Nicotine users are at greater risk of developing alcohol dependence. Conversely, alcohol is often... more Nicotine users are at greater risk of developing alcohol dependence. Conversely, alcohol is often consumed when young people test tobacco. The prevalence of smokers is high among alcohol dependent individuals and people who overconsume alcohol get more nicotine withdrawal symptoms when trying to quit tobacco and are less likely to succeed. Alcohol as well as smoking provides a high burden of disease, and combined use often causes multiplier damage effects. Alcohol dependent persons die more often from smoking-related illness than from alcohol. Nicotine cessation is more successful if alcohol advice is included. Cross-tolerance and other interactions between nicotine and opioids increase the likelihood of dependence. Tobacco smokers need higher opioid doses against pain. Despite evidence of association between smoking and chronic pain, understanding of causality is limited. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of opioid dependence. Nicotine is recognized as an important underlying factor. Further research in humans concerning the interactions between nicotine and opioids is urgent. Treatment of nicotine dependence in the medical management of opioid dependence seems promising, but at what point in the course - simultaneously, shortly after, or far behind - has yet to be determined.
What is the adaptive value of schooling and how do fish manage to synchronize movements? Visual c... more What is the adaptive value of schooling and how do fish manage to synchronize movements? Visual confusion and possibly more significant, complex, overlapping acoustic signals that confuse predators' octavolateralis and electrosensory system may increase fitness. Schooling may create a weblike, information chain: Movements of informed fish cause physical change in the substrate and multisensory information reaches the brain of the nearest neighbor, generating behavioral change, resulting in physical change in the substrate and so forth. A multisensory approach may improve the understanding of schooling behavior. The beat in music possibly echoes a multisensory, social phenomenon that originated in our vertebrate ancestors.
IntroductionTobacco is still one of the single most important risk factors among the lifestyle ha... more IntroductionTobacco is still one of the single most important risk factors among the lifestyle habits that cause morbidity and mortality in humans. Furthermore, tobacco has a heavy social gradient, as the consequences are even worse among disadvantaged and vulnerable groups. To reduce tobacco-related inequity in health, those most in need should be offered the most effective tobacco cessation intervention. The aim of this study is to facilitate and improve the evaluation of already implemented national tobacco cessation efforts, focusing on 10 disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of tobacco users.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective cohort study. Data will be collected by established tobacco cessation counsellors in Sweden. The study includes adult tobacco or e-cigarette users, including disadvantaged and vulnerable patients, receiving in-person interventions for tobacco or e-cigarette cessation (smoking, snus and/or e-cigarettes). Patient inclusion was initiated in April 2020. ...
Sammanfattning Rokavvanjning och antitobakslagar kan genera betydande halsoeffekter och reducera ... more Sammanfattning Rokavvanjning och antitobakslagar kan genera betydande halsoeffekter och reducera socioekonomiska klyftor till mycket lag kostnad. Pagaende rokvanor ar en betydande riskfaktor och paverkar prognos och behandling till exempel vid rheumatoid arthrit, hjart- och luftvagssjukdom och infor elektiv kirurgi. Fraga darfor om tobak i patientmoten; dokumentera aven tidigare rokning, ex-rokning och ”aldrig-rokning”. Stall tobaksfragan tidigt och med timing, ”Har du nagonsin anvant tobak?” fungerar ofta bra. Generos radgivningstid, strukturerad samtalsmetodik (till exempel Motiverande Samtal), empatiskt forhallningssatt ar framgangsfaktorer. Kvalificerat rokavvanjningsstod, garna kombinerat med farmaka, forbattrar mojligheten att bli och forbli rokfri. Forsta linjens farmaka ar nikotinlakemedel, vareniklin och bupropion. Halso- och s jukvardspersonal har stort fortroende och unika mojligheter att ta upp fragan om tobak i patientmoten och i samhallsdebatt. Abstract Smoking-cessat...
