Deionized water and glucose without yeast and with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) of optical de... more Deionized water and glucose without yeast and with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) of optical density OD600 that ranges from 4 to 16 has been put in the ring electrode region of six different types of impedance biochips and impedance has been measured in dependence on the added volume (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 µL). The measured impedance of two out of the six types of biochips is strongly sensitive to the addition of both liquid without yeast and liquid with yeast and modelled impedance reveals a linear relationship between the impedance model parameters and yeast concentration. The presented biochips allow for continuous impedance measurements without interrupting the cultivation of the yeast. A multiparameter fit of the impedance model parameters allows for determining the concentration of yeast (cy) in the range from cy = 3.3 × 107 to cy = 17 × 107 cells/mL. This work shows that independent on the liquid, i.e., DI water or glucose, the impedance model parameters of the two most se...
Smart window is a promising green technology with feature of tunable transparency under external ... more Smart window is a promising green technology with feature of tunable transparency under external stimuli to manage light transmission and solar energy. However, more functions based on the intelligent management of the solar spectrum need to be integrated into present smart windows. In this work, a dual-function smart window is fabricated by pairing the luminescent switch with the electrochromic window. The dual function is based on a single fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass functionalized with tungsten oxide and copper nanocluster, among which tungsten oxide serves as an electrochromic material and copper nanocluster provides photoinduced luminescence. Along with the regulation of the visible light based on the electrochromism of the window, the luminescence can be finely switched on and off, which establishes a pair of reversible states ("on" and "off") for the dual-function smart window. The contrast between two states reaches 88%. Furthermore, the manipul...
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), Jan 19, 2018
Vanadium dioxide/titanium nitride (VO/TiN) smart coatings are prepared by hybridizing thermochrom... more Vanadium dioxide/titanium nitride (VO/TiN) smart coatings are prepared by hybridizing thermochromic VOwith plasmonic TiN nanoparticles. The VO/TiN coatings can control infrared (IR) radiation dynamically in accordance with the ambient temperature and illumination intensity. It blocks IR light under strong illumination at 28 °C but is IR transparent under weak irradiation conditions or at a low temperature of 20 °C. The VO/TiN coatings exhibit a good integral visible transmittance of up to 51% and excellent IR switching efficiency of 48% at 2000 nm. These unique advantages make VO/TiN promising as smart energy-saving windows.
A sperm-driven micromotor is presented as a targeted drug delivery system, which is appealing to ... more A sperm-driven micromotor is presented as a targeted drug delivery system, which is appealing to potentially treat diseases in the female reproductive tract. This system is demonstrated to be an efficient drug delivery vehicle by first loading a motile sperm cell with an anticancer drug (doxorubicin hydrochloride), guiding it magnetically, to an in vitro cultured tumor spheroid, and finally freeing the sperm cell to deliver the drug locally. The sperm release mechanism is designed to liberate the sperm when the biohybrid micromotor hits the tumor walls, allowing it to swim into the tumor and deliver the drug through the sperm-cancer cell membrane fusion. In our experiments, the sperm cells exhibited a high drug encapsulation capability and drug carrying stability, conveniently minimizing toxic side effects and unwanted drug accumulation in healthy tissues. Overall, sperm cells are excellent candidates to operate in physiological environments, as they neither express pathogenic prot...
The chemisorption of magnetically bistable transition metal complexes on planar surfaces has rece... more The chemisorption of magnetically bistable transition metal complexes on planar surfaces has recently attracted increased scientific interest due to its potential application in various fields, including molecular spintronics. In this work, the synthesis of mixed-ligand complexes of the type [NiII 2L(L’)](ClO4), where L represents a 24-membered macrocyclic hexaazadithiophenolate ligand and L’ is a ω-mercapto-carboxylato ligand (L’ = HS(CH2)5CO2 − (6), HS(CH2)10CO2 − (7), or HS(C6H4)2CO2 − (8)), and their ability to adsorb on gold surfaces is reported. Besides elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography (for 6 and 7), the compounds were also studied by temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements (for 7 and 8) and (broken symmetry) density functional theory (DFT) calculations. An S = 2 ground state is demonstrated by temperature-dependent susceptibility and magnetization measureme...
