The substrate serves as a habitat and a source of food for Nudibranch. Therefore, it influences t... more The substrate serves as a habitat and a source of food for Nudibranch. Therefore, it influences the existence of nudibranchs. This study examined the differences in the presence of nudibranchs at two locations with different substrate compositions on Lembeh Island and a flat island (Tunda Island). Data collection used a modified belt transect 50m long and 4m wide (200m2) with a depth of 5-7m along the coastline. A total of 86 individual specimens consisted of 12 families with 22 species were recorded. The largest group was the Phyllidiidae family (10 species). Chromodorididae and Polyceridae family represented by 3 species each, Facelinidae family represented by 2 species, and Dotidae, Flabellinidae, Discodorididae, and Myrrhinidae, each represented by one species. Nudibranch diversity was higher on Lembeh Island than Tunda Island. A total of 19 species were found on Lembeh Island while only 5 species were found on Tunda Island. The wealth of nudibranch is largely determined by the composition of the substrate. Based on hierarchical analysis 80.93% of determinants of nudibranch existence was a substrate category of DCA, sponges, and hard corals. Nudibranch’s diversity directly proportional to the percentage of DCA and sponge, and inversely proportional to the percentage of hard coral.
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Coral reef fish populations are decli... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Coral reef fish populations are declining due to multiple factors including habitat destruction, overfishing, and climate change. While these can include seasonal impact, seasonal changes can also be a confounding factor, so that seasonal monitoring is essential for detecting true temporal changes in fish community abundance and composition. However, seasonal monitoring is rarely implemented. The aim of this study was to detect the seasonal patterns of coral reef fish community structure around Tidung Kecil Island, Indonesia, using eDNA metabarcoding (eDNA) and underwater visual census (UVC). The UVC identified 32 species belonging to 10 families in the rainy season and 29 species belonging to 7 families in the dry seasons. The eDNA metabarcoding identified 209 species belonging to 56 families and 27 species belonging to 17 families in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. Based on eDNA metabarcoding data, coral reef fish abundance and community composition differed significantly between seasons (<jats:italic>Mann Whitney</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.01), while the UVC method did not detect these seasonal differences (<jats:italic>Mann Whitney</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&gt;0.05). UVC and eDNA data both showed a predominance of omnivorous fishes in the rainy season and carnivorous fishes in the dry season. Ecological indices did not differ significantly between seasons for either method, although the species making the highest contributions to the similarity (SIMPER) analysis differed between methods. Overall, this study confirms the premise that eDNA metabarcoding can be an effective tool for monitoring seasonal variation in coral reef fish communities.</jats:p>
Acantophyllia deshayesiana merupakan jenis karang daging yang dapat ditemukan pada kedalaman ± 30... more Acantophyllia deshayesiana merupakan jenis karang daging yang dapat ditemukan pada kedalaman ± 30 m, dibawah rongga batu, dan substrat halus. Taksonomi dan klasifikasi karang jenis ini tidak terdaftar dalam Famili Mussidae tetapi terdaftar sebagai spesies sinonim dari karang Cynarina lacrymalis. Klasifikasi tersebut didasarkan pada karakter morfologi (taksonomi klasik) meskipun karang memiliki respon yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan. Selain itu, terdapat kemungkinan A. deshayesiana merupakan jenis yang dimunculkan kembali seiring dengan adanya pendekatan molekuler dalam klasifikasi karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekerabatan A. deshayesiana dengan spesies sinonimnya dan pada level Famili. Penelitian ini merekonstruksi pohon filogeni pada Famili Mussidae menggunakan fragmen ribosomal DNA meliputi 13 genus dan 29 spesies yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Klasifikasi A. deshayesiana pada pohon filogeni berada pada kelompok sendiri dan lebih dekat berkerabat dengan jenis Austrolomussa rowleyensis dan Parascolymia vitiensis. Cynarina lacrymlis yang menjadi spesies sinonimnya berada pada kelompok berbeda, sehingga dapat dikatakan kedua jenis ini tidak lagi sama. Kedudukan jenis A. deshayesiana pada Famili Mussidae dapat dimunculkan kembali sebagai anggota baru karena pada Famili Mussidae spesiesnya lebih banyak bersifat monofiletik.
