To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number a... more To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number and distribution of nerve fibers within the corpus cavernosum and dorsal nerve containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS); and 2) the erectile response to apomorphine (a central dopamine receptor agonist), electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve, and intracorporeal papaverine injection.The number of NOS-containing nerve fibers was significantly less in the old rats (24 months) than in the young (2.5 months) and intermediate (8.5 months)-aged (63.3 +/- 3.35 vs. 135.1 +/- 10.88 [p <or= to 0.0002] and 127.8 +/- 11.65 [p <or= to 0.0002]). The number of erections induced by apomorphine was significantly less in the old rats than in the young (1.0 +/- 3.1 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.26; p <0.002). With electrostimulation, the latency period before the onset of the intracavernous pressure rise was noted to increase with age (2.3 +/- 0.24 sec. for the young vs. 6.77 +/- 0.98 sec. for the old, p <or= to 0.0001). The maximal intracavernous pressure after intracavernous papaverine injection decreased with age.The erectile mechanism appears to remain intact as rats age, but the response to central and peripheral stimulation decreases. The reduction in NOS-containing nerve fibers might account for these observations.
To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number a... more To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number and distribution of nerve fibers within the corpus cavernosum and dorsal nerve containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS); and 2) the erectile response to apomorphine (a central dopamine receptor agonist), electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve, and intracorporeal papaverine injection.The number of NOS-containing nerve fibers was significantly less in the old rats (24 months) than in the young (2.5 months) and intermediate (8.5 months)-aged (63.3 +/- 3.35 vs. 135.1 +/- 10.88 [p <or= to 0.0002] and 127.8 +/- 11.65 [p <or= to 0.0002]). The number of erections induced by apomorphine was significantly less in the old rats than in the young (1.0 +/- 3.1 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.26; p <0.002). With electrostimulation, the latency period before the onset of the intracavernous pressure rise was noted to increase with age (2.3 +/- 0.24 sec. for the young vs. 6.77 +/- 0.98 sec. for the old, p <or= to 0.0001). The maximal intracavernous pressure after intracavernous papaverine injection decreased with age.The erectile mechanism appears to remain intact as rats age, but the response to central and peripheral stimulation decreases. The reduction in NOS-containing nerve fibers might account for these observations.
the physical phenomena. By this method, the students enhance their problem-solving abilities with... more the physical phenomena. By this method, the students enhance their problem-solving abilities with minimal programming skills. By using examples, the paper presents an approach to computer-aided problem-solving methods for junior-level courses. The methods described in the paper have proven to be of value to students studying electric machines and power engineering at Arizona State University. Abstract: This paper describes modeling and simulation software developed specifically for teaching protective relaying application and design concepts. The emphasis was on implementing user-friendly and open-system solutions that will allow an easy use and straight-forward future expansion. This is achieved by introducing new libraries of signal sources and relay elements developed for the Simulink environment of MATLAB. Combined with the Power Block Set (PBS) toolbox of MATLAB, the mentioned libraries allow for a variety of studies aimed at a better understanding of protective relay design approaches and related applications.
To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number a... more To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number and distribution of nerve fibers within the corpus cavernosum and dorsal nerve containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS); and 2) the erectile response to apomorphine (a central dopamine receptor agonist), electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve, and intracorporeal papaverine injection.The number of NOS-containing nerve fibers was significantly less in the old rats (24 months) than in the young (2.5 months) and intermediate (8.5 months)-aged (63.3 +/- 3.35 vs. 135.1 +/- 10.88 [p <or= to 0.0002] and 127.8 +/- 11.65 [p <or= to 0.0002]). The number of erections induced by apomorphine was significantly less in the old rats than in the young (1.0 +/- 3.1 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.26; p <0.002). With electrostimulation, the latency period before the onset of the intracavernous pressure rise was noted to increase with age (2.3 +/- 0.24 sec. for the young vs. 6.77 +/- 0.98 sec. for the old, p <or= to 0.0001). The maximal intracavernous pressure after intracavernous papaverine injection decreased with age.The erectile mechanism appears to remain intact as rats age, but the response to central and peripheral stimulation decreases. The reduction in NOS-containing nerve fibers might account for these observations.
To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number a... more To study the effect of aging on erectile function in a rat model.We investigated: 1) the number and distribution of nerve fibers within the corpus cavernosum and dorsal nerve containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS); and 2) the erectile response to apomorphine (a central dopamine receptor agonist), electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve, and intracorporeal papaverine injection.The number of NOS-containing nerve fibers was significantly less in the old rats (24 months) than in the young (2.5 months) and intermediate (8.5 months)-aged (63.3 +/- 3.35 vs. 135.1 +/- 10.88 [p <or= to 0.0002] and 127.8 +/- 11.65 [p <or= to 0.0002]). The number of erections induced by apomorphine was significantly less in the old rats than in the young (1.0 +/- 3.1 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.26; p <0.002). With electrostimulation, the latency period before the onset of the intracavernous pressure rise was noted to increase with age (2.3 +/- 0.24 sec. for the young vs. 6.77 +/- 0.98 sec. for the old, p <or= to 0.0001). The maximal intracavernous pressure after intracavernous papaverine injection decreased with age.The erectile mechanism appears to remain intact as rats age, but the response to central and peripheral stimulation decreases. The reduction in NOS-containing nerve fibers might account for these observations.
the physical phenomena. By this method, the students enhance their problem-solving abilities with... more the physical phenomena. By this method, the students enhance their problem-solving abilities with minimal programming skills. By using examples, the paper presents an approach to computer-aided problem-solving methods for junior-level courses. The methods described in the paper have proven to be of value to students studying electric machines and power engineering at Arizona State University. Abstract: This paper describes modeling and simulation software developed specifically for teaching protective relaying application and design concepts. The emphasis was on implementing user-friendly and open-system solutions that will allow an easy use and straight-forward future expansion. This is achieved by introducing new libraries of signal sources and relay elements developed for the Simulink environment of MATLAB. Combined with the Power Block Set (PBS) toolbox of MATLAB, the mentioned libraries allow for a variety of studies aimed at a better understanding of protective relay design approaches and related applications.
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Papers by P Nagaraju