (PCs) undergo CXCL12-induced chemotaxis to the bone marrow, where they produce Ab and persist. Here we show that PCs, but not B cells or T cells from lupus-prone NZM mice, are deficient in CXCL12-induced migration. PC unresponsiveness to CXCL12 results in a marked accumulation of PCs in the spleen of mice, and a concordant decrease in bone marrow PCs. Unlike normal mice, in NZM mice, a majority of the splenic PCs are long-lived. This deficiency is a consequence of the genetic interactions of multiple systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility loci.
This paper establishes the existence of a statistical link between the occurrences of Pc 3 emissi... more This paper establishes the existence of a statistical link between the occurrences of Pc 3 emissions and traveling current vortices (TCV's). It is found that 70-90% of TCV's are accompanied by Pc 3 emission and that about half of all Pc 3 bursts are accompanied by TCV's. Statistical analysis confirms that the relationship is not random. Five possible explanations are studied: that the Pc 3's are produced within the TCV flux tube, that the TCV's duct the Pc 3's directly to the ground along open field lines, that TCV's duct the Pc 3's directly to the ground along closed field lines, that TCV's increase the transmissivity of the magnetosphere for frequencies in the Pc 3 range, and that Pc 3's and TCV's are not physically related but are merely generated with overlapping dependences on IMF and solar wind parameters. Comparing the dependences of standalone Pc 3's and TCV-concurrent Pc 3's on IMF and solar wind parameters suggests that the two phenomena are of the same upstream solar wind origin. Therefore the Pc 3's are not generated within the TCV flux tube. Analysis of Pc 3 emissions in the solar wind suggests that Pc 3's in space are generated independently of TCV's but transmit to the ground preferentially during TCV's. Therefore Pc 3's and TCV's are not merely generated by overlapping IMF and solar wind conditions. Comparing the geographical shape and motion of TCV's to that of Pc 3 ground illumination areas suggests that the Pc 3's do not move with the TCV flux tube. Therefore TCV's do not duct Pc 3's directly to the ground along open or closed field lines. The remaining explanation is that the TCV process increases the transmissivity of the magnetopause for frequencies in the Pc 3 range.
PC-SPES is a potent eight-herb formulation sold directly to consumers; it has promising efficacy ... more PC-SPES is a potent eight-herb formulation sold directly to consumers; it has promising efficacy in the treatment of prostate cancer (CaP). The product induces a castrate status in most, if not all, men, resulting in a 50% or greater prostate-specific antigen reduction in the great majority of men with androgen-dependent CaP and in more than one half of the men with androgen-independent CaP. The duration of response is not yet clear. The efficacy of PC-SPES appears to exceed that of androgen ablation alone, but is not necessarily separate from an estrogenic effect. Common side effects include gynecomastia, nipple tenderness, loss of libido, and impotency; uncommon side effects include a 4% incidence of thromboembolic phenomena, but also two reports of bleeding diatheses. The mechanisms of action may involve downregulation of the androgen receptor, induction of apoptosis by way of inhibition of the bcl-2 gene, and increased expression of p53. Two marker compounds in PC-SPES are baicalin and oridonin, both of which exhibit antiproliferative effects in CaP cell lines. Thousands of men are currently obtaining this nonprescription medicine, and physicians should ask patients specifically about its use. PC-SPES is of great interest in men with androgen-independent CaP, an area in which future research should be primarily directed.
Rhodium complexes of the chiral cationic phosphine, (S,S)-2,4-bis[bis-(p-N,N.N-trimethyl-ammonium... more Rhodium complexes of the chiral cationic phosphine, (S,S)-2,4-bis[bis-(p-N,N.N-trimethyl-ammoniumphenyl)phosphino]pentane show excellent enantioselectivity for the hydrogenation of the DOPA precursor. (Z)-3-OMe,4-OAcC6H3CHC(COOH)(NHCOCH3), and dehydro-phenylalanineacetamide as slurries in water. The catalytic reactions may be done in either a two-phase system with the catalyst in the aqueous phase or as a slurry in water provided the substrates have some water solubility. Enantioselectivities of as high as 95% can be obtained.
Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 2003
The coordinated regulation of chemokine responsiveness plays a critical role in the development o... more The coordinated regulation of chemokine responsiveness plays a critical role in the development of humoral immunity. After antigen challenge and B cell activation, the emerging plasma cells (PCs) undergo CXCL12-induced chemotaxis to the bone marrow, where they produce Ab and persist. Here we show that PCs, but not B cells or T cells from lupus-prone NZM mice, are deficient in CXCL12-induced migration. PC unresponsiveness to CXCL12 results in a marked accumulation of PCs in the spleen of mice, and a concordant decrease in bone marrow PCs. Unlike normal mice, in NZM mice, a majority of the splenic PCs are long-lived. This deficiency is a consequence of the genetic interactions of multiple systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility loci.
This paper establishes the existence of a statistical link between the occurrences of Pc 3 emissi... more This paper establishes the existence of a statistical link between the occurrences of Pc 3 emissions and traveling current vortices (TCV's). It is found that 70-90% of TCV's are accompanied by Pc 3 emission and that about half of all Pc 3 bursts are accompanied by TCV's. Statistical analysis confirms that the relationship is not random. Five possible explanations are studied: that the Pc 3's are produced within the TCV flux tube, that the TCV's duct the Pc 3's directly to the ground along open field lines, that TCV's duct the Pc 3's directly to the ground along closed field lines, that TCV's increase the transmissivity of the magnetosphere for frequencies in the Pc 3 range, and that Pc 3's and TCV's are not physically related but are merely generated with overlapping dependences on IMF and solar wind parameters. Comparing the dependences of standalone Pc 3's and TCV-concurrent Pc 3's on IMF and solar wind parameters suggests that the two phenomena are of the same upstream solar wind origin. Therefore the Pc 3's are not generated within the TCV flux tube. Analysis of Pc 3 emissions in the solar wind suggests that Pc 3's in space are generated independently of TCV's but transmit to the ground preferentially during TCV's. Therefore Pc 3's and TCV's are not merely generated by overlapping IMF and solar wind conditions. Comparing the geographical shape and motion of TCV's to that of Pc 3 ground illumination areas suggests that the Pc 3's do not move with the TCV flux tube. Therefore TCV's do not duct Pc 3's directly to the ground along open or closed field lines. The remaining explanation is that the TCV process increases the transmissivity of the magnetopause for frequencies in the Pc 3 range.
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