The development of scalable sources of non-classical light is fundamental to unlocking the techno... more The development of scalable sources of non-classical light is fundamental to unlocking the technological potential of quantum photonics. Semiconductor quantum dots are emerging as near-optimal sources of indistinguishable single photons. However, their performance as sources of entangled-photon pairs are still modest compared to parametric down converters. Photons emitted from conventional Stranski-Krastanov InGaAs quantum dots have shown non-optimal levels of entanglement and indistinguishability. For quantum networks, both criteria must be met simultaneously. Here, we show that this is possible with a system that has received limited attention so far: GaAs quantum dots. They can emit triggered polarization-entangled photons with high purity (g((2))(0) = 0.002±0.002), high indistinguishability (0.93±0.07 for 2 ns pulse separation) and high entanglement fidelity (0.94±0.01). Our results show that GaAs might be the material of choice for quantum-dot entanglement sources in future qua...
Quantum photonics holds great promise for future technologies such as secure communication, quant... more Quantum photonics holds great promise for future technologies such as secure communication, quantum computation, quantum simulation, and quantum metrology. An outstanding challenge for quantum photonics is to develop scalable miniature circuits that integrate single-photon sources, linear optical components, and detectors on a chip. Plasmonic nanocircuits will play essential roles in such developments. However, for quantum plasmonic circuits, integration of stable, bright, and narrow-band single photon sources in the structure has so far not been reported. Here we present a plasmonic nanocircuit driven by a self-assembled GaAs quantum dot. Through a planar dielectric-plasmonic hybrid waveguide, the quantum dot efficiently excites narrow-band single plasmons that are guided in a two-wire transmission line until they are converted into single photons by an optical antenna. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of fully on-chip plasmonic nanocircuits for quantum optical applications.
Subsequent treatment of H2TPP(CO2H)4 (tetra(p-carboxylic acid phenyl)porphyrin, 1) with an excess... more Subsequent treatment of H2TPP(CO2H)4 (tetra(p-carboxylic acid phenyl)porphyrin, 1) with an excess of oxalyl chloride and HNR2 afforded H2TPP(C(O)NR2)4 (R = Me, 2; iPr, 3) with yields exceeding 80%. The porphyrins 2 and 3 could be converted to the corresponding metalloporphyrins MTPP(C(O)NR2)4 (R = Me/iPr for M = Zn (2a, 3a); Cu (2b, 3b); Ni (2c, 3c); Co (2d, 3d)) by the addition of 3 equiv of anhydrous MCl2 (M = Zn, Cu, Ni, Co) to dimethylformamide solutions of 2 and 3 at elevated temperatures. Metalloporphyrins 2a-d and 3a-d were obtained in yields exceeding 60% and have been, as well as 2 and 3, characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) and IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. Porphyrins 2, 2a-d and 3, 3a-d are not suitable for organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD), which is attributed to their comparatively low thermal stability as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) of selected representatives.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), Jan 10, 2017
A novel realization of microtubular direct methanol fuel cells (µDMFC) with ultrahigh power outpu... more A novel realization of microtubular direct methanol fuel cells (µDMFC) with ultrahigh power output is reported by using "rolled-up" nanotechnology. The microtube (Pt-RuO2 -RUMT) is prepared by rolling up Ru2 O layers coated with magnetron-sputtered Pt nanoparticles (cat-NPs). The µDMFC is fabricated by embedding the tube in a fluidic cell. The footprint of per tube is as small as 1.5 × 10(-4) cm(2) . A power density of ≈257 mW cm(-2) is obtained, which is three orders of magnitude higher than the present microsized DFMCs. Atomic layer deposition technique is applied to alleviate the methanol crossover as well as improve stability of the tube, sustaining electrolyte flow for days. A laminar flow driven mechanism is proposed, and the kinetics of the fuel oxidation depends on a linear-diffusion-controlled process. The electrocatalytic performance on anode and cathode is studied by scanning both sides of the tube wall as an ex situ working electrode, respectively. This prototy...
