International Journal of Medicine and Health Development, 2007
Background: Rural Igbo women frequently perceive disorders of menstruation in the context of thei... more Background: Rural Igbo women frequently perceive disorders of menstruation in the context of their inability to achieve pregnancy, and may otherwise not volunteer information on such abnormalities in the gynaecological clinic. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of menstrual disorders in rural Igbo women of Ebonyi State, South East Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Data was collected from 1500 women in randomly selected communities in rural Ebonyi State by trained research assistants using pre tested questionnaires in a cross sectional study that spanned three months, March to May 2005. Information obtained related to their socio demographic variables, menstrual characteristics and disorders. Data obtained was analyzed using the epi info statistical programme. Results: One thousand, four hundred and sixty-three questionnaires were analyzed. The mean cycle length and mean menstrual flow duration in our study population were 29.6 days and 4.4 days respectively. Eight hundred and twenty-nine (56.7%) of the respondents had one or a combination of menstrual disorders. Dysmenorrhoea occurred in 51.3% of the women and was the commonest menstrual disorder noted. Intermenstrual bleeding, found in forty-five (3.1%) respondents was the least common. Short cycle length ( 35 days), menstrual flow duration lasting more than 7 days and heavy menstrual loss were significantly more prevalent among the adolescents than other age groups. Conclusion: Menstrual complaints which are important indices of women's well being are commonly encountered in Igbo women of Southeast Nigeria, and may indicate underlying gynaecological pathology. Keywords : disorders, menstrual, menorrhagia, Igbo, health Journal of College of Medicine Vol. 12 (2) 2007: pp. 61-66
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2019
Increasing caesarean section rate is a source of concern to obstetricians due to the attendant in... more Increasing caesarean section rate is a source of concern to obstetricians due to the attendant increased health risk, its commonest complication is bleeding, which occasionally may be life threatening. Tranexamic acid has recently been investigated as a potentially useful adjunct for the prevention of maternal morbidity. The research aim to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid at reducing blood loss during elective caesarean section. The method used was a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial among women who had elective caesarean section at the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA) and Mile 4 Hospital Abakaliki. Data analysis was done using statistical Package for Social Science (IBM SPSS) software (version 20, Chicago II, USA). The results from the finding show that mean estimated blood loss was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid group (566.78±267.42 ml versus 819.09±348.36 ml, p 1000 ml was also significantly lower in the study group compared with the...
Background : The adolescent period represents a time of considerable change in a woman\'s lif... more Background : The adolescent period represents a time of considerable change in a woman\'s lifetime as reproductive capacity is achieved and sexual activity commences. This period might be attended by different gynaecological disorders. Objective: This study was to determine the common gynaecological disorders among adolescents, who presented at the gynaecological clinic of the Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital. Method: A retrospective study of all cases of adolescent gynaecologic presentations seen in the gynaecologic clinic. Emergency cases seen at the Accident and Emergency clinic were excluded. The study spanned 5 years - September 2000 to August 2005. Information was extracted from case notes retrieved from the central records department and analyzed. Result: Adolescents constituted 5.4% of the 3,703 new gynaecologic patients seen during the review period. They presented mainly with menstrual disorders (21%), abortion complications (18%) and reproductive tract infections (15%). Other presentations included: infertility 6.5%, pelvic masses 6%, sexual assault 4%, labial fusion 3%, and utero-vaginal prolapse 2%. Urethral prolapse, vesicovaginal fistula, Bartholin\'s cyst and Asherman\'s syndrome were also seen. Conclusion: Adolescents constitute a significant number of gynaecological clinic patients with varied disorders. Doctors and other health care personnel directly involved in the management of adolescents in gynaecology must be equipped to treat this delicate group with empathy and expertise. Early marriages should be discouraged. Keywords : Abakaliki, Adolescents, Disorders, Gynaecological, Nigeria. Ebonyi Medical Journal Vol. 6 (2) 2007: pp. 89-93
Context: Induction of labour (IOL) is a therapeutic challenge and an alternative to Caesarean sec... more Context: Induction of labour (IOL) is a therapeutic challenge and an alternative to Caesarean section. Objectives: To evaluate the success rate of IOL and its determinants at the Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital (EBSUTH), Abakaliki. Methods: A retrospective study involving 251 parturients who had induction of labour over a five-year period. Results: IOL accounted for 2.9% of the 8,676 deliveries during the study period. The overall success rate for labour induction in EBSUTH was 83.1%. Multiparous women achieved a success rate of 91.4%, grandmultipara 95.7%, and primigravida 58.2%. IOL using Misoprostol had a success rate of 83.1% and Oxytocin titration with synchronous fore water amniotomy 83.1%. Common indications for IOL included prolonged pregnancy (69.0%), and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (15.7%). Factors influencing outcome included parity, booking status, gestational age, pre-induction cervical status and latent period interval. Conclusion: Induction of labour EBSUTH had a high success rate of 83.1%. Booking status, pre induction cervical Bishop's score ans parity amongst others significantly influenced the success rate in this study. Key Words: Induction, labour, oxytocin, misoprostol, EBSUTH, outcome.
