Obesity is highly polygenic disease where several genetic variants have been reportedly associate... more Obesity is highly polygenic disease where several genetic variants have been reportedly associated with obesity in different ethnicities of the world. In the current study, we identified the obesity risk or protective association and BMI raising effect of the minor allele of adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing (ADIPOQ), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CEPT), FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), leptin (LEP), and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes in a large cohort stratified into four BMI-based body weight categories i.e., normal weight, lean, over-weight, and obese. Based on selected candidate genetic markers, the genotyping of all study subjects was performed by PCR assays, and genotypes and allele frequencies were calculated. The minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of all genetic markers were computed for total and BMI-based body weight categories and compared with MAFs of global and South Asian (SAS) populations. Genetic associations of variants with obesit...
In this paper, we present a single-valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft set, multi-valued Neutrosophic H... more In this paper, we present a single-valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft set, multi-valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft set and tangent similarity measure for single-valued neutrosophic hypersoft sets and its properties. Then we use this technique in an application namely selection of cricket players for different types of matches (ODI, T20, and test) based on Neutrosophic Hypersoft set in decision making of single-valued neutrosophic hypersoft sets. This technique will help us to decide the best option for the players.
The purpose of MCDM is to determine the best option amongst all the probable options. Due to ling... more The purpose of MCDM is to determine the best option amongst all the probable options. Due to linguistic assessments, the traditional crisp techniques are not good to solve MCDM problems. This paper deals with the generalization of TOPSIS for neutrosophic hypersoft set primarily based issues explained in section 3. In section 4, the proposed technique is implemented. The proposed technique is easy to implement, and precise and sensible for fixing the MCDM problem with multiple-valued neutrosophic data. In the end, the applicability of the developed method, the problem of parking on which decision maker has normally vague and imprecise knowledge is used. It seems that the outcomes of these examinations are terrific.
Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia, 2021
The Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda) belongs to family corvidae, order Passeriformes which ... more The Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda) belongs to family corvidae, order Passeriformes which includes about 100 species. The current study was conducted to gather information about the Population distribution and habitat analysis of D. vagabunda at District Abbottabad, Pakistan. The data were collected on monthly basis both morning and evening times (2018-2019). "The ''Point count Method" was used for population estimation and ''Quadrates Method" for habitat analysis of study area. The result shows an average month-wise population density of D. vagabunda was maximum at Jhangra 0.14±0.039/ha, whereas minimum at Havelian 0.11±0.022/ha. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) among monthly population densities of D. vagabunda, however, a significant difference (p<0.05) was found between morning and evening times population of the specie. The present study revealed that importance value index (IVI) of plants species at Sherwan, Bakot, Haveli...
Predicting the outcomes of soccer matches is curious to numerous; from fans to supporters. Predic... more Predicting the outcomes of soccer matches is curious to numerous; from fans to supporters. Prediction about the outcomes of soccer matches is also very exciting and enticing as a research problem, especially due to its complications, exertion, unexpected inferences etc. Consequently, a soccer match is relying upon various factors, actors and unpredictable situations. Therefore, it is very agonizing and uphill task to predict the meticulous and close to truth-based results of soccer matches. Such a research demands a multi-criteria decision-making approach, i.e. TOPSIS, to foresee accurate ranking and applied to the fallouts of FIFA 2018 world cup soccer matches explicitly. The match statistics have been used up to quarter finals, to make better estimates for the impending games. Outcomes proved prediction of approximately right ranking and outcomes of matches are substantially higher than those of reported through other means. AMS (MOS) Subject Classification Codes: 03B52; 90B50; 94...
