Typhoons are destructive multi-hazard events. To assess the relationship between typhoon intensit... more Typhoons are destructive multi-hazard events. To assess the relationship between typhoon intensity and agricultural loss, there is a need for accurate and standardized information on loss and damage, which is currently lacking. To address this, a database for Vietnam and the Philippines was created to provide aggregated information on the magnitude of rice damage and to highlight the rice-growing areas which were prone to being damaged by typhoons. Our study period was from 1970 to 2018, and we focused on Vietnam and the Philippines as these two countries experience frequent and intense typhoons. As different crops respond differently to wind and rain, we limit our research to a single crop. In this study, we focused on rice as it is a major staple food in Southeast Asia, and rice fields were often damaged by typhoons in the two countries. Of the 829 typhoon events recorded, only 15% of the events resulted in rice damage. The average area of rice damaged per typhoon event ranged from 42,407 ha in Vietnam to 83,571 ha in the Philippines. Meanwhile, the average production loss per typhoon event ranged from 190,227 metric tonnes in the Philippines to 539,150 metric tonnes in Vietnam. The monetary value of rice crops lost was only reported in the Philippines, and this amounted to an average of US$ 42 million per typhoon event. There was a weak relationship between landfall wind speed and the three indicators of rice damage, which suggests that rice damage was not primarily due to strong winds. Our results showed that the rice fields in the coastal provinces of Vietnam and the northern parts of the Philippines were more vulnerable to being damaged by typhoons.
The world is experiencing a situation of slower economic growth and lower commodity prices transl... more The world is experiencing a situation of slower economic growth and lower commodity prices translated into relatively lower Food Price Indices for many countries. This "new norm" benefits urban consumers but poses potential problems for agribusiness and rural producers, since, inter alia, it discourages them to invest. Will this "new norm" last? Or will it prove a "false dawn"?
established in 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and e... more established in 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition. IFPRI's strategic research aims to foster a climate-resilient and sustainable food supply; promote healthy diets and nutrition for all; build inclusive and efficient markets, trade systems, and food industries; transform agricultural and rural economies; and strengthen institutions and governance. Gender is integrated in all the institute's work. Partnerships, communications, capacity strengthening, and data and knowledge management are essential components to translate IFPRI's research from action to impact. The institute's regional and country programs play a critical role in responding to demand for food policy research and in delivering holistic support for country-led development. IFPRI collaborates with partners around the world.
Advances in food security and sustainability, 2021
The ASEAN comprises 10 member states and is a fast developing region in which agriculture has his... more The ASEAN comprises 10 member states and is a fast developing region in which agriculture has historically been important for food security and livelihoods. However, over the past decade, agriculture's contribution to national economies, as well as the labor force engaged in agriculture have been declining. Prior to the onset of the COVID pandemic, ASEAN countries already faced challenges to their food production capacity due to climate-related phenomena, declining arable land and freshwater resources and the ever-present pests and diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted lives and disrupted livelihoods in the ASEAN region, and this remains an important concern given recurring waves of infections as economies reopen. This chapter discusses the impact of COVID-19 on food security dimensions concerned with food production, the supply chain from “farm to table,” food affordability and nutrition among consumers, particularly the poor. It begins by providing a review of Southeast Asia's socio-economic landscape which influences food security and a discussion on distinctive features of its food systems which affect food security in the region, prior to COVID-19. It then discusses the impact of the pandemic on the region, and how ASEAN member states have responded, and describes what the “New Normal” is likely to be. It concludes with suggestions on how ASEAN is likely to move ahead post-pandemic.
The computation of water consumption for livestock production includes water required for feed pr... more The computation of water consumption for livestock production includes water required for feed production. Regions which are highly dependent on feed from the same source country will be particularly vulnerable to water scarcity. Higher temperatures increase water demands for cooling to reduce the effects of heat stress.
Food security is fundamental to human security and sustainable development. As ASEAN moves toward... more Food security is fundamental to human security and sustainable development. As ASEAN moves towards an integrated community of caring societies in 2015 and beyond, we argue that food security should be an integral part of the ASEAN community building agenda and deserves more attention than it currently has been in the AEC Blueprint. More importantly, ASEAN needs to be infused with a new thinking on food security that is responsive to emerging global threats and challenges. This paper provides a new framework for ASEAN food security by focusing on a regional approach as envisioned in the AEC Jakarta Framework project.
Feeding Asia's growing population requires modern agriculture based on the latest science and tec... more Feeding Asia's growing population requires modern agriculture based on the latest science and technology. Asian countries should embrace modern farming techniques and invest in R&D to develop sustainable food production systems.
Smallholder farmers constitute a sizable subset of the population in the ASEAN region and therefo... more Smallholder farmers constitute a sizable subset of the population in the ASEAN region and therefore are important stakeholders to consider in realizing the broader goals of inclusive development and poverty reduction. Linking them to various agriculture-related activities across the value chain paves the pathway of opportunities to expand their access to markets and build capacities. As such, determining policy and institutional conditions that enable inclusive agribusiness development as well as key barriers to their engagement would provide greater leverage for smaller agribusiness players to move up the value chain. By reviewing the extant literature on agribusiness models, we provided a survey of the inclusive agribusiness structure most prevalent in the ASEAN region. The study draws from the "Hierarchy of Enabling Needs" model and socio-organizational structure model to offer an integrated conceptual framework that maps out the environment that facilitates stronger li...
