Widespread access to ART has not improved the quality of life (QoL) for people living with HIV (P... more Widespread access to ART has not improved the quality of life (QoL) for people living with HIV (PLHIV). We used the United Nations Disability project (UNPRPD) evaluation data to examine how physical illness, anxiety, and depression shape the QoL of PLHIV in households receiving the social cash transfers safety nets in Luapula, Zambia. We explored associations between each outcome - physical illness, anxiety, depression symptoms - and age, gender, poverty, hunger and disability, using univariable and multivariable regressions. We adjusted p-values for multiple hypothesis testing with sharpened Qs. The sample comprised 1925 respondents 16-55 years old, median age 31 (IQR 22-42 years), majority women (n = 1514, 78.6%). Two-thirds (1239, 64.4%) reported having a physical illness, a third (671, 34.9%) anxiety, and nine per cent (366) depression symptoms. More HIV positive people had a disability (34.6%, 53 versus 28.3%, 502; Q = 0.033), were physically ill (72.5%, 111 versus 63.7%, 1128; Q = 0.011), and two-fold (aOR 1.97 95% CI 1.31-2.94) more likely to report depression symptoms than HIV negative peers. Food insecurity and disability among PLHIV may worsen their physical illnesses, anxiety, depression symptoms, and other QoL domains. More research on the quality of life of PLHIV in poverty is required.
Objectives: We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting ≥2 SDG targets... more Objectives: We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting ≥2 SDG targets) and SDG-aligned well-being indicators among adolescents 16–24 years old in Zambia.Methods: We surveyed adults from 1,800 randomly sampled households receiving social cash transfers. We examined associations between accelerators (social cash transfers, life-long learning, mobile phone access) and seven well-being indicators among adolescents using multivariate logistic regressions.Results: The sample comprised 1,725 adolescents, 881 (51.1%) girls. Mobile phone access was associated with no poverty (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 2.08, p < 0.001), informal cash transfers (aOR 1.82, p = 0.004), and seeking mental health support (aOR 1.61, p = 0.020). Social cash transfers were associated with no disability-related health restrictions (aOR 2.56, p = 0.004) and lesser odds of seeking mental health support (aOR 0.53, p = 0.029). Life-long learning was associated with informal cash transfers (a...
Child labour constitutes a major social problem in Zambia. It not only harms the welfare of indiv... more Child labour constitutes a major social problem in Zambia. It not only harms the welfare of individual children, but also slows broader national poverty reduction and development efforts. Children forced out of school and into labour to help their families make ends meet are denied the opportunity to acquire the knowledge and skills needed for gainful future employment, thereby perpetuating the cycle of poverty. This study therefore sought to investigate the impact of child domestic labour on children's education in Lusaka City of Zambia. The study employed an exploratory qualitative case study design. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Respondents were purposively sampled for study. Snowball sampling was also used to locate children. The results of the study showed that child domestic labour negatively affects school enrolment as parents send their children to do domestic work to supplement family income. Evidence also showed tha...
This article explored the differences in HIV testing in the elimination of mother-to-child transm... more This article explored the differences in HIV testing in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (ETMCT) between women with and without disabilities aged 16-55 years, reported being pregnant and receiving the social cash transfers (SCT) social safety nets in Luapula province, Zambia. We tested for associations between HIV testing in EMTCT and disability using logistic regression analyses. We calculated a functional score for each woman to determine if they had mild, moderate or severe difficulties and controlled for age, intimate partner sexual violence, and the SCT receipt. Of 1692 women, 29.8% (504) reported a disability, 724 (42.8%) mild, 203 (12.0%) moderate, and 83 (4.9%) severe functional difficulties (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.70). Women with moderate (aOR 2.04; 95% CI 1.44-2.88) or mild difficulties (aOR 1.66; 95% CI 1.32-2.08) or with a disability in cognition (aOR 1.67 95% CI 1.22-2.29) reported testing more for HIV than women without disabilities; Women with a disability in hearing (aOR 0.36 CI 0.16-0.80) reported testing less for HIV. Disability is common among women receiving the SCT in the study area accessing HIV testing in the EMTCT setting. HIV testing in EMTCT is challenging for women with disabilities in hearing.
We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting two or more SDG targets) a... more We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting two or more SDG targets) and well-being indicators among adolescents in Zambia. Methods: We randomly sampled 1,800 households receiving social cash transfers (SCT) in four districts, surveyed adults 16 years and older. Using multivariable logistic regressions, stratified by household heads disability status, we examined associations between accelerators (SCT, life-long learning (LLL), mobile phone access (MPA)) and seven well-being indicators among adolescents 16 to 24 years old. We predicted adolescents' probabilities of reporting indicators with marginal effects models. Results: We included 1,725 adolescents, 881(51.1%) girls. MPA was associated with no poverty (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 2.08, p<0.001), informal cash transfers (aOR 1.82 p=0.004), seeking mental support (aOR 1.61, p=0.020); SCT with no health access restrictions related to disability (aOR 2.56, p=0.004), lesser odds seeking mental support...
