Since hemorrhagic manifestations constitute one of the most constant clinical features of yellow ... more Since hemorrhagic manifestations constitute one of the most constant clinical features of yellow fever, we set out to study this diathesis in an attempt to analyze the vascular and physicochemical factors that might explain its causes. Tourniquet tests in 30 patients were negative, hence we decided no capillary fragility existed. Contrary to some statements in the literature, we found that coagulation and bleeding times were considerably increased in some cases, while in others they fell within normal limits. Furthermore we noted at times that both were prolonged, while at other times only the coagulation time was prolonged and the bleeding time was normal. In spite of prolonged bleeding time the platelet counts were maintained between 100,000 and 200,000 in 9 cases so studied.
This dataset contains the underlying data for the study: Evers JB, Vos J, Yin X, Romero P, van de... more This dataset contains the underlying data for the study: Evers JB, Vos J, Yin X, Romero P, van der Putten PEL, Struik PC. 2010. Simulation of wheat growth and development based on organ-level photosynthesis and assimilate allocation. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61: 2203-2216 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq025 Intimate relationships exist between form and function of plants, determining many processes governing their growth and development. However, in most crop simulation models that have been created to simulate plant growth and, for example, predict biomass production, plant structure has been neglected. In this study, a detailed simulation model of growth and development of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) is presented, which integrates degree of tillering and canopy architecture with organ-level light interception, photosynthesis, and dry-matter partitioning. An existing spatially explicit 3D architectural model of wheat development was extended with routines for organ-level microclimate, photosynthesis, assimilate distribution within the plant structure according to organ demands, and organ growth and development. Outgrowth of tiller buds was made dependent on the ratio between assimilate supply and demand of the plants. Organ-level photosynthesis, biomass production, and bud outgrowth were simulated satisfactorily. However, to improve crop simulation results more efforts are needed mechanistically to model other major plant physiological processes such as nitrogen uptake and distribution, tiller death, and leaf senescence. Nevertheless, the work presented here is a significant step forwards towards a mechanistic functional–structural plant model, which integrates plant architecture with key plant processes.
The present study aims to analyze the physiological and agronomical response to drought among sev... more The present study aims to analyze the physiological and agronomical response to drought among seven local and traditional field-grown Monastrell clones (4, 94, 188, 360, 276, 372, and 373) over four seasons (2018–2021) under optimum irrigation conditions (control) and water stress (stress). We have focussed on measuring Monastrell interclonal variability in plant water relations and leaf gas exchange, vegetative growth, leaf mineral nutrition, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and grape and wine quality. A classification of the different clones according to drought-tolerance degree and agronomical/oenological performance was established. The classification revealed that (a) The most drought-tolerant clone (i.e., clone 4) was neither the most productive (8600 kg ha−1), the most efficient in terms of water use (average of 25 kg m−3), nor the one that presented a better grape quality; (b) The most productive and efficient clone (i.e., clone 94) (11,566 kg ha−1, average of 30 kg m−3) w...
The effects of climatic factors on yield, berry, and wine quality for long-term (7 years) deficit... more The effects of climatic factors on yield, berry, and wine quality for long-term (7 years) deficit irrigated (DI) Monastrell wine grapes under the semiarid conditions of SE Spain were analyzed. The relationships between climatic variables and the yield, berry (QIoverallberry), and wine quality (QIwine) novel indices confirmed that the most important climatic factors were rainfall, temperature, and radiation. Climate was more influential in determining yield, berry, and wine composition in some important physiological periods, such as early season (budburst-fruit set) and ripening (veraison-harvest). Greater rainfall during dormancy and early season was related with greater yield, QIoverallberry, and QIwine; in contrast, rainfall late in the season, during the veraison-harvest period, was related negatively with berry and wine quality. Similarly, solar radiation impacted positively during dormancy and early season and negatively during late season. In addition, greater Tamax during the dormancy, early season (budburst-fruit set) and veraison-harvest periods influenced negatively the QIoverallberry and QIwine, while greater Tamax during other periods, such as fruit set-veraison were - in general - positive for berry and wine quality. Besides greater Tamin (high nighttime temperatures) also exerted a negative influence, reducing QIphenolicberry, although had positive effects in yield, QItechnologicalberry and QIwine. In general, climate had more influence on berry quality than on wine quality.
