To assess efficacy in patients with heart failure need to have a scientific tool based on psychom... more To assess efficacy in patients with heart failure need to have a scientific tool based on psychometric features is evident. The researchers developed a scientific tool based on psychometric principles for assessing self-efficacy beliefs in patients with Myocardial Infarction (MI) as the only tool of its kind; however, Due to the large number of questions in the questionnaire, respondents may not desire to complete it accuracy. The present study was conducted to develop and validate a short form of this tool. This study was conducted on a sample of 311 patients diagnosed with MI by a cardiologist and selected through convenience sampling. The 80-20 rule was used for evaluating the 60 items of the short-form MI Self-Efficacy Measurement Tool (SF-SEMT) and for eliminating items without an adequate sensitivity and accuracy. The factor analysis revealed 5 factors that explained a total of 87.92% the variance; the kaiser-meyer-olkin index was calculated as 0.915 with a probable significan...
Background: The failure time of permanent tooth is of the form of interval censored since the exa... more Background: The failure time of permanent tooth is of the form of interval censored since the exact time of tooth decay is not available and it is only known that tooth decay occurs between two consecutive visits. There are a few techniques available in the literature for the problem of goodnessof-fit for interval censored data. In this paper, we propose a new goodness-of-fit testing procedure for interval censored data and employ this for the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth (sixth tooth) data. Materials and Methods: Two methods of goodness-of-fit for interval censored data that are based on randomly generated data from each interval and averaging over the test statistics or over the p-values are employed for the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth data. Results: The mean of the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth is found to be at 95 months. The p-values of the two goodness-of-fit testing procedures for the Weibull, log-normal and gamma model...
Published online: 18 August 2019 Background and Aim: Reducing the fertility rates in Iran and use... more Published online: 18 August 2019 Background and Aim: Reducing the fertility rates in Iran and use of multiple contraceptive methods in recent decades have been affected by many social, economic and demographic factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to study the fertility pattern and common preventive fertility methods at Arak city in 2017 year. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 married women referred to Arak remedial centers in 2017 year. The participants were randomly selected from Vali Asr, Taleghani and Amir Kabir hospitals. The participants information was collected using questionnaire and subsequently analyzed using Stata software version 12. Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.4 has been approved by research ethics committee at Arak University of Medical Sciences. Findings: Our results showed that the mean age and average duration of marriage of women were 40.03 ± 11.19 and 21.08 ± 12.73 res...
Background and Aim: Interval censored data occur in repeated data in medical studies. There are c... more Background and Aim: Interval censored data occur in repeated data in medical studies. There are common methods to analysis this type of data. The purpose of this study is to examine the random imputation technique in the analysis of interval censored data. Materials and Methods: Using the Monte Carlo simulation technique, we evaluate the power of Random Imputation method, and finally we assess its performance using the actual data set. Actual dataset is related to dental information in Urmia, which contains 207 children. All calculations are done using R 3.2.3 software. Findings: The simulation results show that the power of random imputation technique is good and acceptable. The p-value in real data shows that there is no difference using the random imputation technique. Conclusion: Random imputation technique can be used as an alternative method in comparison with other conventional methods.
Non-Parametric Methods in Genetic Linkage Analysis Parisa Naseri1 , Soheila Khodakarim2 , Mohamma... more Non-Parametric Methods in Genetic Linkage Analysis Parisa Naseri1 , Soheila Khodakarim2 , Mohammad Rafeie1 , Maryam Sadat Daneshpour3 Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Deptartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Reserch Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abstract One of the most important goals for researchers in the clinic is to try to find newer and more effective ways to diagnose and cure the diseases. These clinical advances can create new points of view in other sciences and their combination with basic sciences such as statistics can improve these researches. In statistical genetics, linkage analysis is a way of finding the exact locus of a disease gene on a specific chromosome. Finding the location of a specific gene using the...
Background: Child abuse is a serious global problem and can be in the form of physical, sexual, e... more Background: Child abuse is a serious global problem and can be in the form of physical, sexual, emotional or neglect by not providing for the child's needs. Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder in children. This study was aimed to assess the relationship between child abuse and functional constipation in children. Materials and Methods In this age frequency-matched case-control study, 100 children with FC were compared with 100 healthy children as control. The diagnosis of FC was based on history and physical examination. Child abuse in three sub-groups (physical, emotional and neglect) were assessed by ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Children's Version (ICAST-C). The data were analyzed by Stata software (version 13.0). Results: The results of this study revealed that the frequency of any kind of child abuse in case (children with functional constipation), and control group (children without functional constipation) is 93% and ...