Widespread access to ART has not improved the quality of life (QoL) for people living with HIV (P... more Widespread access to ART has not improved the quality of life (QoL) for people living with HIV (PLHIV). We used the United Nations Disability project (UNPRPD) evaluation data to examine how physical illness, anxiety, and depression shape the QoL of PLHIV in households receiving the social cash transfers safety nets in Luapula, Zambia. We explored associations between each outcome - physical illness, anxiety, depression symptoms - and age, gender, poverty, hunger and disability, using univariable and multivariable regressions. We adjusted p-values for multiple hypothesis testing with sharpened Qs. The sample comprised 1925 respondents 16-55 years old, median age 31 (IQR 22-42 years), majority women (n = 1514, 78.6%). Two-thirds (1239, 64.4%) reported having a physical illness, a third (671, 34.9%) anxiety, and nine per cent (366) depression symptoms. More HIV positive people had a disability (34.6%, 53 versus 28.3%, 502; Q = 0.033), were physically ill (72.5%, 111 versus 63.7%, 1128; Q = 0.011), and two-fold (aOR 1.97 95% CI 1.31-2.94) more likely to report depression symptoms than HIV negative peers. Food insecurity and disability among PLHIV may worsen their physical illnesses, anxiety, depression symptoms, and other QoL domains. More research on the quality of life of PLHIV in poverty is required.
Objectives: We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting ≥2 SDG targets... more Objectives: We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting ≥2 SDG targets) and SDG-aligned well-being indicators among adolescents 16–24 years old in Zambia.Methods: We surveyed adults from 1,800 randomly sampled households receiving social cash transfers. We examined associations between accelerators (social cash transfers, life-long learning, mobile phone access) and seven well-being indicators among adolescents using multivariate logistic regressions.Results: The sample comprised 1,725 adolescents, 881 (51.1%) girls. Mobile phone access was associated with no poverty (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 2.08, p < 0.001), informal cash transfers (aOR 1.82, p = 0.004), and seeking mental health support (aOR 1.61, p = 0.020). Social cash transfers were associated with no disability-related health restrictions (aOR 2.56, p = 0.004) and lesser odds of seeking mental health support (aOR 0.53, p = 0.029). Life-long learning was associated with informal cash transfers (a...
Child labour constitutes a major social problem in Zambia. It not only harms the welfare of indiv... more Child labour constitutes a major social problem in Zambia. It not only harms the welfare of individual children, but also slows broader national poverty reduction and development efforts. Children forced out of school and into labour to help their families make ends meet are denied the opportunity to acquire the knowledge and skills needed for gainful future employment, thereby perpetuating the cycle of poverty. This study therefore sought to investigate the impact of child domestic labour on children's education in Lusaka City of Zambia. The study employed an exploratory qualitative case study design. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Respondents were purposively sampled for study. Snowball sampling was also used to locate children. The results of the study showed that child domestic labour negatively affects school enrolment as parents send their children to do domestic work to supplement family income. Evidence also showed tha...
This article explored the differences in HIV testing in the elimination of mother-to-child transm... more This article explored the differences in HIV testing in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (ETMCT) between women with and without disabilities aged 16-55 years, reported being pregnant and receiving the social cash transfers (SCT) social safety nets in Luapula province, Zambia. We tested for associations between HIV testing in EMTCT and disability using logistic regression analyses. We calculated a functional score for each woman to determine if they had mild, moderate or severe difficulties and controlled for age, intimate partner sexual violence, and the SCT receipt. Of 1692 women, 29.8% (504) reported a disability, 724 (42.8%) mild, 203 (12.0%) moderate, and 83 (4.9%) severe functional difficulties (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.70). Women with moderate (aOR 2.04; 95% CI 1.44-2.88) or mild difficulties (aOR 1.66; 95% CI 1.32-2.08) or with a disability in cognition (aOR 1.67 95% CI 1.22-2.29) reported testing more for HIV than women without disabilities; Women with a disability in hearing (aOR 0.36 CI 0.16-0.80) reported testing less for HIV. Disability is common among women receiving the SCT in the study area accessing HIV testing in the EMTCT setting. HIV testing in EMTCT is challenging for women with disabilities in hearing.
We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting two or more SDG targets) a... more We examined associations between accelerators (interventions impacting two or more SDG targets) and well-being indicators among adolescents in Zambia. Methods: We randomly sampled 1,800 households receiving social cash transfers (SCT) in four districts, surveyed adults 16 years and older. Using multivariable logistic regressions, stratified by household heads disability status, we examined associations between accelerators (SCT, life-long learning (LLL), mobile phone access (MPA)) and seven well-being indicators among adolescents 16 to 24 years old. We predicted adolescents' probabilities of reporting indicators with marginal effects models. Results: We included 1,725 adolescents, 881(51.1%) girls. MPA was associated with no poverty (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 2.08, p<0.001), informal cash transfers (aOR 1.82 p=0.004), seeking mental support (aOR 1.61, p=0.020); SCT with no health access restrictions related to disability (aOR 2.56, p=0.004), lesser odds seeking mental support...
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Papers by Patrick Chanda