Typhoons are destructive multi-hazard events. To assess the relationship between typhoon intensit... more Typhoons are destructive multi-hazard events. To assess the relationship between typhoon intensity and agricultural loss, there is a need for accurate and standardized information on loss and damage, which is currently lacking. To address this, a database for Vietnam and the Philippines was created to provide aggregated information on the magnitude of rice damage and to highlight the rice-growing areas which were prone to being damaged by typhoons. Our study period was from 1970 to 2018, and we focused on Vietnam and the Philippines as these two countries experience frequent and intense typhoons. As different crops respond differently to wind and rain, we limit our research to a single crop. In this study, we focused on rice as it is a major staple food in Southeast Asia, and rice fields were often damaged by typhoons in the two countries. Of the 829 typhoon events recorded, only 15% of the events resulted in rice damage. The average area of rice damaged per typhoon event ranged from 42,407 ha in Vietnam to 83,571 ha in the Philippines. Meanwhile, the average production loss per typhoon event ranged from 190,227 metric tonnes in the Philippines to 539,150 metric tonnes in Vietnam. The monetary value of rice crops lost was only reported in the Philippines, and this amounted to an average of US$ 42 million per typhoon event. There was a weak relationship between landfall wind speed and the three indicators of rice damage, which suggests that rice damage was not primarily due to strong winds. Our results showed that the rice fields in the coastal provinces of Vietnam and the northern parts of the Philippines were more vulnerable to being damaged by typhoons.
The world is experiencing a situation of slower economic growth and lower commodity prices transl... more The world is experiencing a situation of slower economic growth and lower commodity prices translated into relatively lower Food Price Indices for many countries. This "new norm" benefits urban consumers but poses potential problems for agribusiness and rural producers, since, inter alia, it discourages them to invest. Will this "new norm" last? Or will it prove a "false dawn"?
established in 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and e... more established in 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition. IFPRI's strategic research aims to foster a climate-resilient and sustainable food supply; promote healthy diets and nutrition for all; build inclusive and efficient markets, trade systems, and food industries; transform agricultural and rural economies; and strengthen institutions and governance. Gender is integrated in all the institute's work. Partnerships, communications, capacity strengthening, and data and knowledge management are essential components to translate IFPRI's research from action to impact. The institute's regional and country programs play a critical role in responding to demand for food policy research and in delivering holistic support for country-led development. IFPRI collaborates with partners around the world.
Advances in food security and sustainability, 2021
The ASEAN comprises 10 member states and is a fast developing region in which agriculture has his... more The ASEAN comprises 10 member states and is a fast developing region in which agriculture has historically been important for food security and livelihoods. However, over the past decade, agriculture's contribution to national economies, as well as the labor force engaged in agriculture have been declining. Prior to the onset of the COVID pandemic, ASEAN countries already faced challenges to their food production capacity due to climate-related phenomena, declining arable land and freshwater resources and the ever-present pests and diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted lives and disrupted livelihoods in the ASEAN region, and this remains an important concern given recurring waves of infections as economies reopen. This chapter discusses the impact of COVID-19 on food security dimensions concerned with food production, the supply chain from “farm to table,” food affordability and nutrition among consumers, particularly the poor. It begins by providing a review of Southeast Asia's socio-economic landscape which influences food security and a discussion on distinctive features of its food systems which affect food security in the region, prior to COVID-19. It then discusses the impact of the pandemic on the region, and how ASEAN member states have responded, and describes what the “New Normal” is likely to be. It concludes with suggestions on how ASEAN is likely to move ahead post-pandemic.
The computation of water consumption for livestock production includes water required for feed pr... more The computation of water consumption for livestock production includes water required for feed production. Regions which are highly dependent on feed from the same source country will be particularly vulnerable to water scarcity. Higher temperatures increase water demands for cooling to reduce the effects of heat stress.
Food security is fundamental to human security and sustainable development. As ASEAN moves toward... more Food security is fundamental to human security and sustainable development. As ASEAN moves towards an integrated community of caring societies in 2015 and beyond, we argue that food security should be an integral part of the ASEAN community building agenda and deserves more attention than it currently has been in the AEC Blueprint. More importantly, ASEAN needs to be infused with a new thinking on food security that is responsive to emerging global threats and challenges. This paper provides a new framework for ASEAN food security by focusing on a regional approach as envisioned in the AEC Jakarta Framework project.
Feeding Asia's growing population requires modern agriculture based on the latest science and tec... more Feeding Asia's growing population requires modern agriculture based on the latest science and technology. Asian countries should embrace modern farming techniques and invest in R&D to develop sustainable food production systems.
Smallholder farmers constitute a sizable subset of the population in the ASEAN region and therefo... more Smallholder farmers constitute a sizable subset of the population in the ASEAN region and therefore are important stakeholders to consider in realizing the broader goals of inclusive development and poverty reduction. Linking them to various agriculture-related activities across the value chain paves the pathway of opportunities to expand their access to markets and build capacities. As such, determining policy and institutional conditions that enable inclusive agribusiness development as well as key barriers to their engagement would provide greater leverage for smaller agribusiness players to move up the value chain. By reviewing the extant literature on agribusiness models, we provided a survey of the inclusive agribusiness structure most prevalent in the ASEAN region. The study draws from the "Hierarchy of Enabling Needs" model and socio-organizational structure model to offer an integrated conceptual framework that maps out the environment that facilitates stronger li...
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Papers by Paul Teng