It has become a common issue that the Global Fund (GF) as one of the largest international donors... more It has become a common issue that the Global Fund (GF) as one of the largest international donors to AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Program will immediately stop the funding. Data shows that in 2009 GF ATM support reached 88,8% while APBN funding just cover 11,2% of the total budget needed. However, APBN budget for ATM programs was significantly increased in 2012 which covered almost 30% of the total budget. Eventhough the increasing trend of ATM budget seemed at the central government level, however the local governments will hold the key to the sustainability of the post- termination GF ATM FundingObjectivesThis study aimed to get a picture of the local government’s commitment as an implementing institution to respond the financing needs specifically for TB programs.MethodsThis economic evaluation compared the amount of the existing budget of local governments and the amount needed based on the Minimum Standards of Services (MSS) of TB Programs. We sampled two district in west...
The family environment has an important role in determining children’s personality and behavior. ... more The family environment has an important role in determining children’s personality and behavior. This study examined the impact of the family environment on alcohol and drug misuse among Indonesian students. Data were obtained from the National Illicit Drug Use Survey of students in Indonesia in 2016, conducted in 18 provinces. The subjects were 35,340 students from 1284 schools and universities with an age range of 12-25 years. The survey used the self-administered modified NODC Structured Illicit Drug questionnaire. The results show that 13.7% of students ever drank alcohol and 2.1% of students misused drugs within the previous year. Among students who drank alcohol, 11% also used drugs. In the latter group, they were likely to have been victims of verbal and physical violence by their parents and never discussed any problems with their parents. Living with a family with existing risky behavior (alcohol drinking and/or drug misuse) was the strongest risk factor of alcohol drinking...
Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Prog... more Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Program HIV AIDS di Indonesia diharapkan menggunakan sumber pendanaan dalam negeri. Skema Jaminan Kesehatan Semesta atau Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang dimulai tahun 2014 menanggung pengobatan termasuk infeksi oportunistik. Pertanyaan penelitian apakah paket manfaatnya dapat mencakup intervensi kesehatan masyarakat seperti HIV tanpa menghambat penyediaan pelayanan? Implementasi untuk Program HIV yang selama ini disubsidi Pemerintah memerlukan kehati-hatian. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis skenario terkait biaya dan utilisasi pada pelayanan HIV guna mendukung kebijakan yang potensial untuk mengintegrasikan intervensi HIV ke dalam paket manfaat JKN. Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis paket manfaat dan mekanisme pembiayaan terkait pelayanan HIV, keanggotaan JKN, target populasi kunci, serta estimasi premi untuk pelayanan HIV hingga tahun 2019. Studi observasional ini menghasilkan...
Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessib... more Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessibility to skilled attendants particularly for poor mothers in order to reduce maternal mortality. Midwives are assigned to cover either only one or more than one villages. They may or may not reside in their assigned villages. They serve both as public and private provider of not only for maternal health care, but for also other non-maternal health services like family planning and child health care. The cost and efficiency of midwifery care at the villages, under such circumstances, would differ due to different types of assignment, type of residence, and remoteness of the villages. The midwives and the community contribute resources and inputs to share the total costs of the midwifery services. Cost analysis of the programme will provide essential insight for efficiency analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis of skilled attendance at the community level under different configuration. O...
Introduction: Over the past four decades, the Indonesian health care system has greatly expanded ... more Introduction: Over the past four decades, the Indonesian health care system has greatly expanded and the health of Indonesian people has improved although the rich-poor gap in health status and service access remains an issue. The government has been trying to address these gaps and intensify efforts to improve the health of the poor following the economic crisis in 1998. Methods: This paper examines trends and levels in socio-economic inequity of health and identifies critical factors
Background Although efforts to reduce high maternal mortality in countries such as Indonesia tend... more Background Although efforts to reduce high maternal mortality in countries such as Indonesia tend to focus on addressing health risks among pregnant women, family planning has been shown globally to reduce maternal mortality by reducing both total and higher-risk pregnancies. This article assesses past contributions of family planning to the reduction of maternal mortality in Indonesia and the potential future contribution toward achieving the 2030 SDG maternal mortality goal. Methods The study takes advantage of data from long series of population censuses and large-scale surveys that are available in few other low- and middle-income countries. We use the decomposition method suggested by (Matern Child Health J, 16:456–463, 2012) and regression-based policy simulations to estimate the number of maternal deaths averted during 1970–2017 due to contraceptive use and project potential future contributions to the year 2030. Results It is estimated that between 523,885 and 663,146 matern...