Comparison of Predictors of Boredom in Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences and Islami... more Comparison of Predictors of Boredom in Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad University Bahman Salehi, Shirin Moradi , Somayeh Ebrahimi , Mohammad Rafiei Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran MSc in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran Associate Professor, PhD in Biostatistics, Department of Health and Social Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Abstract: Background: Boredom is a psychological phenomenon that was defined as an aversive state or incompatibility with every repetitive experience while the release of stability is not allowed. Boredom has several complications. So, the goal of this study is to compare the predictors of boredom in students of Arak University of medical sciences and Islamic Azad University. Materials and Methods: The current descriptive-comparative study has been done on966 students (from Arak Univers...
Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) characterized by a large amounts of protein into urine and a s... more Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) characterized by a large amounts of protein into urine and a set of indications that include: protein in urine, low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, and swelling. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prognosis of nephrotic syndrome and blood biomarkers level in children of Arak city, Iran. Materials and Methods This was a prospective study of case series patients which conducted on 100 children with nephrotic syndrome referred to the pediatric clinic in Arak-Iran durring 2015 to 2016, to determine the resistance to steroids initially. All children had been taking Prednisolone and then, they were divided into four groups based on response to steroid. Also, blood biomarkers obtained from interviewing. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21. Results Results showed that children with steroids responded nephrotic syndrome rather than frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome, steroid resis...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurological ... more Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate ADHD in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) and compare it with healthy children. A total of 100 five to 16-year-old children with PMNE and 100 healthy children without NE were included in this case-control study as the cases and control groups, respectively. Subjects were selected from children who were referred to the pediatric clinic of the Amir Kabir Hospital of Arak, Iran, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. ADHD was diagnosed by Conner's Parent Rating Scale-48 and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria and was confirmed by consultation with a psychiatrist. Data were analyzed by binomial test using SPSS18. ADHD inattentive type was observed in 16 cases (16%) with PMNE and five controls (5%) (P=0.01). Despite these significant differences in the case and control groups, 25 (25%) and 16 (16%) children were affected by ADHD hyperactive-impulsive type (P=0.08) and 15 (15%) and 16 (16%) children were affected by ADHD mixed type (P=0.84), respectively. ADHD inattentive type in children with PMNE was significantly more common than that in healthy children. The observed correlation between ADHD inattentive type and PMNE makes psychological counseling mandatory in children with PMNE.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HYPONATREMIA AND REFLUX-RELATED RENAL INJURY IN ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS Pars... more THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HYPONATREMIA AND REFLUX-RELATED RENAL INJURY IN ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS Parsa Yousefichaijan, Hassan Taherahmadi, Mohammad Rafiei,Fakhreddin Shariatmadari, Saed Alinejad, Yazdan Ghandi ,Mahdyieh Naziri ABSTRACT Introduction: The kidney regulates sodium balance and is the principal site of sodium excretion. Sodium is unique among electrolytes because water balance, not sodium balance, usually determines its concentration. Although water balance is usually regulated by osmolality, volume depletion stimulates thirst, renal protection of water and ADH secretion. Volume reduction has priority over osmolality; volume depletion stimulates ADH secretion, even if a patient has hyponatremia. The aim of this study was to consider scar nephropathy in children with UTI and hyponatremia and compare it with children without hyponatremia. Material and Methods: 200 children with pyelonephritis were included in this case–control study as case and control groups, respectively. Sub...
Studying the Prevalence of Listeria Monocytogenes in Pregnant Women in Arak Author(s): Seyyed Nem... more Studying the Prevalence of Listeria Monocytogenes in Pregnant Women in Arak Author(s): Seyyed Nematollah Seify, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi Rad, Ashraf Zamani, Mohammad Yosef Alikhani, Mohammad Rafiei, Soleyman Zand , Hamid Abtahi * Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. , abtahi@arakmu.ac.ir Study Type: Original Atricle | Subject: Basic Sciences | Received: 2015/09/21 - Accepted: 2015/11/9 - Published: 2016/02/17 Abstract: Background: Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important causes of abortion and postpartum infection in newborns. Because of the importance of L . monocytogenes in the health of pregnant women and newborn babies, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of these bacteria in pregnant women and to compare the level of prevalence between women with a history of abortion and with no a history of abortion. Materials and Methods: In this study, ...