Ebonyi State has an HIV prevalence rate of 11.1%. The state has 2.1 million inhabitants, who are ... more Ebonyi State has an HIV prevalence rate of 11.1%. The state has 2.1 million inhabitants, who are mainly rural dwellers where traditional birth attendants play pivotal role in healthcare delivery. This study assesses the awareness of HIV infection and its route of transmission among the traditional birth attendants in Ebonyi State. A hundred and nine traditional birth attendants (TBAs) randomly selected were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire in a cross sectional study that spanned 11 months. Most respondents (88.9%) had no formal education. Only 65.1% have heard of HIV and none had practices directed towards HIV prevention. Aseptic/sterilization procedures were minimal. The level of awareness of the HIV pandemic was low among TBAs. Their practices were sub standard and may encourage the spread of HIV/AIDS among their clients. A strategy considering the unique characteristics and needs of the TBAs is advocated to integrate them into the National Prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) programmes. Keywords : awareness, aseptic, delivery, infection, transmission. The Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 51 (1&2) 2007: pp. 6-10
Background: Patients’ perception of the aetiopathogenesis of VVF is important in preventing recur... more Background: Patients’ perception of the aetiopathogenesis of VVF is important in preventing recurrence of the fistula. Objective: To assess patients’ knowledge of the causes of the fistula and their attitude towards future pregnancy. Materials and methods: Cross sectional descriptive study using Interviewer-administered semi structured questionnaire on VVF patients between 2008 and 2010 at the Southeast fistula centre Abakaliki. A focus group discussion was held with the nurses in charge of the patients in the ward who educate the patients of the precaution needed to prevent future occurrences. Results: A total of 147 patients participated in the study. The mean age was 34.3 +11.9 years. One hundred and forty two (96.6%) of the fistulae occurred as a result of prolonged obstructed labour. One hundred and thirty two of those with obstructed labour identified the cause of their fistula correctly. Other causes as perceived by the patient include; instrumental delivery, caesarean section, incorrect delivery method. God’s will and witchcraft were among the background factors identified as leading to the fistula. Sixty participants said they would want to get pregnant again, 10% of them were indifferent while 20% were apprehensive about the next pregnancy. The focused group discussion revealed a deficient pre and post operative counseling policy. Conclusion: A number of VVF patients do not correctly appreciate the aetiopathoenesis of the condition. There is need for a comprehensive counseling guideline for such patients. Training of care providers and public health education are advocated. Key words: Perception, cause, vesicovaginal fistula, attitude
Objective: To evaluate the incidence and clinical presentation of cervical cancer in a Nigerian t... more Objective: To evaluate the incidence and clinical presentation of cervical cancer in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. Methods: A review of retrieved retrospective data relating to patients managed for cancer of the cervix at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City between January 1991 and December, 2000 was done and is presented as frequency tables. Results: Cancer of the cervix constituted 72.9% of all gynaecological malignancies seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) and accounted for 4.8% of all new gynaecological admissions. The mean age at presentation was 49.1+5.7 years, with a peak age of 41 years to 50 years. Commonest presenting feature was abnormal vaginal bleeding while the modal stage at presentation was IIIB. The squamous cell variety was commonly encountered. Conclusion: Cancer of the cervix is of Public health importance in Benin City, Nigeria. Late presentations render curative protocols ineffective. Public enlightenment targeting sexually active women in the lower socio economic strata to boost uptake of screening services should be undertaken. Keywords : cancer, cervix, late, Benin City Orient Journal of Medicine Vol. 19 (1-4) 2007: pp. 24-30
Background: Reproduction occurs under conditions that threaten the life and well-being of women r... more Background: Reproduction occurs under conditions that threaten the life and well-being of women resulting in a very high level of maternal mortality and morbidity. Prominent among these morbidities is obstetric fistula which when occurs threatens the reproductive health of the . womanAim and Objective: To examine the reproductive health expectations of women who had successful Obstetric VVF repair in South East Nigeria.Methods: A qualitative study based on an in-depth interview was conducted of six successfully repaired post vvf repair women at the South East Fistula Centre.Results: Six women who had successful repair of their fistulae participated in the in depth interview. Their mean age was 28.7+ 6.4 years (2SD). Majority belonged to low social economic class. Their VVF resulted from prolonged obstructed labour and they were well aware of this. All participants had established mentrual function during the period of the condition. Five desired future pregnancy would gladly access ...