ABSTRACT Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton (Fabaceae) is a biennial–perennial species, whi... more ABSTRACT Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton (Fabaceae) is a biennial–perennial species, which grows throughout the Mediterranean basin and Macaronesia. It is cultivated to provide livestock fodder and shows promise as a source of furanocoumarins. This is the first report on its physiological and growth responses to water deprivation. We assessed these in a pot assay, in the field and in hydroponic culture, using two populations from southern Spain and two from the Canary Islands. Proline accumulation was much lower in the field than for pot-grown plants, supporting recent indications that it is phytotoxic under combined drought and heat stress. In hydroponic culture, imposition of water stress by poly(ethylene glycol) increased the root/shoot ratio and decreased the root hydraulic conductivity. Overall, the results show B. bituminosa to be a species with high constitutive resistance to soil water deficit. For example, leaf turgor did not diminish, demonstrating its capacity for osmotic adjustment, and the specific leaf area in field conditions was similar to that of other species adapted to seasonal drought. Notwithstanding, the two Canarian populations (which complete their life cycles under very different conditions) maintained better their relative water content and water potential to avoid internal stress. Famara (Lanzarote, Canary Islands) is the most appropriate as a breeding line, which can maintain its shoot biomass under drought.
Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage... more Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage crop due to its high nutritional value and biomass production with a smaller water demand with respect to alfalfa. In water-limited environments such as southern Spain, different strategies allow the survival of several varieties of tedera. The aim of this work was to determi ne how four Spanish populations, from differing climatic conditions, respond when faced with drought. A summer field assay was carried out in La Alberca (Murcia, Southern Spain), comparing a wa tered with a non-watered treatment. Tolerance was expressed as inhibition of shoot growth relative to watered plants. Among the plant physiological parameters that were determined, we observed significant differences between the populations with respect to leaf water potential, osmotic potential, pressure potential, relative water content, specific leaf area, starch, P and K. Under drought, population Albomarginata (Lanzarote) maintained better its growth and its water relations. Population Beal (Murcia) was the most drought-sensitive in terms of growth, perhaps due to its inability to maintain leaf water potential. The behavior of the other two varieties was intermediate.
Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage... more Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage crop due to its high nutritional value and biomass production with a smaller water demand with respect to alfalfa. In water-limited environments such as southern Spain, different strategies allow the survival of several varieties of tedera. The aim of this work was to determi ne how four Spanish populations, from differing climatic conditions, respond when faced with drought. A summer field assay was carried out in La Alberca (Murcia, Southern Spain), comparing a wa tered with a non-watered treatment. Tolerance was expressed as inhibition of shoot growth relative to watered plants. Among the plant physiological parameters that were determined, we observed significant differences between the populations with respect to leaf water potential, osmotic potential, pressure potential, relative water content, specific leaf area, starch, P and K. Under drought, population Albomarginata (Lanzarot...
Monastrell grapevines grafted on the rootstocks 140Ru, 1103P, 41B, 110R, and 161-49C were subject... more Monastrell grapevines grafted on the rootstocks 140Ru, 1103P, 41B, 110R, and 161-49C were subjected to regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root-zone irrigation (PRI). We analyzed the effects of the rootstock and irrigation method on the phenolic concentration in different berry tissues, its dilution/concentration due to the berry size, the anatomical and morphological traits of berries related to the phenolic compounds concentration, and the relationships of all these parameters with the final berry and wine phenolic content. The rootstock had an important effect on the accumulation of total phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in the skin (berries from 110R and 140Ru had the highest values). Moreover, the rootstock modified some anatomical and morphological characteristics that had a direct relationship with the final phenolic compounds concentration in the must. Large grapes and high must percentages (110R and 140Ru) produced a dilution effect, whereas small berries and ...
