This report discloses a mild and efficient O-acetylation using easily accessible TMSOAc as a nove... more This report discloses a mild and efficient O-acetylation using easily accessible TMSOAc as a novel acetyl reagent and O-trimethylsilylation using HMDS for various alcohols catalyzed by tunable Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (TBAILs). Imidazolium-based TBAILs were prepared by a two-step atom-economic reaction and acidities measured by using UV-visible spectroscopy. Both protections for alcohols were accomplished at room temperature with good to excellent yields, while the products and TBAILs were separated by simple work-up for O-silylation and column chromatography for O-acetylation. Notably, with the simple post-process, TBAILs catalyst in this solvent free method easily recovered and recycled several times without significant degradation.
Career paths leading to department chair positions are elusive. Women represent only 11% of acade... more Career paths leading to department chair positions are elusive. Women represent only 11% of academic emergency department (ED) chairs. It is unclear whether the pathway to chair is different for men and women; the characteristics, achievements, and qualifications among those who become ED chairs is unknown.
ObjectiveTo determine the associations between transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) cardiac structu... more ObjectiveTo determine the associations between transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) cardiac structure/function measures and cardioembolic stroke (CES) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients without known AF.MethodsInpatients at a single institution (2013–2015) with imaging-confirmed ischemic stroke, no AF, and TTE within the 1st week were included. TTE structure/function variables were abstracted. Stroke subtype (CES vs other) was defined according to Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, blinded to TTE results. New AF was defined as any duration of AF on ECG, telemetry, or event monitor. Separate multivariable logistic regression models defined associations between CES or new-onset AF and TTE measures, adjusting for demographic and vascular risk factors.ResultsOf 322 participants (mean age 60 years), 55% were male and 56% African American. In adjusted models (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval), odds of CES increased per 0.1 cm increase in left atrial (LA) systol...
BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently developed a measure of ideal cardiovasc... more BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently developed a measure of ideal cardiovascular health, dubbed “Life’s Simple 7” (not smoking, regular physical activity, eating a healthy diet, maintaining normal weight, and controlling serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels). A recent study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) participants revealed that individuals who met higher number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics had lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The impact of meeting these metrics on long-term survival after stroke is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between cardiovascular health metric scores and all-cause mortality after stroke. METHODS: We assessed all-cause mortality among a nationally representative sample of US adults (蠅18 years) with self-reported stroke (n=649), from participation in NHANES in 1988-1994 through mortality assessment in 2006. Participants’ adherence to AHA’s Life’s Simple 7 ranged from 0 to 7 were assessed. We calculated adjusted survival curves for cumulative all-cause mortality by the cardiovascular health metrics under the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for socio-demographic factors and trend tests for difference in mortality risk across health metric score under this model RESULTS: Less than 1% of all stroke survivors met all 7 ideal health metrics. Over a median duration of 98 months (range 53-159), there was a dose-dependent relationship between number of ideal lifestyle metrics met and 10-year adjusted mortality: 0-1: 57%; 2: 48%; 3: 43%; 4: 36%, and 蠅5: 30%. Those who met 蠅4 health metrics had significantly lower mortality rates than those who met 0-1 (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.28-0.92). After adjusting for socio-demographics (age, sex, race, income, and education), higher health metrics score was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality (trend p-value: 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Meeting a greater number of cardiovascular health metrics was associated with lower all-cause mortality after stroke in an inverse dose-dependent fashion, suggesting that interventions specifically targeting these 7 factors could have a profound impact on long-term outcomes after stroke. Disclosure: Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Markovic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ovbiagele has nothing to disclose. Dr. Towfighi has nothing to disclose.
Background In health professionals' education, senior learners play a key role in the teachi... more Background In health professionals' education, senior learners play a key role in the teaching of junior colleagues. Objective We describe an online discussion about residents as teachers to highlight the topic and the online journal club medium. Methods In January 2015, the Journal of Graduate Medical Education (JGME) and the Academic Life in Emergency Medicine blog facilitated an open-access, online, weeklong journal club on the JGME article “What Makes a Great Resident Teacher? A Multicenter Survey of Medical Students Attending an Internal Medicine Conference.” Social media platforms used to promote asynchronous discussions included a blog, a video discussion via Google Hangouts on Air, and Twitter. We performed a thematic analysis of the discussion. Web analytics were captured as a measure of impact. Results The blog post garnered 1324 page views from 372 cities in 42 countries. Twitter was used to endorse discussion points, while blog comments provided opinions or respo...
International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, Jan 3, 2014
Clinical outcome after large-vessel occlusive strokes depends on admitting clinical condition, su... more Clinical outcome after large-vessel occlusive strokes depends on admitting clinical condition, successful recanalization, and robust collateral circulation. However, predicting successful recanalization and quantifying collateral status in the acute setting remain elusive. Successful recanalization has many predictive factors. Strong evidence supports increasing clot length being associated with poor recanalization. Current imaging techniques completed in the acute setting suggest that clot length can be estimated with a clot burden score. In vitro evidence suggests that clots with more red blood cells and less thrombin lyse more easily after systemic fibrinolysis. Clinical correlations with clot composition have been mixed, although one study suggested that clot composition could be predicted with computed tomography and correlate with successful recanalization. Finally, overwhelming proof shows that robust collateral circulation correlates with improved clinical outcome. Imaging m...