Silicon, although widely used in modern electronic devices, has not yet been implemented in therm... more Silicon, although widely used in modern electronic devices, has not yet been implemented in thermoelectric applications mainly due to its high thermal conductivity, κ, which leads to an extremely low thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency (figure of merit). Here, we present an approach to manage κ of Si thin-film-based nanoarchitectures through the formation of radial and planar Si/SiOx hybrid nanomembrane superlattices (HNMSLs). For the radial Si/SiOx HNMSLs with various numbers of windings (1, 2, and 5 windings), we observe a continuous reduction in κ with increasing number of windings. Meanwhile, the planar Si/SiOx HNMSL, which is fabricated by mechanically compressing a five-windings rolled-up microtube, shows the smallest in-plane thermal conductivity among all the reported values for Si-based superlattices. A theoretical model proposed within the framework of the Born-von Karman lattice dynamics to quantitatively interpret the experimental data indicates that the thermal ...
We explore a method to achieve electrical control over the energy of on-demand entangled-photon e... more We explore a method to achieve electrical control over the energy of on-demand entangled-photon emission from self-assembled quantum dots (QDs). The device used in our work consists of an electrically tunable diode-like membrane integrated onto a piezoactuator, which is capable of exerting a uniaxial stress on QDs. We theoretically reveal that, through application of the quantum-confined Stark effect to QDs by a vertical electric field, the critical uniaxial stress used to eliminate the fine structure splitting of QDs can be linearly tuned. This feature allows experimental realization of a triggered source of energy-tunable entangled-photon emission. Our demonstration represents an important step toward realization of a solid-state quantum repeater using indistinguishable entangled photons in Bell state measurements.
Elastic strain fields based on single crystal piezoelectric elements represent an effective way f... more Elastic strain fields based on single crystal piezoelectric elements represent an effective way for engineering the quantum dot (QD) emission with unrivaled precision and technological relevance. However, pioneering researches in this direction were mainly based on bulk piezoelectric substrates, which prevent the development of chip-scale devices. Here, we present a monolithically integrated Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device with great potential for on-chip quantum photonic applications. High-quality epitaxial PMN-PT thin films have been grown on SrTiO3 buffered Si and show excellent piezoelectric responses. Dense arrays of MEMS with small footprints are then fabricated based on these films, forming an on-chip strain tuning platform. After transferring the QD-containing nanomembranes onto these MEMS, the nonclassical emissions (e.g., single photons) from single QDs can be engineered by the strain fields. We envision that the strain tunable QD sources on the individually a...
Wetlands are important sources of globally-emitted methane. Plants mediate much of that emission ... more Wetlands are important sources of globally-emitted methane. Plants mediate much of that emission by releasing root-derived organic carbon, including formate, a direct precursor of methane. Thus, the objective of this study was to resolve formate-driven processes potentially linked to methanogenesis in the fen root-zone. Although formate was anticipated to directly trigger methanogenesis, the rapid anaerobic consumption of formate by Carex roots unexpectedly yielded H2 and CO2 via enzymes such as formate-H2 -lyase (FHL), and likewise appeared to enhance the utilization of organic carbon. Collectively, 57 [FeFe]- and [NiFe]-hydrogenase-containing family-level phylotypes potentially linked to FHL activity were detected. Under anoxic conditions, root-derived fermentative Citrobacter and Hafnia isolates produced H2 from formate via FHL. Formate-derived H2 fueled methanogenesis and acetogenesis, and methanogenic (Methanoregula, Methanobacterium, Methanocella) and acetogenic (Acetonema, Cl...
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), Jan 22, 2016
Remote-controlled release of single sperm cells is demonstrated by the use of polymeric microtube... more Remote-controlled release of single sperm cells is demonstrated by the use of polymeric microtubes that unfold upon temperature increase to 38 °C. Thermoresponsive, ferromagnetic multilayers are tailored to catch sperm cells and remotely control them by external magnetic fields. These polymeric spermbots are propelled by the sperm flagella. When the temperature is increased, the tubes unfold and the cell is set free.
This article explains what inflation is and how it is calculated. The reader learns about the two... more This article explains what inflation is and how it is calculated. The reader learns about the two causes of inflation: Government debt and scarcity of goods and services. Policy responses to inflation must be designed based on correctly identifying the root cause.