The mangrove ecosystem is a coastal ecosystem that is important for humans. Mangroves absorb carb... more The mangrove ecosystem is a coastal ecosystem that is important for humans. Mangroves absorb carbon in the atmosphere and store it in biomass or sediment. So, in other words, mangroves play a significant role in mitigating global climate change. This study aimed to examine the structure of the mangrove ecosystem composition and estimate standing carbon stocks on Sangiang Island, Banten. The data taken was for the categories of trees, saplings, and seedlings (consisting of mangrove species, DBH, and height). The study was conducted at three stations with three replications for each station. The allometric formula obtained the estimated carbon stock from the stand biomass value. The results showed that 11 species of mangrove species were found with an average density of 1266 ind/ha (trees), 3733 ind/ha (saplings), and <70% (seedlings). Then the estimated average carbon stock in Sangiang Island, Banten is 271.29 tons/ha.
Duncanopsammia axifuga (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) is reported for the first time from Indon... more Duncanopsammia axifuga (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) is reported for the first time from Indonesia. A population was found in 5-m deep, murky water on a sediment-rich, inshore reef at Bird’s Head Peninsula, West Papua. Some corals were attached to dead coral and others were loose fragments living on sediment. One attached specimen was observed to be damaged as a result of direct contact with an adjacent Goniopora coral. Free-living specimens on sand are more likely able to escape competition for space. These observations may help to better understand the northernmost range limit and the natural environment of D. axifuga, a species that is popular in the international aquarium trade, but has not been studied very well in the field.
Fisheries activity in Lampung Bay which has been very active in recent years is the cultivation o... more Fisheries activity in Lampung Bay which has been very active in recent years is the cultivation of green mussels (P. viridis) for consumption. Located in Teluk Betung Timur sub-district, this is considered appropriate because of the environmental parameters that support the life of P. viridis. The location of P. viridis cultivation is not far from coastal settlements (±500-600 m from settlements). Anthropogenic activities of coastal residents as well as the use of plastic materials in the cultivation are concerned to be the source of microplastic contamination that found in P. viridis. This study aims to determine the presence and characteristics of microplastics in P. viridis as well as to compare the abundance of microplastics in the gills and digestive organs. Taking 30 P. viridis by purposive sampling with homogeneous size. The samples were analyzed by microplastics in chemical oceanography and biology micro Laboratory, FPIK, IPB University. P. viridis tissue was destructed by u...
Perna viridis from the Bay of Jakarta was exposed to different concentrations (0, 21.6, 216 and 2... more Perna viridis from the Bay of Jakarta was exposed to different concentrations (0, 21.6, 216 and 2160 mg/l) of PVC microplastic particles for 91 days in a controlled laboratory experiment. Particles were negatively buoyant, but were regularly resuspended from the sediment, mimicking tidal events. The particles were contaminated with the organic pollutant fluoranthene, except for one control group, which was exposed to the highest plastic concentration (2160 mg/l) but with clean particles.Within the 91 days survival was monitored. After 40 - 44 days of the exposure, physiological responses of all mussel individuals were measured. Respiration rates were measured as the decrease of oxygen in a sealed container in 20 minutes. Clearance rates were determined by measuring the depletion of algal cells in the water in 30 minutes. Byssus production was assessed by counting the number of newly formed byssus discs within 24 hours.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Plastic waste is one of the marine debris that has negative impacts on the marine environment, su... more Plastic waste is one of the marine debris that has negative impacts on the marine environment, such as the death of biota and disturbing the beauty of nature. Plastics can degrade into microplastics. Microplastics in the marine environment can be found in waters and sediments, so they can enter the biota through the food chain. The research aims to examine the distribution of marine debris and microplastics on small islands (Tidung Kecil, Jakarta Bay) and the mainland (Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra). The total marine debris on Tidung Kecil Island (4.04 kg/m2) was greater than that of Sembilang National Plants (0.71 kg/m2). The average abundance of microplastics in the larger size area is greater than in small islands. This is because the substrate is predominantly clayey and muddy with a relatively calm environment, while on small islands the substrate is sand with a dynamic environment. The amount of marine debris found did not correlate with the abundance of microplastics.