International Journal of Medicine and Health Development, 2007
Background: Rural Igbo women frequently perceive disorders of menstruation in the context of thei... more Background: Rural Igbo women frequently perceive disorders of menstruation in the context of their inability to achieve pregnancy, and may otherwise not volunteer information on such abnormalities in the gynaecological clinic. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of menstrual disorders in rural Igbo women of Ebonyi State, South East Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Data was collected from 1500 women in randomly selected communities in rural Ebonyi State by trained research assistants using pre tested questionnaires in a cross sectional study that spanned three months, March to May 2005. Information obtained related to their socio demographic variables, menstrual characteristics and disorders. Data obtained was analyzed using the epi info statistical programme. Results: One thousand, four hundred and sixty-three questionnaires were analyzed. The mean cycle length and mean menstrual flow duration in our study population were 29.6 days and 4.4 days respectively. Eight hundred and twenty-nine (56.7%) of the respondents had one or a combination of menstrual disorders. Dysmenorrhoea occurred in 51.3% of the women and was the commonest menstrual disorder noted. Intermenstrual bleeding, found in forty-five (3.1%) respondents was the least common. Short cycle length ( 35 days), menstrual flow duration lasting more than 7 days and heavy menstrual loss were significantly more prevalent among the adolescents than other age groups. Conclusion: Menstrual complaints which are important indices of women's well being are commonly encountered in Igbo women of Southeast Nigeria, and may indicate underlying gynaecological pathology. Keywords : disorders, menstrual, menorrhagia, Igbo, health Journal of College of Medicine Vol. 12 (2) 2007: pp. 61-66
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2019
Increasing caesarean section rate is a source of concern to obstetricians due to the attendant in... more Increasing caesarean section rate is a source of concern to obstetricians due to the attendant increased health risk, its commonest complication is bleeding, which occasionally may be life threatening. Tranexamic acid has recently been investigated as a potentially useful adjunct for the prevention of maternal morbidity. The research aim to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid at reducing blood loss during elective caesarean section. The method used was a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial among women who had elective caesarean section at the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA) and Mile 4 Hospital Abakaliki. Data analysis was done using statistical Package for Social Science (IBM SPSS) software (version 20, Chicago II, USA). The results from the finding show that mean estimated blood loss was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid group (566.78±267.42 ml versus 819.09±348.36 ml, p 1000 ml was also significantly lower in the study group compared with the...
Background : The adolescent period represents a time of considerable change in a woman\'s lif... more Background : The adolescent period represents a time of considerable change in a woman\'s lifetime as reproductive capacity is achieved and sexual activity commences. This period might be attended by different gynaecological disorders. Objective: This study was to determine the common gynaecological disorders among adolescents, who presented at the gynaecological clinic of the Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital. Method: A retrospective study of all cases of adolescent gynaecologic presentations seen in the gynaecologic clinic. Emergency cases seen at the Accident and Emergency clinic were excluded. The study spanned 5 years - September 2000 to August 2005. Information was extracted from case notes retrieved from the central records department and analyzed. Result: Adolescents constituted 5.4% of the 3,703 new gynaecologic patients seen during the review period. They presented mainly with menstrual disorders (21%), abortion complications (18%) and reproductive tract infections (15%). Other presentations included: infertility 6.5%, pelvic masses 6%, sexual assault 4%, labial fusion 3%, and utero-vaginal prolapse 2%. Urethral prolapse, vesicovaginal fistula, Bartholin\'s cyst and Asherman\'s syndrome were also seen. Conclusion: Adolescents constitute a significant number of gynaecological clinic patients with varied disorders. Doctors and other health care personnel directly involved in the management of adolescents in gynaecology must be equipped to treat this delicate group with empathy and expertise. Early marriages should be discouraged. Keywords : Abakaliki, Adolescents, Disorders, Gynaecological, Nigeria. Ebonyi Medical Journal Vol. 6 (2) 2007: pp. 89-93
Context: Induction of labour (IOL) is a therapeutic challenge and an alternative to Caesarean sec... more Context: Induction of labour (IOL) is a therapeutic challenge and an alternative to Caesarean section. Objectives: To evaluate the success rate of IOL and its determinants at the Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital (EBSUTH), Abakaliki. Methods: A retrospective study involving 251 parturients who had induction of labour over a five-year period. Results: IOL accounted for 2.9% of the 8,676 deliveries during the study period. The overall success rate for labour induction in EBSUTH was 83.1%. Multiparous women achieved a success rate of 91.4%, grandmultipara 95.7%, and primigravida 58.2%. IOL using Misoprostol had a success rate of 83.1% and Oxytocin titration with synchronous fore water amniotomy 83.1%. Common indications for IOL included prolonged pregnancy (69.0%), and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (15.7%). Factors influencing outcome included parity, booking status, gestational age, pre-induction cervical status and latent period interval. Conclusion: Induction of labour EBSUTH had a high success rate of 83.1%. Booking status, pre induction cervical Bishop's score ans parity amongst others significantly influenced the success rate in this study. Key Words: Induction, labour, oxytocin, misoprostol, EBSUTH, outcome.