Family environment has an important role in determining the personality and behavior of a child. ... more Family environment has an important role in determining the personality and behavior of a child. This study examined the impact of family environment on alcohol and drug misuse among Indonesian students. Data were obtained from National Illicit Drug Use surveys of students in Indonesia 2016, conducted in 18 provinces. Subjects were 1,284 schools and 35,340 students. The surveys used the self-administrated Modified-UNODC Structured Illicit Drug questionnaire. Results show 13.7 % students ever drink alcohol, and drug misuse were accounted for 2.1% students within the past year. Among students who drink alcohol, 11% also drug users. In the latter group, they were likely to receive verbal and physical violence from their parents and never discuss any problems with their parents. Individual living in a family with existing risky behavior (alcohol drinking and/or drug misuse) is the strongest risk factor of alcohol drinking (aOR: 4.78; 4.27-5.37) and drug misuse (aOR: 2.32; 1.79-3.01). Th...
Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Prog... more Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Program HIV AIDS di Indonesia diharapkan menggunakan sumber pendanaan dalam negeri. Skema Jaminan Kesehatan Semesta atau Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang dimulai tahun 2014 menanggung pengobatan termasuk infeksi oportunistik. Pertanyaan penelitian apakah paket manfaatnya dapat mencakup intervensi kesehatan masyarakat seperti HIV tanpa menghambat penyediaan pelayanan? Implementasi untuk Program HIV yang selama ini disubsidi Pemerintah memerlukan kehati-hatian. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis skenario terkait biaya dan utilisasi pada pelayanan HIV guna mendukung kebijakan yang potensial untuk mengintegrasikan intervensi HIV ke dalam paket manfaat JKN. Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis paket manfaat dan mekanisme pembiayaan terkait pelayanan HIV, keanggotaan JKN, target populasi kunci, serta estimasi premi untuk pelayanan HIV hingga tahun 2019. Studi observasional ini menghasilkan...
Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessib... more Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessibility to skilled attendants particularly for poor mothers in order to reduce maternal mortality. Midwives are assigned to cover either only one or more than one villages. They may or may not reside in their assigned villages. They serve both as public and private provider of not only for maternal health care, but for also other non-maternal health services like family planning and child health care. The cost and efficiency of midwifery care at the villages, under such circumstances, would differ due to different types of assignment, type of residence, and remoteness of the villages. The midwives and the community contribute resources and inputs to share the total costs of the midwifery services. Cost analysis of the programme will provide essential insight for efficiency analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis of skilled attendance at the community level under different configuration. O...
It has become a common issue that the Global Fund (GF) as one of the largest international donors... more It has become a common issue that the Global Fund (GF) as one of the largest international donors to AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Program will immediately stop the funding. Data shows that in 2009 GF ATM support reached 88,8% while APBN funding just cover 11,2% of the total budget needed. However, APBN budget for ATM programs was significantly increased in 2012 which covered almost 30% of the total budget. Eventhough the increasing trend of ATM budget seemed at the central government level, however the local governments will hold the key to the sustainability of the post- termination GF ATM FundingObjectivesThis study aimed to get a picture of the local government’s commitment as an implementing institution to respond the financing needs specifically for TB programs.MethodsThis economic evaluation compared the amount of the existing budget of local governments and the amount needed based on the Minimum Standards of Services (MSS) of TB Programs. We sampled two district in west...
The family environment has an important role in determining children’s personality and behavior. ... more The family environment has an important role in determining children’s personality and behavior. This study examined the impact of the family environment on alcohol and drug misuse among Indonesian students. Data were obtained from the National Illicit Drug Use Survey of students in Indonesia in 2016, conducted in 18 provinces. The subjects were 35,340 students from 1284 schools and universities with an age range of 12-25 years. The survey used the self-administered modified NODC Structured Illicit Drug questionnaire. The results show that 13.7% of students ever drank alcohol and 2.1% of students misused drugs within the previous year. Among students who drank alcohol, 11% also used drugs. In the latter group, they were likely to have been victims of verbal and physical violence by their parents and never discussed any problems with their parents. Living with a family with existing risky behavior (alcohol drinking and/or drug misuse) was the strongest risk factor of alcohol drinking...
Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Prog... more Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Program HIV AIDS di Indonesia diharapkan menggunakan sumber pendanaan dalam negeri. Skema Jaminan Kesehatan Semesta atau Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang dimulai tahun 2014 menanggung pengobatan termasuk infeksi oportunistik. Pertanyaan penelitian apakah paket manfaatnya dapat mencakup intervensi kesehatan masyarakat seperti HIV tanpa menghambat penyediaan pelayanan? Implementasi untuk Program HIV yang selama ini disubsidi Pemerintah memerlukan kehati-hatian. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis skenario terkait biaya dan utilisasi pada pelayanan HIV guna mendukung kebijakan yang potensial untuk mengintegrasikan intervensi HIV ke dalam paket manfaat JKN. Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis paket manfaat dan mekanisme pembiayaan terkait pelayanan HIV, keanggotaan JKN, target populasi kunci, serta estimasi premi untuk pelayanan HIV hingga tahun 2019. Studi observasional ini menghasilkan...
Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessib... more Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessibility to skilled attendants particularly for poor mothers in order to reduce maternal mortality. Midwives are assigned to cover either only one or more than one villages. They may or may not reside in their assigned villages. They serve both as public and private provider of not only for maternal health care, but for also other non-maternal health services like family planning and child health care. The cost and efficiency of midwifery care at the villages, under such circumstances, would differ due to different types of assignment, type of residence, and remoteness of the villages. The midwives and the community contribute resources and inputs to share the total costs of the midwifery services. Cost analysis of the programme will provide essential insight for efficiency analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis of skilled attendance at the community level under different configuration. O...
Introduction: Over the past four decades, the Indonesian health care system has greatly expanded ... more Introduction: Over the past four decades, the Indonesian health care system has greatly expanded and the health of Indonesian people has improved although the rich-poor gap in health status and service access remains an issue. The government has been trying to address these gaps and intensify efforts to improve the health of the poor following the economic crisis in 1998. Methods: This paper examines trends and levels in socio-economic inequity of health and identifies critical factors
Background Although efforts to reduce high maternal mortality in countries such as Indonesia tend... more Background Although efforts to reduce high maternal mortality in countries such as Indonesia tend to focus on addressing health risks among pregnant women, family planning has been shown globally to reduce maternal mortality by reducing both total and higher-risk pregnancies. This article assesses past contributions of family planning to the reduction of maternal mortality in Indonesia and the potential future contribution toward achieving the 2030 SDG maternal mortality goal. Methods The study takes advantage of data from long series of population censuses and large-scale surveys that are available in few other low- and middle-income countries. We use the decomposition method suggested by (Matern Child Health J, 16:456–463, 2012) and regression-based policy simulations to estimate the number of maternal deaths averted during 1970–2017 due to contraceptive use and project potential future contributions to the year 2030. Results It is estimated that between 523,885 and 663,146 matern...
Family environment has an important role in determining the personality and behavior of a child. ... more Family environment has an important role in determining the personality and behavior of a child. This study examined the impact of family environment on alcohol and drug misuse among Indonesian students. Data were obtained from National Illicit Drug Use surveys of students in Indonesia 2016, conducted in 18 provinces. Subjects were 1,284 schools and 35,340 students. The surveys used the self-administrated Modified-UNODC Structured Illicit Drug questionnaire. Results show 13.7 % students ever drink alcohol, and drug misuse were accounted for 2.1% students within the past year. Among students who drink alcohol, 11% also drug users. In the latter group, they were likely to receive verbal and physical violence from their parents and never discuss any problems with their parents. Individual living in a family with existing risky behavior (alcohol drinking and/or drug misuse) is the strongest risk factor of alcohol drinking (aOR: 4.78; 4.27-5.37) and drug misuse (aOR: 2.32; 1.79-3.01). Th...
Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Prog... more Latar belakang: Setelah sekian tahun bergantung pada sumber pendaaan luar negeri, pembiayaan Program HIV AIDS di Indonesia diharapkan menggunakan sumber pendanaan dalam negeri. Skema Jaminan Kesehatan Semesta atau Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang dimulai tahun 2014 menanggung pengobatan termasuk infeksi oportunistik. Pertanyaan penelitian apakah paket manfaatnya dapat mencakup intervensi kesehatan masyarakat seperti HIV tanpa menghambat penyediaan pelayanan? Implementasi untuk Program HIV yang selama ini disubsidi Pemerintah memerlukan kehati-hatian. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis skenario terkait biaya dan utilisasi pada pelayanan HIV guna mendukung kebijakan yang potensial untuk mengintegrasikan intervensi HIV ke dalam paket manfaat JKN. Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis paket manfaat dan mekanisme pembiayaan terkait pelayanan HIV, keanggotaan JKN, target populasi kunci, serta estimasi premi untuk pelayanan HIV hingga tahun 2019. Studi observasional ini menghasilkan...
Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessib... more Rational: Government of Indonesia posted trained midwives in all villages to improve the accessibility to skilled attendants particularly for poor mothers in order to reduce maternal mortality. Midwives are assigned to cover either only one or more than one villages. They may or may not reside in their assigned villages. They serve both as public and private provider of not only for maternal health care, but for also other non-maternal health services like family planning and child health care. The cost and efficiency of midwifery care at the villages, under such circumstances, would differ due to different types of assignment, type of residence, and remoteness of the villages. The midwives and the community contribute resources and inputs to share the total costs of the midwifery services. Cost analysis of the programme will provide essential insight for efficiency analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis of skilled attendance at the community level under different configuration. O...
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