The corrosion inhibition of aluminium in 1 M HCl solution by Morinda citrifolia L. (M. citrifolia... more The corrosion inhibition of aluminium in 1 M HCl solution by Morinda citrifolia L. (M. citrifolia L.) using chemical (weight loss, gasometry) and electrochemical (ac impedance and polarisation) techniques. All the methods employed are in quite good agreement. The inhibition efficiency increased as M. citrifolia L. concentration increased. It was found that adsorption for M. citrifolia L. on aluminium obeys with Langmuir adsorption isotherm in all studied temperature. Thermodynamic parameters (∆G ads , ∆H ads and ∆S ads) for M. citrifolia L. adsorption on aluminium were found out and discussed at each temperature.
The inhibitive effect of Solanum trilobatum leaves extract on the corrosion of aluminium in 1M Na... more The inhibitive effect of Solanum trilobatum leaves extract on the corrosion of aluminium in 1M NaOH solution was studied using weight loss, hydrogen evolution, polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The extract acts as an excellent corrosion inhibitor with 94% efficiency at the highest concentration in the alkaline environment and the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the extract. Polarisation studies revealed the fact that the leaves extract acted as a mixed type inhibitor. These results were supported by kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for corrosion and adsorption processes calculated from the experimental data at the various temperatures studied.
Abstract: The sulfonation of commercially available poly (ether imide) (PEI) (Ultem) was carried ... more Abstract: The sulfonation of commercially available poly (ether imide) (PEI) (Ultem) was carried out using chlorosulfonic acid (16 % w/v) in dichloroethane solution. The effect of temperature (0–60C) and the duration (1–16 h) of reaction on the extent of sulfonation was investigated. Structural characterization of these sulfonated polymers was done by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of sulfonated PEI in the N2 atmosphere decreased with the increase in extent of sulfonation. A multistep degradation was observed and the lowest char residue at 800C was obtained in samples having a high extent of sulfonation. Key Words: Sulfonation, poly(ether imide), sulfonated poly (ether imide), chlorosulfonic acid, thermal stability 1.
Abstract One of the most widely used Construction material is Concrete. The quality of the concre... more Abstract One of the most widely used Construction material is Concrete. The quality of the concrete is highly dependent on the material proportion which in turn depends on the application that it is being used for. In the conventional method, hike in the cost of the project is majorly synonymous to the use of formwork. And this gets added up with a list that includes safety issues, wastage of material, time elapse, space constrain, labour problems, etc. The aforementioned subjects can be made effective with the application of 3D Printing Techniques in Concrete Technology. This Paper targets on optimizing the mortar mix for 3D Printing Concrete with adaptable mineral and chemical admixtures. Use of accelerators reduced the final setting time to 95 min from conventional time of 310 min. Also the use of fly ash as replacement to sand enhanced the compressive strength to 30 MPa compared to conventional concrete that had 25 MPa. Other durability parameters were also improved compared to control mix.
International Educational Scientific Research Journal, 2016
In this paper, the low profile antenna has designed for microwave application. The material of su... more In this paper, the low profile antenna has designed for microwave application. The material of substrate for antenna design is synthesized by using SOL-GEL route method. Through the material characterization XRD and SEM, the substrate materials have tightly backed. With lower permittivity substrate “O” shape microstrip patch antenna and 2 × 1 series array are designed. The input power is passing through lumped ports with 50Ω impedance. The microstrip line feeding methods have chosen for both design analysis. The designs are simulating by using HFSS v11 software for better result reports. From these output analysis, the array antenna design provides the high gain in db. Hence this report proves as the gain set up through series array structure.
A database containing various location details is stored in the memory of Arduino controller. Thi... more A database containing various location details is stored in the memory of Arduino controller. This database is used in locating exact location of the bus. Also the informations stores in the RFID Tags of the students are made utilized by the RFID receivers situated in the school buses. If the particular student enters the bus and the drivers start the bus then the information is send to the parent’s of particular students, indicating that the bus has been started from the current location and their child has entered or exited from the bus through messages. Once, if it reaches the next stop then the stop location message is being sent. Suppose if there is a breakdown, then the driver can trigger a button indicating about the breakdown and time taken to recover it. If the drivers chooses an alternate path instead of usual path then the alert message will be send to all the parent’s and the management indicating that the route has been changed. In this way the student’s safety is enhan...