Ebonyi State has an HIV prevalence rate of 11.1%. The state has 2.1 million inhabitants, who are ... more Ebonyi State has an HIV prevalence rate of 11.1%. The state has 2.1 million inhabitants, who are mainly rural dwellers where traditional birth attendants play pivotal role in healthcare delivery. This study assesses the awareness of HIV infection and its route of transmission among the traditional birth attendants in Ebonyi State. A hundred and nine traditional birth attendants (TBAs) randomly selected were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire in a cross sectional study that spanned 11 months. Most respondents (88.9%) had no formal education. Only 65.1% have heard of HIV and none had practices directed towards HIV prevention. Aseptic/sterilization procedures were minimal. The level of awareness of the HIV pandemic was low among TBAs. Their practices were sub standard and may encourage the spread of HIV/AIDS among their clients. A strategy considering the unique characteristics and needs of the TBAs is advocated to integrate them into the National Prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) programmes. Keywords : awareness, aseptic, delivery, infection, transmission. The Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 51 (1&2) 2007: pp. 6-10
Background: Patients’ perception of the aetiopathogenesis of VVF is important in preventing recur... more Background: Patients’ perception of the aetiopathogenesis of VVF is important in preventing recurrence of the fistula. Objective: To assess patients’ knowledge of the causes of the fistula and their attitude towards future pregnancy. Materials and methods: Cross sectional descriptive study using Interviewer-administered semi structured questionnaire on VVF patients between 2008 and 2010 at the Southeast fistula centre Abakaliki. A focus group discussion was held with the nurses in charge of the patients in the ward who educate the patients of the precaution needed to prevent future occurrences. Results: A total of 147 patients participated in the study. The mean age was 34.3 +11.9 years. One hundred and forty two (96.6%) of the fistulae occurred as a result of prolonged obstructed labour. One hundred and thirty two of those with obstructed labour identified the cause of their fistula correctly. Other causes as perceived by the patient include; instrumental delivery, caesarean section, incorrect delivery method. God’s will and witchcraft were among the background factors identified as leading to the fistula. Sixty participants said they would want to get pregnant again, 10% of them were indifferent while 20% were apprehensive about the next pregnancy. The focused group discussion revealed a deficient pre and post operative counseling policy. Conclusion: A number of VVF patients do not correctly appreciate the aetiopathoenesis of the condition. There is need for a comprehensive counseling guideline for such patients. Training of care providers and public health education are advocated. Key words: Perception, cause, vesicovaginal fistula, attitude
Objective: To evaluate the incidence and clinical presentation of cervical cancer in a Nigerian t... more Objective: To evaluate the incidence and clinical presentation of cervical cancer in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. Methods: A review of retrieved retrospective data relating to patients managed for cancer of the cervix at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City between January 1991 and December, 2000 was done and is presented as frequency tables. Results: Cancer of the cervix constituted 72.9% of all gynaecological malignancies seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) and accounted for 4.8% of all new gynaecological admissions. The mean age at presentation was 49.1+5.7 years, with a peak age of 41 years to 50 years. Commonest presenting feature was abnormal vaginal bleeding while the modal stage at presentation was IIIB. The squamous cell variety was commonly encountered. Conclusion: Cancer of the cervix is of Public health importance in Benin City, Nigeria. Late presentations render curative protocols ineffective. Public enlightenment targeting sexually active women in the lower socio economic strata to boost uptake of screening services should be undertaken. Keywords : cancer, cervix, late, Benin City Orient Journal of Medicine Vol. 19 (1-4) 2007: pp. 24-30
Background: Reproduction occurs under conditions that threaten the life and well-being of women r... more Background: Reproduction occurs under conditions that threaten the life and well-being of women resulting in a very high level of maternal mortality and morbidity. Prominent among these morbidities is obstetric fistula which when occurs threatens the reproductive health of the . womanAim and Objective: To examine the reproductive health expectations of women who had successful Obstetric VVF repair in South East Nigeria.Methods: A qualitative study based on an in-depth interview was conducted of six successfully repaired post vvf repair women at the South East Fistula Centre.Results: Six women who had successful repair of their fistulae participated in the in depth interview. Their mean age was 28.7+ 6.4 years (2SD). Majority belonged to low social economic class. Their VVF resulted from prolonged obstructed labour and they were well aware of this. All participants had established mentrual function during the period of the condition. Five desired future pregnancy would gladly access ...
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