Given the growing awareness of the importance of disruptive innovation (DI) in both emerging and ... more Given the growing awareness of the importance of disruptive innovation (DI) in both emerging and advanced economies, it becomes meaningful to examine under which circumstances disruptive innovation occurs and how to assess the essential characteristics and success factors for disruptive innovation through opportunity generation to provide a basis for guidance to practitioners. This paper focuses on assessment of disruptive innovation in the particular context of the Republic of China, one of the emerging markets for new management processes and practices. The previous has not been substantially addressed in the literature. Therefore, the intention in this paper is to contribute to bridge this gap through addressing how new innovation processes enable disruptive innovation drawing from Christensen's disruptive innovation and using an assessment framework proposed by Hang and Yu. To examine the above an inductive theory building methodology was carried out utilizing a multiple cas...
The intention in this paper is to present a conceptual framework developed as an evolution of the... more The intention in this paper is to present a conceptual framework developed as an evolution of the ‘innovation communities’ concept, called ‘Innovative Affinity Spaces’. This new construct is applied in the context of Chinese firms to explore how it affects network leadership in open innovation projects. Using dynamic network analysis as the methodological tool, the research hypotheses were addressed through cross-checking data from a sample of 68 Chinese networks of companies and research institutions. Our study yields important conclusions on the notion of network competencies/capabilities as critical elements towards successful network leadership acting within innovative affinity spaces. Keywords: Innovation networks, Network leadership, Network capabilities, Open innovation, Affinity spaces, Dynamic network analysis, China
Available literature shows that a large group's aggregated answers to questions involving qua... more Available literature shows that a large group's aggregated answers to questions involving quantity estimation, general world knowledge, and spatial reasoning has generally been found to be as good as, and often better than, the answer given by any of the individuals within the group. This has inspired the development of new models of crowd wisdom techniques such as prediction markets. To find out whether prediction market or crowd wisdom tools can help in making accurate prognosis, one medical case was chosen which is how well experienced doctors can predict the survivability of patients with gastric cancer. The results are compared with the outcome of survivability forecast using the Cox hazard proportion regression model and the artificial neural networks. The ANN accurately forecasted 31% of patients to survive whiles 33% will not. On the other hand, the Cox Hazard Model accurately predicted 29% of the patients to survive whiles 31% will not. Finally, the PM market predicted ...
This research focuses on the pension system in India and the pension systems reform that have bee... more This research focuses on the pension system in India and the pension systems reform that have been adopted to make the pension system more effective and efficient. The clamor for the pension reforms was driven by the challenges that existed within the old pension system structure in India. The pension reforms that were adopted in India were driven by various factors that include low pension coverage, pension system fiscal effects, high elderly poverty and administrative and regulatory ineffectiveness and inefficiencies. This research was borne from the weak and inefficient administration and regulations structure that existed within the pension system in India. The main focus of this research was to evaluate the impact of the adopted pension reforms on the administration and regulation structure within the pension system.The primary data that was used to evaluate the impact that the pension reforms have had on the administration and regulation within the pension system was gathered ...
Micro-health insurance models have emerged (in different forms) as a more reliable source of seek... more Micro-health insurance models have emerged (in different forms) as a more reliable source of seeking financial protection for a significant proportion of Pakistanis against the downside of medical cost. Most micro-health insurance contributions end up with mutual funds hence the performance of the mutual fund determines to a large extent the sustainability of the scheme. This makes the mutual fund market an indispensable factor in stimulating or stifling healthcare access in Pakistan with health equity implications. We applied a novel fast adaptive neural network classifier (FANNC) to publicly available historical financial performance data from the Mutual Fund Association of Pakistan. We benchmarked our results against the outcome of a backpropagation neural network model (BPN) and measured speed of processing performance information for micro-health insurance managers looking for high earning but less risky investment destination for their vulnerable funds. The FANNC tool proved s...
The insight that crowd responses to an estimation task can be modelled as a sample from a probabi... more The insight that crowd responses to an estimation task can be modelled as a sample from a probability distribution has invited comparisons with individual cognition and conventional decision making tools. However, within the past decade, conflicting evidence of the generalisability of crowd wisdom techniques in forecasting has reignited the debate on their robusticity in healthcare decision making. Patient arrivals at emergency departments of selected hospitals in China were modelled and predicted using a prediction market crowd wisdom technique. The mean average percentage error was compared with similar predictions using the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving averages. The prediction market quarterly patient flow prediction defeated the seasonal autoregressive moving averages model by 0.06% in the affiliated hospital of the Guilin medical university and by 0.56% in the affiliated Jiangsu university hospital but were weaker in terms of daily and monthly predictions. Moreover...