This investigation shows that the properties of the two-dimensional flow around a high-lift multi... more This investigation shows that the properties of the two-dimensional flow around a high-lift multi-element airfoil obtained by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations can be used for the prediction of attachment-line transition (ALT) by the criterion of Pfenninger. Flow calculations are performed for three spanwise sections of a three-dimensional swept and tapered high-lift wing for which the occurrence of ALT is
Deionized water and glucose without yeast and with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) of optical de... more Deionized water and glucose without yeast and with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) of optical density OD600 that ranges from 4 to 16 has been put in the ring electrode region of six different types of impedance biochips and impedance has been measured in dependence on the added volume (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 µL). The measured impedance of two out of the six types of biochips is strongly sensitive to the addition of both liquid without yeast and liquid with yeast and modelled impedance reveals a linear relationship between the impedance model parameters and yeast concentration. The presented biochips allow for continuous impedance measurements without interrupting the cultivation of the yeast. A multiparameter fit of the impedance model parameters allows for determining the concentration of yeast (cy) in the range from cy = 3.3 × 107 to cy = 17 × 107 cells/mL. This work shows that independent on the liquid, i.e., DI water or glucose, the impedance model parameters of the two most se...
Smart window is a promising green technology with feature of tunable transparency under external ... more Smart window is a promising green technology with feature of tunable transparency under external stimuli to manage light transmission and solar energy. However, more functions based on the intelligent management of the solar spectrum need to be integrated into present smart windows. In this work, a dual-function smart window is fabricated by pairing the luminescent switch with the electrochromic window. The dual function is based on a single fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass functionalized with tungsten oxide and copper nanocluster, among which tungsten oxide serves as an electrochromic material and copper nanocluster provides photoinduced luminescence. Along with the regulation of the visible light based on the electrochromism of the window, the luminescence can be finely switched on and off, which establishes a pair of reversible states ("on" and "off") for the dual-function smart window. The contrast between two states reaches 88%. Furthermore, the manipul...
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), Jan 19, 2018
Vanadium dioxide/titanium nitride (VO/TiN) smart coatings are prepared by hybridizing thermochrom... more Vanadium dioxide/titanium nitride (VO/TiN) smart coatings are prepared by hybridizing thermochromic VOwith plasmonic TiN nanoparticles. The VO/TiN coatings can control infrared (IR) radiation dynamically in accordance with the ambient temperature and illumination intensity. It blocks IR light under strong illumination at 28 °C but is IR transparent under weak irradiation conditions or at a low temperature of 20 °C. The VO/TiN coatings exhibit a good integral visible transmittance of up to 51% and excellent IR switching efficiency of 48% at 2000 nm. These unique advantages make VO/TiN promising as smart energy-saving windows.
A sperm-driven micromotor is presented as a targeted drug delivery system, which is appealing to ... more A sperm-driven micromotor is presented as a targeted drug delivery system, which is appealing to potentially treat diseases in the female reproductive tract. This system is demonstrated to be an efficient drug delivery vehicle by first loading a motile sperm cell with an anticancer drug (doxorubicin hydrochloride), guiding it magnetically, to an in vitro cultured tumor spheroid, and finally freeing the sperm cell to deliver the drug locally. The sperm release mechanism is designed to liberate the sperm when the biohybrid micromotor hits the tumor walls, allowing it to swim into the tumor and deliver the drug through the sperm-cancer cell membrane fusion. In our experiments, the sperm cells exhibited a high drug encapsulation capability and drug carrying stability, conveniently minimizing toxic side effects and unwanted drug accumulation in healthy tissues. Overall, sperm cells are excellent candidates to operate in physiological environments, as they neither express pathogenic prot...
The chemisorption of magnetically bistable transition metal complexes on planar surfaces has rece... more The chemisorption of magnetically bistable transition metal complexes on planar surfaces has recently attracted increased scientific interest due to its potential application in various fields, including molecular spintronics. In this work, the synthesis of mixed-ligand complexes of the type [NiII 2L(L’)](ClO4), where L represents a 24-membered macrocyclic hexaazadithiophenolate ligand and L’ is a ω-mercapto-carboxylato ligand (L’ = HS(CH2)5CO2 − (6), HS(CH2)10CO2 − (7), or HS(C6H4)2CO2 − (8)), and their ability to adsorb on gold surfaces is reported. Besides elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography (for 6 and 7), the compounds were also studied by temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements (for 7 and 8) and (broken symmetry) density functional theory (DFT) calculations. An S = 2 ground state is demonstrated by temperature-dependent susceptibility and magnetization measureme...