The substrate serves as a habitat and a source of food for Nudibranch. Therefore, it influences t... more The substrate serves as a habitat and a source of food for Nudibranch. Therefore, it influences the existence of nudibranchs. This study examined the differences in the presence of nudibranchs at two locations with different substrate compositions on Lembeh Island and a flat island (Tunda Island). Data collection used a modified belt transect 50m long and 4m wide (200m2) with a depth of 5-7m along the coastline. A total of 86 individual specimens consisted of 12 families with 22 species were recorded. The largest group was the Phyllidiidae family (10 species). Chromodorididae and Polyceridae family represented by 3 species each, Facelinidae family represented by 2 species, and Dotidae, Flabellinidae, Discodorididae, and Myrrhinidae, each represented by one species. Nudibranch diversity was higher on Lembeh Island than Tunda Island. A total of 19 species were found on Lembeh Island while only 5 species were found on Tunda Island. The wealth of nudibranch is largely determined by the composition of the substrate. Based on hierarchical analysis 80.93% of determinants of nudibranch existence was a substrate category of DCA, sponges, and hard corals. Nudibranch’s diversity directly proportional to the percentage of DCA and sponge, and inversely proportional to the percentage of hard coral.
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Coral reef fish populations are decli... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Coral reef fish populations are declining due to multiple factors including habitat destruction, overfishing, and climate change. While these can include seasonal impact, seasonal changes can also be a confounding factor, so that seasonal monitoring is essential for detecting true temporal changes in fish community abundance and composition. However, seasonal monitoring is rarely implemented. The aim of this study was to detect the seasonal patterns of coral reef fish community structure around Tidung Kecil Island, Indonesia, using eDNA metabarcoding (eDNA) and underwater visual census (UVC). The UVC identified 32 species belonging to 10 families in the rainy season and 29 species belonging to 7 families in the dry seasons. The eDNA metabarcoding identified 209 species belonging to 56 families and 27 species belonging to 17 families in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. Based on eDNA metabarcoding data, coral reef fish abundance and community composition differed significantly between seasons (<jats:italic>Mann Whitney</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.01), while the UVC method did not detect these seasonal differences (<jats:italic>Mann Whitney</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&gt;0.05). UVC and eDNA data both showed a predominance of omnivorous fishes in the rainy season and carnivorous fishes in the dry season. Ecological indices did not differ significantly between seasons for either method, although the species making the highest contributions to the similarity (SIMPER) analysis differed between methods. Overall, this study confirms the premise that eDNA metabarcoding can be an effective tool for monitoring seasonal variation in coral reef fish communities.</jats:p>
Acantophyllia deshayesiana merupakan jenis karang daging yang dapat ditemukan pada kedalaman ± 30... more Acantophyllia deshayesiana merupakan jenis karang daging yang dapat ditemukan pada kedalaman ± 30 m, dibawah rongga batu, dan substrat halus. Taksonomi dan klasifikasi karang jenis ini tidak terdaftar dalam Famili Mussidae tetapi terdaftar sebagai spesies sinonim dari karang Cynarina lacrymalis. Klasifikasi tersebut didasarkan pada karakter morfologi (taksonomi klasik) meskipun karang memiliki respon yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan. Selain itu, terdapat kemungkinan A. deshayesiana merupakan jenis yang dimunculkan kembali seiring dengan adanya pendekatan molekuler dalam klasifikasi karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekerabatan A. deshayesiana dengan spesies sinonimnya dan pada level Famili. Penelitian ini merekonstruksi pohon filogeni pada Famili Mussidae menggunakan fragmen ribosomal DNA meliputi 13 genus dan 29 spesies yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Klasifikasi A. deshayesiana pada pohon filogeni berada pada kelompok sendiri dan lebih dekat berkerabat dengan jenis Austrolomussa rowleyensis dan Parascolymia vitiensis. Cynarina lacrymlis yang menjadi spesies sinonimnya berada pada kelompok berbeda, sehingga dapat dikatakan kedua jenis ini tidak lagi sama. Kedudukan jenis A. deshayesiana pada Famili Mussidae dapat dimunculkan kembali sebagai anggota baru karena pada Famili Mussidae spesiesnya lebih banyak bersifat monofiletik.