The health care industry has now become the most vibrant industries across the world. The growing... more The health care industry has now become the most vibrant industries across the world. The growing size of this industry, demand for potential and skilful managers and health care professionals is also growing. The demand and requirement for the managers have mounted because there is urgent need for meeting the challenges of this potential market. Because of globalization factor of health care industry, healthcare managers and professionals must have practice-oriented, international and intellectual skills. Health care management aims to furnish managers with the potentials that are required for the future global health care facilities. Typical of most developing countries, health inequity has become endemic in Pakistan over time. Despite its resource potential, several Pakistani’s (especially those in rural areas) live under high financial catastrophe and impoverishment and are unable to meet the constantly rising cost of an “unreliable” healthcare service. This paper examines how p...
According to the World Health Organisation 55% of total healthcare cost in Pakistan is financed t... more According to the World Health Organisation 55% of total healthcare cost in Pakistan is financed through Out of Pocket (OOP) while 26% of the population (largely public sector workers and military officers) have their healthcare cost partially funded by the state. In 2016, the gross total OOP expenditure incurred by households in Pakistan exceeded $3.9 million dollars. In the midst of escalating healthcare cost among the majority low-income households, expenses associated with sudden illness, are managed through adopting several coping strategies such as drawing on savings, borrowing and selling productive assets such as poultry, cattle and land. Despite the effort by many to survive the challenging healthcare environment in Pakistan, several researchers have documented patients face other hidden challenges as vast majority of modern medical personnel in view work as just a means to an end, serving as nothing other than an economic function (Furnham, 1990:148). This is largely the p...
This study investigates the views of chief communication officers and future leaders in the area ... more This study investigates the views of chief communication officers and future leaders in the area of public relations. A mixed method approach was pursued using survey questionnaire among 120 chief communication officers and next generation leaders supplemented by focus group interviews with10 chief communication officers and 10 future leaders respectively. Content analysis was undertaken to compare the views, experiences and expectations of the people representing the two target groups. - Findings from this study suggested that there is no narrow and conclusive picture of a specific type of personality or vision that a leader must share. The findings of the research demonstrate the need for establishing a precise interpretation of what strategic communication entails, including, strengthening of internal networking, promoting internships and training within a company, examine ways to bring close future to current communication leaders through mentoring programmes, and ...
Given the growing awareness of the importance of disruptive innovation (DI) in both emerging and ... more Given the growing awareness of the importance of disruptive innovation (DI) in both emerging and advanced economies, it becomes meaningful to examine under which circumstances disruptive innovation occurs and how to assess the essential characteristics and success factors for disruptive innovation through opportunity generation to provide a basis for guidance to practitioners. This paper focuses on assessment of disruptive innovation in the particular context of the Republic of China, one of the emerging markets for new management processes and practices. The previous has not been substantially addressed in the literature. Therefore, the intention in this paper is to contribute to bridge this gap through addressing how new innovation processes enable disruptive innovation drawing from Christensen's disruptive innovation and using an assessment framework proposed by Hang and Yu. To examine the above an inductive theory building methodology was carried out utilizing a multiple cas...
The intention in this paper is to present a conceptual framework developed as an evolution of the... more The intention in this paper is to present a conceptual framework developed as an evolution of the ‘innovation communities’ concept, called ‘Innovative Affinity Spaces’. This new construct is applied in the context of Chinese firms to explore how it affects network leadership in open innovation projects. Using dynamic network analysis as the methodological tool, the research hypotheses were addressed through cross-checking data from a sample of 68 Chinese networks of companies and research institutions. Our study yields important conclusions on the notion of network competencies/capabilities as critical elements towards successful network leadership acting within innovative affinity spaces. Keywords: Innovation networks, Network leadership, Network capabilities, Open innovation, Affinity spaces, Dynamic network analysis, China
Available literature shows that a large group's aggregated answers to questions involving qua... more Available literature shows that a large group's aggregated answers to questions involving quantity estimation, general world knowledge, and spatial reasoning has generally been found to be as good as, and often better than, the answer given by any of the individuals within the group. This has inspired the development of new models of crowd wisdom techniques such as prediction markets. To find out whether prediction market or crowd wisdom tools can help in making accurate prognosis, one medical case was chosen which is how well experienced doctors can predict the survivability of patients with gastric cancer. The results are compared with the outcome of survivability forecast using the Cox hazard proportion regression model and the artificial neural networks. The ANN accurately forecasted 31% of patients to survive whiles 33% will not. On the other hand, the Cox Hazard Model accurately predicted 29% of the patients to survive whiles 31% will not. Finally, the PM market predicted ...