The composition of milk and its dairy products is strongly influenced by the polymorphic milk pro... more The composition of milk and its dairy products is strongly influenced by the polymorphic milk proteins especially βLactoglubulin (β-LG). Polymorphism of β-LG has been explored in goats due to the unique nutritional value of milk. In order to explore dairy potential of local Beetal and Daera Din Panah (DDP) goats, we aimed to identify β-LG protein isoforms and their association with milk yield and composition. Whey and casein proteins were isolated from raw skim milk by acid precipitation method. Protein and fat contents were estimated through established methods. Polymorphism in β-LG protein was identified through SDS-PAGE. Daily milk yield and total milk fat contents were significantly elevated in Beetal goat. Three β-LG protein isoforms were identified with genotypes; AA, AB and BB. Frequency of A allele was significantly higher in both goat breeds (p=0.0023 and 0.0001) while heterozygous AB genotype was the most prevalent one. In both goat breeds, all three β-LG protein isoforms ...
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science, 2020
To deal with fluctations in decision-making, fuzzy / neutrosophic numbers are used. The problem h... more To deal with fluctations in decision-making, fuzzy / neutrosophic numbers are used. The problem having more fluctuations are difficult to sovle. Thus it is a dire need to define higher order number, also It is a very curious question by researchers all around the world that how octagonal neutrosophic number can be represented and how to be graphed? In this research article, the primarily focused on the representation and graphs of octagonal neutrosophic number. at last, a case study is done using VIKOR method based on octagonal neutrosophic number. These representations will be helpful in multi-criteria decision making problems in the case that there are large number of fluctuations. Finally, concluded the present work with future directions.
26th Optoelectronics and Communications Conference, 2021
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a terahertz (THz) imaging radar system based on microwa... more We propose and experimentally demonstrate a terahertz (THz) imaging radar system based on microwave photonics and inverse synthetic aperture technique, achieving a high imaging resolution of 7 mm×7 mm at 324 GHz.
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 2021
Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharm... more Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharmacists being a part of the health care system have a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19.Method:An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in 2 provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analyses were analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).Results:Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n = 281) had good knowledge, 44% (n = 175) had a positive attitude, and 57.3% (n = 225) had good practices regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n = 178) were reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years, and a PhD degree level were the substantial determinants (P= < 0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, a ...
Introduction: Anxiety and depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can lead to non-adher... more Introduction: Anxiety and depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can lead to non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), morbidity, and mortality. Therefore, assessing the stigma, social support, and other determinants of anxiety and depression in PLWHA are important for developing further interventions.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 505 PLWHA, approached through systematic sampling, who paid routine visits to the ART center, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad. Data was collected by pretested validated hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Version 26 of the SPSS was used to apply Logistic regression analysis to identify determinants, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was calculated to assess the magnitude of the relationships.Results: In PLWHA, the prevalence of co-morbid depression and anxiety was 80%. Separately, 89.9% had depression, and 80.3% had anxiety. Use of illicit...
Background While vaccine development is itself a challenge; ensuring optimal vaccine uptake at po... more Background While vaccine development is itself a challenge; ensuring optimal vaccine uptake at population level can present an even more significant challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the Pakistani population’s attitude and preferences towards the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out through an online self-administered questionnaire from 27 September 2020 to 11 October 2020. A total of 883 people responded to the survey. The questionnaire included the participants’ socio-demographic variables, attitudes, beliefs towards the COVID-19 vaccine and acceptance and rejection of vaccination, and reasons for them. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the predictors for vaccine acceptance and willingness to pay for the vaccine. Results A majority (70.8%) of respondents will accept the COVID-19vaccine if available, and 66.8% showed a positive attitude towards vaccination. Monthly family income, education level, s...
In this research paper, the impact of water pH on detergent was measured by constructing a Fuzzy ... more In this research paper, the impact of water pH on detergent was measured by constructing a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers (IFNs) by incorporating three linguistic inputs and one output as taken by Saeed. M. et al. [1]. The inference process was carried out using MATLAB fuzzy logic toolbox and the results were compared with FLC based on fuzzy numbers. The objective of the study was the comparison of FLC based on intuitionistic and fuzzy numbers. The results showed that FLC based on IFNs is approximately the same but has more precise values. So, IFNs based FLC can be used in the Instinctive Laundry System.