Since hemorrhagic manifestations constitute one of the most constant clinical features of yellow ... more Since hemorrhagic manifestations constitute one of the most constant clinical features of yellow fever, we set out to study this diathesis in an attempt to analyze the vascular and physicochemical factors that might explain its causes. Tourniquet tests in 30 patients were negative, hence we decided no capillary fragility existed. Contrary to some statements in the literature, we found that coagulation and bleeding times were considerably increased in some cases, while in others they fell within normal limits. Furthermore we noted at times that both were prolonged, while at other times only the coagulation time was prolonged and the bleeding time was normal. In spite of prolonged bleeding time the platelet counts were maintained between 100,000 and 200,000 in 9 cases so studied.
This dataset contains the underlying data for the study: Evers JB, Vos J, Yin X, Romero P, van de... more This dataset contains the underlying data for the study: Evers JB, Vos J, Yin X, Romero P, van der Putten PEL, Struik PC. 2010. Simulation of wheat growth and development based on organ-level photosynthesis and assimilate allocation. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61: 2203-2216 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq025 Intimate relationships exist between form and function of plants, determining many processes governing their growth and development. However, in most crop simulation models that have been created to simulate plant growth and, for example, predict biomass production, plant structure has been neglected. In this study, a detailed simulation model of growth and development of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) is presented, which integrates degree of tillering and canopy architecture with organ-level light interception, photosynthesis, and dry-matter partitioning. An existing spatially explicit 3D architectural model of wheat development was extended with routines for organ-level microclimate, photosynthesis, assimilate distribution within the plant structure according to organ demands, and organ growth and development. Outgrowth of tiller buds was made dependent on the ratio between assimilate supply and demand of the plants. Organ-level photosynthesis, biomass production, and bud outgrowth were simulated satisfactorily. However, to improve crop simulation results more efforts are needed mechanistically to model other major plant physiological processes such as nitrogen uptake and distribution, tiller death, and leaf senescence. Nevertheless, the work presented here is a significant step forwards towards a mechanistic functional–structural plant model, which integrates plant architecture with key plant processes.
The present study aims to analyze the physiological and agronomical response to drought among sev... more The present study aims to analyze the physiological and agronomical response to drought among seven local and traditional field-grown Monastrell clones (4, 94, 188, 360, 276, 372, and 373) over four seasons (2018–2021) under optimum irrigation conditions (control) and water stress (stress). We have focussed on measuring Monastrell interclonal variability in plant water relations and leaf gas exchange, vegetative growth, leaf mineral nutrition, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and grape and wine quality. A classification of the different clones according to drought-tolerance degree and agronomical/oenological performance was established. The classification revealed that (a) The most drought-tolerant clone (i.e., clone 4) was neither the most productive (8600 kg ha−1), the most efficient in terms of water use (average of 25 kg m−3), nor the one that presented a better grape quality; (b) The most productive and efficient clone (i.e., clone 94) (11,566 kg ha−1, average of 30 kg m−3) w...
The effects of climatic factors on yield, berry, and wine quality for long-term (7 years) deficit... more The effects of climatic factors on yield, berry, and wine quality for long-term (7 years) deficit irrigated (DI) Monastrell wine grapes under the semiarid conditions of SE Spain were analyzed. The relationships between climatic variables and the yield, berry (QIoverallberry), and wine quality (QIwine) novel indices confirmed that the most important climatic factors were rainfall, temperature, and radiation. Climate was more influential in determining yield, berry, and wine composition in some important physiological periods, such as early season (budburst-fruit set) and ripening (veraison-harvest). Greater rainfall during dormancy and early season was related with greater yield, QIoverallberry, and QIwine; in contrast, rainfall late in the season, during the veraison-harvest period, was related negatively with berry and wine quality. Similarly, solar radiation impacted positively during dormancy and early season and negatively during late season. In addition, greater Tamax during the dormancy, early season (budburst-fruit set) and veraison-harvest periods influenced negatively the QIoverallberry and QIwine, while greater Tamax during other periods, such as fruit set-veraison were - in general - positive for berry and wine quality. Besides greater Tamin (high nighttime temperatures) also exerted a negative influence, reducing QIphenolicberry, although had positive effects in yield, QItechnologicalberry and QIwine. In general, climate had more influence on berry quality than on wine quality.