This research focuses on the pension system in India and the pension systems reform that have bee... more This research focuses on the pension system in India and the pension systems reform that have been adopted to make the pension system more effective and efficient. The clamor for the pension reforms was driven by the challenges that existed within the old pension system structure in India. The pension reforms that were adopted in India were driven by various factors that include low pension coverage, pension system fiscal effects, high elderly poverty and administrative and regulatory ineffectiveness and inefficiencies. This research was borne from the weak and inefficient administration and regulations structure that existed within the pension system in India. The main focus of this research was to evaluate the impact of the adopted pension reforms on the administration and regulation structure within the pension system.The primary data that was used to evaluate the impact that the pension reforms have had on the administration and regulation within the pension system was gathered ...
Micro-health insurance models have emerged (in different forms) as a more reliable source of seek... more Micro-health insurance models have emerged (in different forms) as a more reliable source of seeking financial protection for a significant proportion of Pakistanis against the downside of medical cost. Most micro-health insurance contributions end up with mutual funds hence the performance of the mutual fund determines to a large extent the sustainability of the scheme. This makes the mutual fund market an indispensable factor in stimulating or stifling healthcare access in Pakistan with health equity implications. We applied a novel fast adaptive neural network classifier (FANNC) to publicly available historical financial performance data from the Mutual Fund Association of Pakistan. We benchmarked our results against the outcome of a backpropagation neural network model (BPN) and measured speed of processing performance information for micro-health insurance managers looking for high earning but less risky investment destination for their vulnerable funds. The FANNC tool proved s...
The insight that crowd responses to an estimation task can be modelled as a sample from a probabi... more The insight that crowd responses to an estimation task can be modelled as a sample from a probability distribution has invited comparisons with individual cognition and conventional decision making tools. However, within the past decade, conflicting evidence of the generalisability of crowd wisdom techniques in forecasting has reignited the debate on their robusticity in healthcare decision making. Patient arrivals at emergency departments of selected hospitals in China were modelled and predicted using a prediction market crowd wisdom technique. The mean average percentage error was compared with similar predictions using the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving averages. The prediction market quarterly patient flow prediction defeated the seasonal autoregressive moving averages model by 0.06% in the affiliated hospital of the Guilin medical university and by 0.56% in the affiliated Jiangsu university hospital but were weaker in terms of daily and monthly predictions. Moreover...
The health care industry has now become the most vibrant industries across the world. The growing... more The health care industry has now become the most vibrant industries across the world. The growing size of this industry, demand for potential and skilful managers and health care professionals is also growing. The demand and requirement for the managers have mounted because there is urgent need for meeting the challenges of this potential market. Because of globalization factor of health care industry, healthcare managers and professionals must have practice-oriented, international and intellectual skills. Health care management aims to furnish managers with the potentials that are required for the future global health care facilities. Typical of most developing countries, health inequity has become endemic in Pakistan over time. Despite its resource potential, several Pakistani’s (especially those in rural areas) live under high financial catastrophe and impoverishment and are unable to meet the constantly rising cost of an “unreliable” healthcare service. This paper examines how p...
According to the World Health Organisation 55% of total healthcare cost in Pakistan is financed t... more According to the World Health Organisation 55% of total healthcare cost in Pakistan is financed through Out of Pocket (OOP) while 26% of the population (largely public sector workers and military officers) have their healthcare cost partially funded by the state. In 2016, the gross total OOP expenditure incurred by households in Pakistan exceeded $3.9 million dollars. In the midst of escalating healthcare cost among the majority low-income households, expenses associated with sudden illness, are managed through adopting several coping strategies such as drawing on savings, borrowing and selling productive assets such as poultry, cattle and land. Despite the effort by many to survive the challenging healthcare environment in Pakistan, several researchers have documented patients face other hidden challenges as vast majority of modern medical personnel in view work as just a means to an end, serving as nothing other than an economic function (Furnham, 1990:148). This is largely the p...
This study investigates the views of chief communication officers and future leaders in the area ... more This study investigates the views of chief communication officers and future leaders in the area of public relations. A mixed method approach was pursued using survey questionnaire among 120 chief communication officers and next generation leaders supplemented by focus group interviews with10 chief communication officers and 10 future leaders respectively. Content analysis was undertaken to compare the views, experiences and expectations of the people representing the two target groups. - Findings from this study suggested that there is no narrow and conclusive picture of a specific type of personality or vision that a leader must share. The findings of the research demonstrate the need for establishing a precise interpretation of what strategic communication entails, including, strengthening of internal networking, promoting internships and training within a company, examine ways to bring close future to current communication leaders through mentoring programmes, and ...
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