The rate constants for the attainment of adsorption equilibria at s 298, 303, 308 and 315.5K have... more The rate constants for the attainment of adsorption equilibria at s 298, 303, 308 and 315.5K have been determined for the adsorption of chloramine-T (CAT) on solid adsorbents such as activated carbon (AC), rice husk carbon (RHC), Salem bentonite (SB) silica gel (SG) and acidic alumina (AA). The energy of activation for chemisorption and Elovich parameters have been evaluated. The calculated pore and tilm diffusion coefficients have been used to ascertain the rate determining step in each case. The thermodynamic activation parameters for the adsorption of CAT on the different matrices have been evaluated. The calorimetric enthalpies have been experimentally determined. The isosteric, isochoric and Semenov Shilov enthalpies have been calculated. The probable causes for the difference in the different enthalpy values and the variation of free energy of adsorption with temperature have been discussed.
Subgrade of a pavement should be strong enough to give adequate support to the pavement and for s... more Subgrade of a pavement should be strong enough to give adequate support to the pavement and for supporting and distributing the wheel loads. The design and behaviour of a flexible pavement depends mainly on the stability of the subgrade soil, which can be increased by compacting the soil at optimum moisture content (OMC) thus achieving maximum dry density (MDD). In this study, Modified Proctor Compaction Test (MPCT) was conducted by giving 5 different number of blows per layer so as to establish a relationship of compaction energy with OMC & MDD. Also, OMC and MDD are one of the most important parameters influencing California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test. CBR is a penetration test used for evaluating the mechanical strength of subgrade soil and for determining the thickness of the pavement required. Determination of soaked and unsoaked CBR value for a soil is time consuming and a laborious process. Hence in this paper an attempt has been made to arrive at regression equations to correl...
International Educational Scientific Research Journal, 2016
In this proposed design of a Microstrip patch antenna, have designed with the lower dimension of ... more In this proposed design of a Microstrip patch antenna, have designed with the lower dimension of “O” shape Patch for superior radiation. At 2.45 GHz the patch gets radiated with perfect impedance matching. It has a dielectric constant as 2.2(RT DUROID 5880). Porosity and Permittivity are related properties of ceramic material. The doubly doped Nano ferrite Meta Ceramic material has placed in an antenna substrate part. The Synthesized substrate material (Mg Ce x Yb y Fe 2-x-y O 4 (X= 0.03 Y=0.05) has both low perm and low porosity. The proposed design have analyzed by using various simulation software (HFSS v11 & ADS 2009) and real time work. From these output report, the minimum dielectric material provides the better gain and radiation with miniaturized design of Microstrip line feed MSP.
The corrosion inhibition of aluminium in 1 M HCl solution by Morinda citrifolia L. (M. citrifolia... more The corrosion inhibition of aluminium in 1 M HCl solution by Morinda citrifolia L. (M. citrifolia L.) using chemical (weight loss, gasometry) and electrochemical (ac impedance and polarisation) techniques. All the methods employed are in quite good agreement. The inhibition efficiency increased as M. citrifolia L. concentration increased. It was found that adsorption for M. citrifolia L. on aluminium obeys with Langmuir adsorption isotherm in all studied temperature. Thermodynamic parameters (∆G ads , ∆H ads and ∆S ads) for M. citrifolia L. adsorption on aluminium were found out and discussed at each temperature.
The inhibitive effect of Solanum trilobatum leaves extract on the corrosion of aluminium in 1M Na... more The inhibitive effect of Solanum trilobatum leaves extract on the corrosion of aluminium in 1M NaOH solution was studied using weight loss, hydrogen evolution, polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The extract acts as an excellent corrosion inhibitor with 94% efficiency at the highest concentration in the alkaline environment and the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the extract. Polarisation studies revealed the fact that the leaves extract acted as a mixed type inhibitor. These results were supported by kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for corrosion and adsorption processes calculated from the experimental data at the various temperatures studied.
Abstract: The sulfonation of commercially available poly (ether imide) (PEI) (Ultem) was carried ... more Abstract: The sulfonation of commercially available poly (ether imide) (PEI) (Ultem) was carried out using chlorosulfonic acid (16 % w/v) in dichloroethane solution. The effect of temperature (0–60C) and the duration (1–16 h) of reaction on the extent of sulfonation was investigated. Structural characterization of these sulfonated polymers was done by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of sulfonated PEI in the N2 atmosphere decreased with the increase in extent of sulfonation. A multistep degradation was observed and the lowest char residue at 800C was obtained in samples having a high extent of sulfonation. Key Words: Sulfonation, poly(ether imide), sulfonated poly (ether imide), chlorosulfonic acid, thermal stability 1.