ABSTRACT Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton (Fabaceae) is a biennial–perennial species, whi... more ABSTRACT Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton (Fabaceae) is a biennial–perennial species, which grows throughout the Mediterranean basin and Macaronesia. It is cultivated to provide livestock fodder and shows promise as a source of furanocoumarins. This is the first report on its physiological and growth responses to water deprivation. We assessed these in a pot assay, in the field and in hydroponic culture, using two populations from southern Spain and two from the Canary Islands. Proline accumulation was much lower in the field than for pot-grown plants, supporting recent indications that it is phytotoxic under combined drought and heat stress. In hydroponic culture, imposition of water stress by poly(ethylene glycol) increased the root/shoot ratio and decreased the root hydraulic conductivity. Overall, the results show B. bituminosa to be a species with high constitutive resistance to soil water deficit. For example, leaf turgor did not diminish, demonstrating its capacity for osmotic adjustment, and the specific leaf area in field conditions was similar to that of other species adapted to seasonal drought. Notwithstanding, the two Canarian populations (which complete their life cycles under very different conditions) maintained better their relative water content and water potential to avoid internal stress. Famara (Lanzarote, Canary Islands) is the most appropriate as a breeding line, which can maintain its shoot biomass under drought.
Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage... more Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage crop due to its high nutritional value and biomass production with a smaller water demand with respect to alfalfa. In water-limited environments such as southern Spain, different strategies allow the survival of several varieties of tedera. The aim of this work was to determi ne how four Spanish populations, from differing climatic conditions, respond when faced with drought. A summer field assay was carried out in La Alberca (Murcia, Southern Spain), comparing a wa tered with a non-watered treatment. Tolerance was expressed as inhibition of shoot growth relative to watered plants. Among the plant physiological parameters that were determined, we observed significant differences between the populations with respect to leaf water potential, osmotic potential, pressure potential, relative water content, specific leaf area, starch, P and K. Under drought, population Albomarginata (Lanzarote) maintained better its growth and its water relations. Population Beal (Murcia) was the most drought-sensitive in terms of growth, perhaps due to its inability to maintain leaf water potential. The behavior of the other two varieties was intermediate.
Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage... more Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirton; Fabaceae) has been used as a traditional forage crop due to its high nutritional value and biomass production with a smaller water demand with respect to alfalfa. In water-limited environments such as southern Spain, different strategies allow the survival of several varieties of tedera. The aim of this work was to determi ne how four Spanish populations, from differing climatic conditions, respond when faced with drought. A summer field assay was carried out in La Alberca (Murcia, Southern Spain), comparing a wa tered with a non-watered treatment. Tolerance was expressed as inhibition of shoot growth relative to watered plants. Among the plant physiological parameters that were determined, we observed significant differences between the populations with respect to leaf water potential, osmotic potential, pressure potential, relative water content, specific leaf area, starch, P and K. Under drought, population Albomarginata (Lanzarot...
Monastrell grapevines grafted on the rootstocks 140Ru, 1103P, 41B, 110R, and 161-49C were subject... more Monastrell grapevines grafted on the rootstocks 140Ru, 1103P, 41B, 110R, and 161-49C were subjected to regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root-zone irrigation (PRI). We analyzed the effects of the rootstock and irrigation method on the phenolic concentration in different berry tissues, its dilution/concentration due to the berry size, the anatomical and morphological traits of berries related to the phenolic compounds concentration, and the relationships of all these parameters with the final berry and wine phenolic content. The rootstock had an important effect on the accumulation of total phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in the skin (berries from 110R and 140Ru had the highest values). Moreover, the rootstock modified some anatomical and morphological characteristics that had a direct relationship with the final phenolic compounds concentration in the must. Large grapes and high must percentages (110R and 140Ru) produced a dilution effect, whereas small berries and ...
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