Background Previous studies identified alarming use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM... more Background Previous studies identified alarming use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in Pakistani population but its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still largely unknown. Objective This study aimed to determine the association between PIMs use and HRQoL among elderly cardiac outpatients. Method A descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2018 to September 2018 in two outpatient departments of tertiary-care hospitals in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. The population under study were patients aged ≥ 65 years with at least one cardiovascular condition taking at ≥ 1 prescribed medication. Patients with PIMs were identified by using Beers criteria. HRQoL was assessed using EuroQoL-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EuroQoL-visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). The association of PIMs with HRQoL was analyzed using χ 2 tests, independent sample t -test, and one-way ANOVA tests. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine how HRQoL varied by PIMs use after adjusting for patient-level covariates. Results Of 386 elderly cardiac patients, 260 (67.4%) patients were receiving at least one PIM. Mean EQ-5D scores were significantly lower among patients with PIMs (0.51) compared to patients without PIMs (0.65) ( P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, increasing numbers of PIMs were significantly associated with lower EQ-5D scores [ β = − 0.040 (− 0.075, − 0.005), P < 0.001] and VAS scores [ β = − 1.686 (− 2.916, − 0.456), P < 0.05]. Conclusion The present study concluded that exposure to PIM was significantly associated with lower HRQoL. This indicates that guidelines recommendations should be followed to improve patient’s quality of life.
Homotopic solutions for Jeffrey material in frames of buoyancy forces are constructed in this res... more Homotopic solutions for Jeffrey material in frames of buoyancy forces are constructed in this research. The improved Fourier-Fick laws are considered for formulation. In addition, variable liquid aspects (thermal conductivity, mass diffusiv?ity) along with heat source are accounted. Prandtl?s boundary-layer idea is utilized to model the problem. Involvement of similarity variables resulted into non-linear system of coupled equations. The well-known homotopic scheme is employed for non-linear analysis. Besides, a comprehensive discussion is reported for arising dimensionless variables vs. significant profiles. Our results indicate a rise in thermal and solutal fields when variable conductivity and mass diffusivity parameters are increased.
Obesity is highly polygenic disease where several genetic variants have been reportedly associate... more Obesity is highly polygenic disease where several genetic variants have been reportedly associated with obesity in different ethnicities of the world. In the current study, we identified the obesity risk or protective association and BMI raising effect of the minor allele of adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing (ADIPOQ), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CEPT), FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), leptin (LEP), and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes in a large cohort stratified into four BMI-based body weight categories i.e., normal weight, lean, over-weight, and obese. Based on selected candidate genetic markers, the genotyping of all study subjects was performed by PCR assays, and genotypes and allele frequencies were calculated. The minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of all genetic markers were computed for total and BMI-based body weight categories and compared with MAFs of global and South Asian (SAS) populations. Genetic associations of variants with obesit...
In this paper, we present a single-valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft set, multi-valued Neutrosophic H... more In this paper, we present a single-valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft set, multi-valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft set and tangent similarity measure for single-valued neutrosophic hypersoft sets and its properties. Then we use this technique in an application namely selection of cricket players for different types of matches (ODI, T20, and test) based on Neutrosophic Hypersoft set in decision making of single-valued neutrosophic hypersoft sets. This technique will help us to decide the best option for the players.
The purpose of MCDM is to determine the best option amongst all the probable options. Due to ling... more The purpose of MCDM is to determine the best option amongst all the probable options. Due to linguistic assessments, the traditional crisp techniques are not good to solve MCDM problems. This paper deals with the generalization of TOPSIS for neutrosophic hypersoft set primarily based issues explained in section 3. In section 4, the proposed technique is implemented. The proposed technique is easy to implement, and precise and sensible for fixing the MCDM problem with multiple-valued neutrosophic data. In the end, the applicability of the developed method, the problem of parking on which decision maker has normally vague and imprecise knowledge is used. It seems that the outcomes of these examinations are terrific.
Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia, 2021
The Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda) belongs to family corvidae, order Passeriformes which ... more The Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda) belongs to family corvidae, order Passeriformes which includes about 100 species. The current study was conducted to gather information about the Population distribution and habitat analysis of D. vagabunda at District Abbottabad, Pakistan. The data were collected on monthly basis both morning and evening times (2018-2019). "The ''Point count Method" was used for population estimation and ''Quadrates Method" for habitat analysis of study area. The result shows an average month-wise population density of D. vagabunda was maximum at Jhangra 0.14±0.039/ha, whereas minimum at Havelian 0.11±0.022/ha. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) among monthly population densities of D. vagabunda, however, a significant difference (p<0.05) was found between morning and evening times population of the specie. The present study revealed that importance value index (IVI) of plants species at Sherwan, Bakot, Haveli...
Predicting the outcomes of soccer matches is curious to numerous; from fans to supporters. Predic... more Predicting the outcomes of soccer matches is curious to numerous; from fans to supporters. Prediction about the outcomes of soccer matches is also very exciting and enticing as a research problem, especially due to its complications, exertion, unexpected inferences etc. Consequently, a soccer match is relying upon various factors, actors and unpredictable situations. Therefore, it is very agonizing and uphill task to predict the meticulous and close to truth-based results of soccer matches. Such a research demands a multi-criteria decision-making approach, i.e. TOPSIS, to foresee accurate ranking and applied to the fallouts of FIFA 2018 world cup soccer matches explicitly. The match statistics have been used up to quarter finals, to make better estimates for the impending games. Outcomes proved prediction of approximately right ranking and outcomes of matches are substantially higher than those of reported through other means. AMS (MOS) Subject Classification Codes: 03B52; 90B50; 94...
The composition of milk and its dairy products is strongly influenced by the polymorphic milk pro... more The composition of milk and its dairy products is strongly influenced by the polymorphic milk proteins especially βLactoglubulin (β-LG). Polymorphism of β-LG has been explored in goats due to the unique nutritional value of milk. In order to explore dairy potential of local Beetal and Daera Din Panah (DDP) goats, we aimed to identify β-LG protein isoforms and their association with milk yield and composition. Whey and casein proteins were isolated from raw skim milk by acid precipitation method. Protein and fat contents were estimated through established methods. Polymorphism in β-LG protein was identified through SDS-PAGE. Daily milk yield and total milk fat contents were significantly elevated in Beetal goat. Three β-LG protein isoforms were identified with genotypes; AA, AB and BB. Frequency of A allele was significantly higher in both goat breeds (p=0.0023 and 0.0001) while heterozygous AB genotype was the most prevalent one. In both goat breeds, all three β-LG protein isoforms ...
International Journal of Neutrosophic Science, 2020
To deal with fluctations in decision-making, fuzzy / neutrosophic numbers are used. The problem h... more To deal with fluctations in decision-making, fuzzy / neutrosophic numbers are used. The problem having more fluctuations are difficult to sovle. Thus it is a dire need to define higher order number, also It is a very curious question by researchers all around the world that how octagonal neutrosophic number can be represented and how to be graphed? In this research article, the primarily focused on the representation and graphs of octagonal neutrosophic number. at last, a case study is done using VIKOR method based on octagonal neutrosophic number. These representations will be helpful in multi-criteria decision making problems in the case that there are large number of fluctuations. Finally, concluded the present work with future directions.
26th Optoelectronics and Communications Conference, 2021
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a terahertz (THz) imaging radar system based on microwa... more We propose and experimentally demonstrate a terahertz (THz) imaging radar system based on microwave photonics and inverse synthetic aperture technique, achieving a high imaging resolution of 7 mm×7 mm at 324 GHz.
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 2021
Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharm... more Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharmacists being a part of the health care system have a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19.Method:An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in 2 provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analyses were analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).Results:Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n = 281) had good knowledge, 44% (n = 175) had a positive attitude, and 57.3% (n = 225) had good practices regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n = 178) were reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years, and a PhD degree level were the substantial determinants (P= < 0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, a ...