The development of scalable sources of non-classical light is fundamental to unlocking the techno... more The development of scalable sources of non-classical light is fundamental to unlocking the technological potential of quantum photonics. Semiconductor quantum dots are emerging as near-optimal sources of indistinguishable single photons. However, their performance as sources of entangled-photon pairs are still modest compared to parametric down converters. Photons emitted from conventional Stranski-Krastanov InGaAs quantum dots have shown non-optimal levels of entanglement and indistinguishability. For quantum networks, both criteria must be met simultaneously. Here, we show that this is possible with a system that has received limited attention so far: GaAs quantum dots. They can emit triggered polarization-entangled photons with high purity (g((2))(0) = 0.002±0.002), high indistinguishability (0.93±0.07 for 2 ns pulse separation) and high entanglement fidelity (0.94±0.01). Our results show that GaAs might be the material of choice for quantum-dot entanglement sources in future qua...
Quantum photonics holds great promise for future technologies such as secure communication, quant... more Quantum photonics holds great promise for future technologies such as secure communication, quantum computation, quantum simulation, and quantum metrology. An outstanding challenge for quantum photonics is to develop scalable miniature circuits that integrate single-photon sources, linear optical components, and detectors on a chip. Plasmonic nanocircuits will play essential roles in such developments. However, for quantum plasmonic circuits, integration of stable, bright, and narrow-band single photon sources in the structure has so far not been reported. Here we present a plasmonic nanocircuit driven by a self-assembled GaAs quantum dot. Through a planar dielectric-plasmonic hybrid waveguide, the quantum dot efficiently excites narrow-band single plasmons that are guided in a two-wire transmission line until they are converted into single photons by an optical antenna. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of fully on-chip plasmonic nanocircuits for quantum optical applications.
Subsequent treatment of H2TPP(CO2H)4 (tetra(p-carboxylic acid phenyl)porphyrin, 1) with an excess... more Subsequent treatment of H2TPP(CO2H)4 (tetra(p-carboxylic acid phenyl)porphyrin, 1) with an excess of oxalyl chloride and HNR2 afforded H2TPP(C(O)NR2)4 (R = Me, 2; iPr, 3) with yields exceeding 80%. The porphyrins 2 and 3 could be converted to the corresponding metalloporphyrins MTPP(C(O)NR2)4 (R = Me/iPr for M = Zn (2a, 3a); Cu (2b, 3b); Ni (2c, 3c); Co (2d, 3d)) by the addition of 3 equiv of anhydrous MCl2 (M = Zn, Cu, Ni, Co) to dimethylformamide solutions of 2 and 3 at elevated temperatures. Metalloporphyrins 2a-d and 3a-d were obtained in yields exceeding 60% and have been, as well as 2 and 3, characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) and IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. Porphyrins 2, 2a-d and 3, 3a-d are not suitable for organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD), which is attributed to their comparatively low thermal stability as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) of selected representatives.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), Jan 10, 2017
A novel realization of microtubular direct methanol fuel cells (µDMFC) with ultrahigh power outpu... more A novel realization of microtubular direct methanol fuel cells (µDMFC) with ultrahigh power output is reported by using "rolled-up" nanotechnology. The microtube (Pt-RuO2 -RUMT) is prepared by rolling up Ru2 O layers coated with magnetron-sputtered Pt nanoparticles (cat-NPs). The µDMFC is fabricated by embedding the tube in a fluidic cell. The footprint of per tube is as small as 1.5 × 10(-4) cm(2) . A power density of ≈257 mW cm(-2) is obtained, which is three orders of magnitude higher than the present microsized DFMCs. Atomic layer deposition technique is applied to alleviate the methanol crossover as well as improve stability of the tube, sustaining electrolyte flow for days. A laminar flow driven mechanism is proposed, and the kinetics of the fuel oxidation depends on a linear-diffusion-controlled process. The electrocatalytic performance on anode and cathode is studied by scanning both sides of the tube wall as an ex situ working electrode, respectively. This prototy...