The mangrove ecosystem is a coastal ecosystem that is important for humans. Mangroves absorb carb... more The mangrove ecosystem is a coastal ecosystem that is important for humans. Mangroves absorb carbon in the atmosphere and store it in biomass or sediment. So, in other words, mangroves play a significant role in mitigating global climate change. This study aimed to examine the structure of the mangrove ecosystem composition and estimate standing carbon stocks on Sangiang Island, Banten. The data taken was for the categories of trees, saplings, and seedlings (consisting of mangrove species, DBH, and height). The study was conducted at three stations with three replications for each station. The allometric formula obtained the estimated carbon stock from the stand biomass value. The results showed that 11 species of mangrove species were found with an average density of 1266 ind/ha (trees), 3733 ind/ha (saplings), and <70% (seedlings). Then the estimated average carbon stock in Sangiang Island, Banten is 271.29 tons/ha.
Duncanopsammia axifuga (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) is reported for the first time from Indon... more Duncanopsammia axifuga (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) is reported for the first time from Indonesia. A population was found in 5-m deep, murky water on a sediment-rich, inshore reef at Bird’s Head Peninsula, West Papua. Some corals were attached to dead coral and others were loose fragments living on sediment. One attached specimen was observed to be damaged as a result of direct contact with an adjacent Goniopora coral. Free-living specimens on sand are more likely able to escape competition for space. These observations may help to better understand the northernmost range limit and the natural environment of D. axifuga, a species that is popular in the international aquarium trade, but has not been studied very well in the field.
Fisheries activity in Lampung Bay which has been very active in recent years is the cultivation o... more Fisheries activity in Lampung Bay which has been very active in recent years is the cultivation of green mussels (P. viridis) for consumption. Located in Teluk Betung Timur sub-district, this is considered appropriate because of the environmental parameters that support the life of P. viridis. The location of P. viridis cultivation is not far from coastal settlements (±500-600 m from settlements). Anthropogenic activities of coastal residents as well as the use of plastic materials in the cultivation are concerned to be the source of microplastic contamination that found in P. viridis. This study aims to determine the presence and characteristics of microplastics in P. viridis as well as to compare the abundance of microplastics in the gills and digestive organs. Taking 30 P. viridis by purposive sampling with homogeneous size. The samples were analyzed by microplastics in chemical oceanography and biology micro Laboratory, FPIK, IPB University. P. viridis tissue was destructed by u...
Perna viridis from the Bay of Jakarta was exposed to different concentrations (0, 21.6, 216 and 2... more Perna viridis from the Bay of Jakarta was exposed to different concentrations (0, 21.6, 216 and 2160 mg/l) of PVC microplastic particles for 91 days in a controlled laboratory experiment. Particles were negatively buoyant, but were regularly resuspended from the sediment, mimicking tidal events. The particles were contaminated with the organic pollutant fluoranthene, except for one control group, which was exposed to the highest plastic concentration (2160 mg/l) but with clean particles.Within the 91 days survival was monitored. After 40 - 44 days of the exposure, physiological responses of all mussel individuals were measured. Respiration rates were measured as the decrease of oxygen in a sealed container in 20 minutes. Clearance rates were determined by measuring the depletion of algal cells in the water in 30 minutes. Byssus production was assessed by counting the number of newly formed byssus discs within 24 hours.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Plastic waste is one of the marine debris that has negative impacts on the marine environment, su... more Plastic waste is one of the marine debris that has negative impacts on the marine environment, such as the death of biota and disturbing the beauty of nature. Plastics can degrade into microplastics. Microplastics in the marine environment can be found in waters and sediments, so they can enter the biota through the food chain. The research aims to examine the distribution of marine debris and microplastics on small islands (Tidung Kecil, Jakarta Bay) and the mainland (Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra). The total marine debris on Tidung Kecil Island (4.04 kg/m2) was greater than that of Sembilang National Plants (0.71 kg/m2). The average abundance of microplastics in the larger size area is greater than in small islands. This is because the substrate is predominantly clayey and muddy with a relatively calm environment, while on small islands the substrate is sand with a dynamic environment. The amount of marine debris found did not correlate with the abundance of microplastics.
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