To assess efficacy in patients with heart failure need to have a scientific tool based on psychom... more To assess efficacy in patients with heart failure need to have a scientific tool based on psychometric features is evident. The researchers developed a scientific tool based on psychometric principles for assessing self-efficacy beliefs in patients with Myocardial Infarction (MI) as the only tool of its kind; however, Due to the large number of questions in the questionnaire, respondents may not desire to complete it accuracy. The present study was conducted to develop and validate a short form of this tool. This study was conducted on a sample of 311 patients diagnosed with MI by a cardiologist and selected through convenience sampling. The 80-20 rule was used for evaluating the 60 items of the short-form MI Self-Efficacy Measurement Tool (SF-SEMT) and for eliminating items without an adequate sensitivity and accuracy. The factor analysis revealed 5 factors that explained a total of 87.92% the variance; the kaiser-meyer-olkin index was calculated as 0.915 with a probable significan...
Background: The failure time of permanent tooth is of the form of interval censored since the exa... more Background: The failure time of permanent tooth is of the form of interval censored since the exact time of tooth decay is not available and it is only known that tooth decay occurs between two consecutive visits. There are a few techniques available in the literature for the problem of goodnessof-fit for interval censored data. In this paper, we propose a new goodness-of-fit testing procedure for interval censored data and employ this for the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth (sixth tooth) data. Materials and Methods: Two methods of goodness-of-fit for interval censored data that are based on randomly generated data from each interval and averaging over the test statistics or over the p-values are employed for the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth data. Results: The mean of the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth is found to be at 95 months. The p-values of the two goodness-of-fit testing procedures for the Weibull, log-normal and gamma model...
Published online: 18 August 2019 Background and Aim: Reducing the fertility rates in Iran and use... more Published online: 18 August 2019 Background and Aim: Reducing the fertility rates in Iran and use of multiple contraceptive methods in recent decades have been affected by many social, economic and demographic factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to study the fertility pattern and common preventive fertility methods at Arak city in 2017 year. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 married women referred to Arak remedial centers in 2017 year. The participants were randomly selected from Vali Asr, Taleghani and Amir Kabir hospitals. The participants information was collected using questionnaire and subsequently analyzed using Stata software version 12. Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.4 has been approved by research ethics committee at Arak University of Medical Sciences. Findings: Our results showed that the mean age and average duration of marriage of women were 40.03 ± 11.19 and 21.08 ± 12.73 res...
Background and Aim: Interval censored data occur in repeated data in medical studies. There are c... more Background and Aim: Interval censored data occur in repeated data in medical studies. There are common methods to analysis this type of data. The purpose of this study is to examine the random imputation technique in the analysis of interval censored data. Materials and Methods: Using the Monte Carlo simulation technique, we evaluate the power of Random Imputation method, and finally we assess its performance using the actual data set. Actual dataset is related to dental information in Urmia, which contains 207 children. All calculations are done using R 3.2.3 software. Findings: The simulation results show that the power of random imputation technique is good and acceptable. The p-value in real data shows that there is no difference using the random imputation technique. Conclusion: Random imputation technique can be used as an alternative method in comparison with other conventional methods.
Non-Parametric Methods in Genetic Linkage Analysis Parisa Naseri1 , Soheila Khodakarim2 , Mohamma... more Non-Parametric Methods in Genetic Linkage Analysis Parisa Naseri1 , Soheila Khodakarim2 , Mohammad Rafeie1 , Maryam Sadat Daneshpour3 Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Deptartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Reserch Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abstract One of the most important goals for researchers in the clinic is to try to find newer and more effective ways to diagnose and cure the diseases. These clinical advances can create new points of view in other sciences and their combination with basic sciences such as statistics can improve these researches. In statistical genetics, linkage analysis is a way of finding the exact locus of a disease gene on a specific chromosome. Finding the location of a specific gene using the...
Background: Child abuse is a serious global problem and can be in the form of physical, sexual, e... more Background: Child abuse is a serious global problem and can be in the form of physical, sexual, emotional or neglect by not providing for the child's needs. Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder in children. This study was aimed to assess the relationship between child abuse and functional constipation in children. Materials and Methods In this age frequency-matched case-control study, 100 children with FC were compared with 100 healthy children as control. The diagnosis of FC was based on history and physical examination. Child abuse in three sub-groups (physical, emotional and neglect) were assessed by ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Children's Version (ICAST-C). The data were analyzed by Stata software (version 13.0). Results: The results of this study revealed that the frequency of any kind of child abuse in case (children with functional constipation), and control group (children without functional constipation) is 93% and ...