Introduction: Anxiety and depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can lead to non-adher... more Introduction: Anxiety and depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can lead to non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), morbidity, and mortality. Therefore, assessing the stigma, social support, and other determinants of anxiety and depression in PLWHA are important for developing further interventions.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 505 PLWHA, approached through systematic sampling, who paid routine visits to the ART center, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad. Data was collected by pretested validated hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Version 26 of the SPSS was used to apply Logistic regression analysis to identify determinants, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was calculated to assess the magnitude of the relationships.Results: In PLWHA, the prevalence of co-morbid depression and anxiety was 80%. Separately, 89.9% had depression, and 80.3% had anxiety. Use of illicit...
Background While vaccine development is itself a challenge; ensuring optimal vaccine uptake at po... more Background While vaccine development is itself a challenge; ensuring optimal vaccine uptake at population level can present an even more significant challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the Pakistani population’s attitude and preferences towards the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out through an online self-administered questionnaire from 27 September 2020 to 11 October 2020. A total of 883 people responded to the survey. The questionnaire included the participants’ socio-demographic variables, attitudes, beliefs towards the COVID-19 vaccine and acceptance and rejection of vaccination, and reasons for them. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the predictors for vaccine acceptance and willingness to pay for the vaccine. Results A majority (70.8%) of respondents will accept the COVID-19vaccine if available, and 66.8% showed a positive attitude towards vaccination. Monthly family income, education level, s...
In this research paper, the impact of water pH on detergent was measured by constructing a Fuzzy ... more In this research paper, the impact of water pH on detergent was measured by constructing a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers (IFNs) by incorporating three linguistic inputs and one output as taken by Saeed. M. et al. [1]. The inference process was carried out using MATLAB fuzzy logic toolbox and the results were compared with FLC based on fuzzy numbers. The objective of the study was the comparison of FLC based on intuitionistic and fuzzy numbers. The results showed that FLC based on IFNs is approximately the same but has more precise values. So, IFNs based FLC can be used in the Instinctive Laundry System.
Background Previous studies identified alarming use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM... more Background Previous studies identified alarming use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in Pakistani population but its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still largely unknown. Objective This study aimed to determine the association between PIMs use and HRQoL among elderly cardiac outpatients. Method A descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2018 to September 2018 in two outpatient departments of tertiary-care hospitals in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. The population under study were patients aged ≥ 65 years with at least one cardiovascular condition taking at ≥ 1 prescribed medication. Patients with PIMs were identified by using Beers criteria. HRQoL was assessed using EuroQoL-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EuroQoL-visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). The association of PIMs with HRQoL was analyzed using χ 2 tests, independent sample t -test, and one-way ANOVA tests. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine how HRQoL varied by PIMs use after adjusting for patient-level covariates. Results Of 386 elderly cardiac patients, 260 (67.4%) patients were receiving at least one PIM. Mean EQ-5D scores were significantly lower among patients with PIMs (0.51) compared to patients without PIMs (0.65) ( P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, increasing numbers of PIMs were significantly associated with lower EQ-5D scores [ β = − 0.040 (− 0.075, − 0.005), P < 0.001] and VAS scores [ β = − 1.686 (− 2.916, − 0.456), P < 0.05]. Conclusion The present study concluded that exposure to PIM was significantly associated with lower HRQoL. This indicates that guidelines recommendations should be followed to improve patient’s quality of life.
Homotopic solutions for Jeffrey material in frames of buoyancy forces are constructed in this res... more Homotopic solutions for Jeffrey material in frames of buoyancy forces are constructed in this research. The improved Fourier-Fick laws are considered for formulation. In addition, variable liquid aspects (thermal conductivity, mass diffusiv?ity) along with heat source are accounted. Prandtl?s boundary-layer idea is utilized to model the problem. Involvement of similarity variables resulted into non-linear system of coupled equations. The well-known homotopic scheme is employed for non-linear analysis. Besides, a comprehensive discussion is reported for arising dimensionless variables vs. significant profiles. Our results indicate a rise in thermal and solutal fields when variable conductivity and mass diffusivity parameters are increased.
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Papers by Muhammad Saqlain