Abstract One of the most widely used Construction material is Concrete. The quality of the concre... more Abstract One of the most widely used Construction material is Concrete. The quality of the concrete is highly dependent on the material proportion which in turn depends on the application that it is being used for. In the conventional method, hike in the cost of the project is majorly synonymous to the use of formwork. And this gets added up with a list that includes safety issues, wastage of material, time elapse, space constrain, labour problems, etc. The aforementioned subjects can be made effective with the application of 3D Printing Techniques in Concrete Technology. This Paper targets on optimizing the mortar mix for 3D Printing Concrete with adaptable mineral and chemical admixtures. Use of accelerators reduced the final setting time to 95 min from conventional time of 310 min. Also the use of fly ash as replacement to sand enhanced the compressive strength to 30 MPa compared to conventional concrete that had 25 MPa. Other durability parameters were also improved compared to control mix.
International Educational Scientific Research Journal, 2016
In this paper, the low profile antenna has designed for microwave application. The material of su... more In this paper, the low profile antenna has designed for microwave application. The material of substrate for antenna design is synthesized by using SOL-GEL route method. Through the material characterization XRD and SEM, the substrate materials have tightly backed. With lower permittivity substrate “O” shape microstrip patch antenna and 2 × 1 series array are designed. The input power is passing through lumped ports with 50Ω impedance. The microstrip line feeding methods have chosen for both design analysis. The designs are simulating by using HFSS v11 software for better result reports. From these output analysis, the array antenna design provides the high gain in db. Hence this report proves as the gain set up through series array structure.
A database containing various location details is stored in the memory of Arduino controller. Thi... more A database containing various location details is stored in the memory of Arduino controller. This database is used in locating exact location of the bus. Also the informations stores in the RFID Tags of the students are made utilized by the RFID receivers situated in the school buses. If the particular student enters the bus and the drivers start the bus then the information is send to the parent’s of particular students, indicating that the bus has been started from the current location and their child has entered or exited from the bus through messages. Once, if it reaches the next stop then the stop location message is being sent. Suppose if there is a breakdown, then the driver can trigger a button indicating about the breakdown and time taken to recover it. If the drivers chooses an alternate path instead of usual path then the alert message will be send to all the parent’s and the management indicating that the route has been changed. In this way the student’s safety is enhan...
The rate constants for the attainment of adsorption equilibria at s 298, 303, 308 and 315.5K have... more The rate constants for the attainment of adsorption equilibria at s 298, 303, 308 and 315.5K have been determined for the adsorption of chloramine-T (CAT) on solid adsorbents such as activated carbon (AC), rice husk carbon (RHC), Salem bentonite (SB) silica gel (SG) and acidic alumina (AA). The energy of activation for chemisorption and Elovich parameters have been evaluated. The calculated pore and tilm diffusion coefficients have been used to ascertain the rate determining step in each case. The thermodynamic activation parameters for the adsorption of CAT on the different matrices have been evaluated. The calorimetric enthalpies have been experimentally determined. The isosteric, isochoric and Semenov Shilov enthalpies have been calculated. The probable causes for the difference in the different enthalpy values and the variation of free energy of adsorption with temperature have been discussed.
Subgrade of a pavement should be strong enough to give adequate support to the pavement and for s... more Subgrade of a pavement should be strong enough to give adequate support to the pavement and for supporting and distributing the wheel loads. The design and behaviour of a flexible pavement depends mainly on the stability of the subgrade soil, which can be increased by compacting the soil at optimum moisture content (OMC) thus achieving maximum dry density (MDD). In this study, Modified Proctor Compaction Test (MPCT) was conducted by giving 5 different number of blows per layer so as to establish a relationship of compaction energy with OMC & MDD. Also, OMC and MDD are one of the most important parameters influencing California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test. CBR is a penetration test used for evaluating the mechanical strength of subgrade soil and for determining the thickness of the pavement required. Determination of soaked and unsoaked CBR value for a soil is time consuming and a laborious process. Hence in this paper an attempt has been made to arrive at regression equations to correl...
International Educational Scientific Research Journal, 2016
In this proposed design of a Microstrip patch antenna, have designed with the lower dimension of ... more In this proposed design of a Microstrip patch antenna, have designed with the lower dimension of “O” shape Patch for superior radiation. At 2.45 GHz the patch gets radiated with perfect impedance matching. It has a dielectric constant as 2.2(RT DUROID 5880). Porosity and Permittivity are related properties of ceramic material. The doubly doped Nano ferrite Meta Ceramic material has placed in an antenna substrate part. The Synthesized substrate material (Mg Ce x Yb y Fe 2-x-y O 4 (X= 0.03 Y=0.05) has both low perm and low porosity. The proposed design have analyzed by using various simulation software (HFSS v11 & ADS 2009) and real time work. From these output report, the minimum dielectric material provides the better gain and radiation with miniaturized design of Microstrip line feed MSP.
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