Comparison of Predictors of Boredom in Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences and Islami... more Comparison of Predictors of Boredom in Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad University Bahman Salehi, Shirin Moradi , Somayeh Ebrahimi , Mohammad Rafiei Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran MSc in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran Associate Professor, PhD in Biostatistics, Department of Health and Social Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Abstract: Background: Boredom is a psychological phenomenon that was defined as an aversive state or incompatibility with every repetitive experience while the release of stability is not allowed. Boredom has several complications. So, the goal of this study is to compare the predictors of boredom in students of Arak University of medical sciences and Islamic Azad University. Materials and Methods: The current descriptive-comparative study has been done on966 students (from Arak Univers...
Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) characterized by a large amounts of protein into urine and a s... more Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) characterized by a large amounts of protein into urine and a set of indications that include: protein in urine, low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, and swelling. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prognosis of nephrotic syndrome and blood biomarkers level in children of Arak city, Iran. Materials and Methods This was a prospective study of case series patients which conducted on 100 children with nephrotic syndrome referred to the pediatric clinic in Arak-Iran durring 2015 to 2016, to determine the resistance to steroids initially. All children had been taking Prednisolone and then, they were divided into four groups based on response to steroid. Also, blood biomarkers obtained from interviewing. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21. Results Results showed that children with steroids responded nephrotic syndrome rather than frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome, steroid resis...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurological ... more Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate ADHD in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) and compare it with healthy children. A total of 100 five to 16-year-old children with PMNE and 100 healthy children without NE were included in this case-control study as the cases and control groups, respectively. Subjects were selected from children who were referred to the pediatric clinic of the Amir Kabir Hospital of Arak, Iran, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. ADHD was diagnosed by Conner's Parent Rating Scale-48 and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria and was confirmed by consultation with a psychiatrist. Data were analyzed by binomial test using SPSS18. ADHD inattentive type was observed in 16 cases (16%) with PMNE and five controls (5%) (P=0.01). Despite these significant differences in the case and control groups, 25 (25%) and 16 (16%) children were affected by ADHD hyperactive-impulsive type (P=0.08) and 15 (15%) and 16 (16%) children were affected by ADHD mixed type (P=0.84), respectively. ADHD inattentive type in children with PMNE was significantly more common than that in healthy children. The observed correlation between ADHD inattentive type and PMNE makes psychological counseling mandatory in children with PMNE.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HYPONATREMIA AND REFLUX-RELATED RENAL INJURY IN ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS Pars... more THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HYPONATREMIA AND REFLUX-RELATED RENAL INJURY IN ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS Parsa Yousefichaijan, Hassan Taherahmadi, Mohammad Rafiei,Fakhreddin Shariatmadari, Saed Alinejad, Yazdan Ghandi ,Mahdyieh Naziri ABSTRACT Introduction: The kidney regulates sodium balance and is the principal site of sodium excretion. Sodium is unique among electrolytes because water balance, not sodium balance, usually determines its concentration. Although water balance is usually regulated by osmolality, volume depletion stimulates thirst, renal protection of water and ADH secretion. Volume reduction has priority over osmolality; volume depletion stimulates ADH secretion, even if a patient has hyponatremia. The aim of this study was to consider scar nephropathy in children with UTI and hyponatremia and compare it with children without hyponatremia. Material and Methods: 200 children with pyelonephritis were included in this case–control study as case and control groups, respectively. Sub...
Studying the Prevalence of Listeria Monocytogenes in Pregnant Women in Arak Author(s): Seyyed Nem... more Studying the Prevalence of Listeria Monocytogenes in Pregnant Women in Arak Author(s): Seyyed Nematollah Seify, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi Rad, Ashraf Zamani, Mohammad Yosef Alikhani, Mohammad Rafiei, Soleyman Zand , Hamid Abtahi * Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. , abtahi@arakmu.ac.ir Study Type: Original Atricle | Subject: Basic Sciences | Received: 2015/09/21 - Accepted: 2015/11/9 - Published: 2016/02/17 Abstract: Background: Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important causes of abortion and postpartum infection in newborns. Because of the importance of L . monocytogenes in the health of pregnant women and newborn babies, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of these bacteria in pregnant women and to compare the level of prevalence between women with a history of abortion and with no a history of abortion. Materials and Methods: In this study, ...
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