Silicon, although widely used in modern electronic devices, has not yet been implemented in therm... more Silicon, although widely used in modern electronic devices, has not yet been implemented in thermoelectric applications mainly due to its high thermal conductivity, κ, which leads to an extremely low thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency (figure of merit). Here, we present an approach to manage κ of Si thin-film-based nanoarchitectures through the formation of radial and planar Si/SiOx hybrid nanomembrane superlattices (HNMSLs). For the radial Si/SiOx HNMSLs with various numbers of windings (1, 2, and 5 windings), we observe a continuous reduction in κ with increasing number of windings. Meanwhile, the planar Si/SiOx HNMSL, which is fabricated by mechanically compressing a five-windings rolled-up microtube, shows the smallest in-plane thermal conductivity among all the reported values for Si-based superlattices. A theoretical model proposed within the framework of the Born-von Karman lattice dynamics to quantitatively interpret the experimental data indicates that the thermal ...
We explore a method to achieve electrical control over the energy of on-demand entangled-photon e... more We explore a method to achieve electrical control over the energy of on-demand entangled-photon emission from self-assembled quantum dots (QDs). The device used in our work consists of an electrically tunable diode-like membrane integrated onto a piezoactuator, which is capable of exerting a uniaxial stress on QDs. We theoretically reveal that, through application of the quantum-confined Stark effect to QDs by a vertical electric field, the critical uniaxial stress used to eliminate the fine structure splitting of QDs can be linearly tuned. This feature allows experimental realization of a triggered source of energy-tunable entangled-photon emission. Our demonstration represents an important step toward realization of a solid-state quantum repeater using indistinguishable entangled photons in Bell state measurements.
Elastic strain fields based on single crystal piezoelectric elements represent an effective way f... more Elastic strain fields based on single crystal piezoelectric elements represent an effective way for engineering the quantum dot (QD) emission with unrivaled precision and technological relevance. However, pioneering researches in this direction were mainly based on bulk piezoelectric substrates, which prevent the development of chip-scale devices. Here, we present a monolithically integrated Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device with great potential for on-chip quantum photonic applications. High-quality epitaxial PMN-PT thin films have been grown on SrTiO3 buffered Si and show excellent piezoelectric responses. Dense arrays of MEMS with small footprints are then fabricated based on these films, forming an on-chip strain tuning platform. After transferring the QD-containing nanomembranes onto these MEMS, the nonclassical emissions (e.g., single photons) from single QDs can be engineered by the strain fields. We envision that the strain tunable QD sources on the individually a...
Wetlands are important sources of globally-emitted methane. Plants mediate much of that emission ... more Wetlands are important sources of globally-emitted methane. Plants mediate much of that emission by releasing root-derived organic carbon, including formate, a direct precursor of methane. Thus, the objective of this study was to resolve formate-driven processes potentially linked to methanogenesis in the fen root-zone. Although formate was anticipated to directly trigger methanogenesis, the rapid anaerobic consumption of formate by Carex roots unexpectedly yielded H2 and CO2 via enzymes such as formate-H2 -lyase (FHL), and likewise appeared to enhance the utilization of organic carbon. Collectively, 57 [FeFe]- and [NiFe]-hydrogenase-containing family-level phylotypes potentially linked to FHL activity were detected. Under anoxic conditions, root-derived fermentative Citrobacter and Hafnia isolates produced H2 from formate via FHL. Formate-derived H2 fueled methanogenesis and acetogenesis, and methanogenic (Methanoregula, Methanobacterium, Methanocella) and acetogenic (Acetonema, Cl...
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), Jan 22, 2016
Remote-controlled release of single sperm cells is demonstrated by the use of polymeric microtube... more Remote-controlled release of single sperm cells is demonstrated by the use of polymeric microtubes that unfold upon temperature increase to 38 °C. Thermoresponsive, ferromagnetic multilayers are tailored to catch sperm cells and remotely control them by external magnetic fields. These polymeric spermbots are propelled by the sperm flagella. When the temperature is increased, the tubes unfold and the cell is set free.
This article explains what inflation is and how it is calculated. The reader learns about the two... more This article explains what inflation is and how it is calculated. The reader learns about the two causes of inflation: Government debt and scarcity of goods and services. Policy responses to inflation must be designed based on correctly identifying the root cause.
This investigation shows that the properties of the two-dimensional flow around a high-lift multi... more This investigation shows that the properties of the two-dimensional flow around a high-lift multi-element airfoil obtained by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations can be used for the prediction of attachment-line transition (ALT) by the criterion of Pfenninger. Flow calculations are performed for three spanwise sections of a three-dimensional swept and tapered high-lift wing for which the occurrence of ALT is
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Papers by Oliver Schmidt