This report discloses a mild and efficient O-acetylation using easily accessible TMSOAc as a nove... more This report discloses a mild and efficient O-acetylation using easily accessible TMSOAc as a novel acetyl reagent and O-trimethylsilylation using HMDS for various alcohols catalyzed by tunable Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (TBAILs). Imidazolium-based TBAILs were prepared by a two-step atom-economic reaction and acidities measured by using UV-visible spectroscopy. Both protections for alcohols were accomplished at room temperature with good to excellent yields, while the products and TBAILs were separated by simple work-up for O-silylation and column chromatography for O-acetylation. Notably, with the simple post-process, TBAILs catalyst in this solvent free method easily recovered and recycled several times without significant degradation.
Career paths leading to department chair positions are elusive. Women represent only 11% of acade... more Career paths leading to department chair positions are elusive. Women represent only 11% of academic emergency department (ED) chairs. It is unclear whether the pathway to chair is different for men and women; the characteristics, achievements, and qualifications among those who become ED chairs is unknown.
ObjectiveTo determine the associations between transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) cardiac structu... more ObjectiveTo determine the associations between transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) cardiac structure/function measures and cardioembolic stroke (CES) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients without known AF.MethodsInpatients at a single institution (2013–2015) with imaging-confirmed ischemic stroke, no AF, and TTE within the 1st week were included. TTE structure/function variables were abstracted. Stroke subtype (CES vs other) was defined according to Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, blinded to TTE results. New AF was defined as any duration of AF on ECG, telemetry, or event monitor. Separate multivariable logistic regression models defined associations between CES or new-onset AF and TTE measures, adjusting for demographic and vascular risk factors.ResultsOf 322 participants (mean age 60 years), 55% were male and 56% African American. In adjusted models (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval), odds of CES increased per 0.1 cm increase in left atrial (LA) systol...
BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently developed a measure of ideal cardiovasc... more BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently developed a measure of ideal cardiovascular health, dubbed “Life’s Simple 7” (not smoking, regular physical activity, eating a healthy diet, maintaining normal weight, and controlling serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels). A recent study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) participants revealed that individuals who met higher number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics had lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The impact of meeting these metrics on long-term survival after stroke is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between cardiovascular health metric scores and all-cause mortality after stroke. METHODS: We assessed all-cause mortality among a nationally representative sample of US adults (蠅18 years) with self-reported stroke (n=649), from participation in NHANES in 1988-1994 through mortality assessment in 2006. Participants’ adherence to AHA’s Life’s Simple 7 ranged from 0 to 7 were assessed. We calculated adjusted survival curves for cumulative all-cause mortality by the cardiovascular health metrics under the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for socio-demographic factors and trend tests for difference in mortality risk across health metric score under this model RESULTS: Less than 1% of all stroke survivors met all 7 ideal health metrics. Over a median duration of 98 months (range 53-159), there was a dose-dependent relationship between number of ideal lifestyle metrics met and 10-year adjusted mortality: 0-1: 57%; 2: 48%; 3: 43%; 4: 36%, and 蠅5: 30%. Those who met 蠅4 health metrics had significantly lower mortality rates than those who met 0-1 (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.28-0.92). After adjusting for socio-demographics (age, sex, race, income, and education), higher health metrics score was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality (trend p-value: 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Meeting a greater number of cardiovascular health metrics was associated with lower all-cause mortality after stroke in an inverse dose-dependent fashion, suggesting that interventions specifically targeting these 7 factors could have a profound impact on long-term outcomes after stroke. Disclosure: Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Markovic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ovbiagele has nothing to disclose. Dr. Towfighi has nothing to disclose.
Background In health professionals' education, senior learners play a key role in the teachi... more Background In health professionals' education, senior learners play a key role in the teaching of junior colleagues. Objective We describe an online discussion about residents as teachers to highlight the topic and the online journal club medium. Methods In January 2015, the Journal of Graduate Medical Education (JGME) and the Academic Life in Emergency Medicine blog facilitated an open-access, online, weeklong journal club on the JGME article “What Makes a Great Resident Teacher? A Multicenter Survey of Medical Students Attending an Internal Medicine Conference.” Social media platforms used to promote asynchronous discussions included a blog, a video discussion via Google Hangouts on Air, and Twitter. We performed a thematic analysis of the discussion. Web analytics were captured as a measure of impact. Results The blog post garnered 1324 page views from 372 cities in 42 countries. Twitter was used to endorse discussion points, while blog comments provided opinions or respo...
International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, Jan 3, 2014
Clinical outcome after large-vessel occlusive strokes depends on admitting clinical condition, su... more Clinical outcome after large-vessel occlusive strokes depends on admitting clinical condition, successful recanalization, and robust collateral circulation. However, predicting successful recanalization and quantifying collateral status in the acute setting remain elusive. Successful recanalization has many predictive factors. Strong evidence supports increasing clot length being associated with poor recanalization. Current imaging techniques completed in the acute setting suggest that clot length can be estimated with a clot burden score. In vitro evidence suggests that clots with more red blood cells and less thrombin lyse more easily after systemic fibrinolysis. Clinical correlations with clot composition have been mixed, although one study suggested that clot composition could be predicted with computed tomography and correlate with successful recanalization. Finally, overwhelming proof shows that robust collateral circulation correlates with improved clinical outcome. Imaging m...
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