Nicotine users are at greater risk of developing alcohol dependence. Conversely, alcohol is often... more Nicotine users are at greater risk of developing alcohol dependence. Conversely, alcohol is often consumed when young people test tobacco. The prevalence of smokers is high among alcohol dependent individuals and people who overconsume alcohol get more nicotine withdrawal symptoms when trying to quit tobacco and are less likely to succeed. Alcohol as well as smoking provides a high burden of disease, and combined use often causes multiplier damage effects. Alcohol dependent persons die more often from smoking-related illness than from alcohol. Nicotine cessation is more successful if alcohol advice is included. Cross-tolerance and other interactions between nicotine and opioids increase the likelihood of dependence. Tobacco smokers need higher opioid doses against pain. Despite evidence of association between smoking and chronic pain, understanding of causality is limited. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of opioid dependence. Nicotine is recognized as an important underlying factor. Further research in humans concerning the interactions between nicotine and opioids is urgent. Treatment of nicotine dependence in the medical management of opioid dependence seems promising, but at what point in the course - simultaneously, shortly after, or far behind - has yet to be determined.
What is the adaptive value of schooling and how do fish manage to synchronize movements? Visual c... more What is the adaptive value of schooling and how do fish manage to synchronize movements? Visual confusion and possibly more significant, complex, overlapping acoustic signals that confuse predators' octavolateralis and electrosensory system may increase fitness. Schooling may create a weblike, information chain: Movements of informed fish cause physical change in the substrate and multisensory information reaches the brain of the nearest neighbor, generating behavioral change, resulting in physical change in the substrate and so forth. A multisensory approach may improve the understanding of schooling behavior. The beat in music possibly echoes a multisensory, social phenomenon that originated in our vertebrate ancestors.
IntroductionTobacco is still one of the single most important risk factors among the lifestyle ha... more IntroductionTobacco is still one of the single most important risk factors among the lifestyle habits that cause morbidity and mortality in humans. Furthermore, tobacco has a heavy social gradient, as the consequences are even worse among disadvantaged and vulnerable groups. To reduce tobacco-related inequity in health, those most in need should be offered the most effective tobacco cessation intervention. The aim of this study is to facilitate and improve the evaluation of already implemented national tobacco cessation efforts, focusing on 10 disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of tobacco users.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective cohort study. Data will be collected by established tobacco cessation counsellors in Sweden. The study includes adult tobacco or e-cigarette users, including disadvantaged and vulnerable patients, receiving in-person interventions for tobacco or e-cigarette cessation (smoking, snus and/or e-cigarettes). Patient inclusion was initiated in April 2020. ...
Sammanfattning Rokavvanjning och antitobakslagar kan genera betydande halsoeffekter och reducera ... more Sammanfattning Rokavvanjning och antitobakslagar kan genera betydande halsoeffekter och reducera socioekonomiska klyftor till mycket lag kostnad. Pagaende rokvanor ar en betydande riskfaktor och paverkar prognos och behandling till exempel vid rheumatoid arthrit, hjart- och luftvagssjukdom och infor elektiv kirurgi. Fraga darfor om tobak i patientmoten; dokumentera aven tidigare rokning, ex-rokning och ”aldrig-rokning”. Stall tobaksfragan tidigt och med timing, ”Har du nagonsin anvant tobak?” fungerar ofta bra. Generos radgivningstid, strukturerad samtalsmetodik (till exempel Motiverande Samtal), empatiskt forhallningssatt ar framgangsfaktorer. Kvalificerat rokavvanjningsstod, garna kombinerat med farmaka, forbattrar mojligheten att bli och forbli rokfri. Forsta linjens farmaka ar nikotinlakemedel, vareniklin och bupropion. Halso- och s jukvardspersonal har stort fortroende och unika mojligheter att ta upp fragan om tobak i patientmoten och i samhallsdebatt. Abstract Smoking-cessat...
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