Most of the control and measurement applications are using galvanic connection of sensors and act... more Most of the control and measurement applications are using galvanic connection of sensors and actuators to central control system. This scheme is bringing some problems and limitations in cases, where it is not possible to use standard cable connection between control system (wiring station) and local smart/standard sensors and actuators. Galvanic interconnection is possible to accept in cases, when the configuration is permanent and it is possible to make cable interconnection between components. In another cases, when it is not possible to use cable connection between components (components are geographically isolated, temporarily installed or allocated on rotating elements etc.), it is appropriate to realize interconnection between components by wireless communication network. The conclusions enable to connect smart sensor and actuators by using RF wireless physical layer on ISM (Industrial Scientific Medicine) band. For small range network (perimeter up to 100m) industrial Bluet...
The paper describes results of analysis of interoperability issues encountered when interconnecti... more The paper describes results of analysis of interoperability issues encountered when interconnecting systems that use heterogeneous communication interfaces. The initial analysis has been focused to issues faced when interconnecting heterogeneous fieldbuses. However the results obtained from the study are generally applicable to all systems that need to exchange information through incompatible interfaces using a broker that transforms data from one interface to the other. However, the research has shown that many interoperability problems can be eliminated by use of common concept for expression of sensor data regardless of the protocols used for the actual data exchange. The root cause of interoperability problems has been identified in the heterogeneity of concepts used for description of the reality. The authors argue, that common concept for sensor-actuator networks (SANETS) is needed to prevent unnecessary interoperability problems especially when building platforms for generic...
Abstract The goal of this paper is to clarify the differences between ontologies and databases. T... more Abstract The goal of this paper is to clarify the differences between ontologies and databases. The article describes, in a step-by-step manner, the parts in which differences occur. However, there are also similarities proving that ontologies and databases are not completely different. Based on these aspects, this paper presents various approaches to transforming a database to ontology. The conclusion summarizes and highlights the most important similarities and differences.
Abstract Paper deals with two significant trends in the automation and control theory of the last... more Abstract Paper deals with two significant trends in the automation and control theory of the last decade. The problems are evoked by a lack between control theory and the automation praxis in the case of Networked Control Systems (NCS) and by penetration of wireless communication used in case of Sensor Networks. Authors define serious theoretical problems in Networked Control Systems analyses in the design of digital control such as non-periodical sampling period, variable delays in control feedback, lower dependability of feedback information and some other issues. Network Calculus is proposed as a possible mathematical and description tool. The paper also mentions an ambitious research program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to develop new theory of the NCS synthesis. In the second part of the paper the Sensor Networks as the new phenomenon in process values measurement and data acquisition systems are described. It is the opinion of the authors, that sensor networks represent totally other look on the utilization of sensors, than represents classical measurement engineering used in data acquisition systems.
Proceedings of the 13th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2012
The paper deals with Smart Grids. After slight introduction, the Home Area Network is described. ... more The paper deals with Smart Grids. After slight introduction, the Home Area Network is described. The paper focuses on the device called Home Coordinator. The Home Coordinator controls all home appliances in the home with respect to reach their maximum efficiency and cost saving. A basic approach and algorithm to schedule home appliances is presented.
Proceedings of the 13th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2012
Nowadays ontologies are more and more often put on work in diverse industrial areas thanks to the... more Nowadays ontologies are more and more often put on work in diverse industrial areas thanks to their high potential of applying. In this paper we extend work of other developer groups that are interested in ontologies and purvey frameworks for ontology using. To make clear meaning of ontology, we describe it with a set of properties that points out its diversity. Next we focus on possibilities of using ontologies in diagnostic systems with emphasize of interoperability. We illustrate several scenarios for engaging ontologies into these systems for sharing diagnostic datasets or terms meanings of dynamical systems that cause their better understanding and manipulation with them. Each scenario include role of ontology and a list of advantages that ontology implementation brings.
The ZigBee standard is out for more than one year and real-world applications already exist. The ... more The ZigBee standard is out for more than one year and real-world applications already exist. The deployment of applications based on ZigBee depends heavily on the performance of the radio. It is not easy to determine the parameters for a certain location and there is not much information or guidelines for this yet. As very efficient way seems a simple on site testing, but for this it is important to know what to test. Here we describe experience gained during testing the ZigBee radio properties in an indoor environment. The paper brings a description of a simple test procedure for ZigBee devices and shows results for tests conducted on the office floor of the faculty building.
This paper describes theoretical and formal background for analysis of interoperability issues in... more This paper describes theoretical and formal background for analysis of interoperability issues in autonomous machine based data exchange systems, especially in automation systems. The formalism is based on description of interaction of simple deterministic automatons. The interoperability issues are shown on examples; examples are formally described and classified into four classes.
Vehicle safety remains a topic of major interest, and diverse assistance systems are implemented ... more Vehicle safety remains a topic of major interest, and diverse assistance systems are implemented that focus primarily on analyzing the immediate vicinity of the car and the driver’s control inputs. In this paper, by contrast, we emphasize understanding the driver’s control performance via obtaining valuable data and relevant characteristics. To acquire the data, we employed an in-house-designed, laboratory-built vehicle driving simulator. This simulator exploits the Unreal Engine 4 framework to deliver a high level of realism. The fact that the actual designing and associated processes were materialized through our own efforts has brought advantages such as simplified data acquisition, possibility of creating custom scenarios, and modification of the virtual elements according to our specific needs. We also developed an application to analyze the measured data from the perspective of control theory, establishing a set of parameters that provided the basis for an early version of a d...
The paper describes development of three industrial devices, which utilises Ethernet interface. T... more The paper describes development of three industrial devices, which utilises Ethernet interface. The first two are designed to allow connection of already existing systems to the LAN. Both systems assume that the connected system is already equipped with serial port and implements some type of communication protocol. The first one crates virtual serial port, so already existing software can be utilised. The second system works as a specialised web server. It implements a universal script language, which allows to send ad receive data through serial intarface and dynamically create web content. The third device is a datalogger equipped with number of universal analog and digital inputs. The collected data are recorded in the memory of the datalogger and accessible using embedded web and ftp server.
Modern wireless technologies didn't avoid smart metering as an integral part of smart grids. ... more Modern wireless technologies didn't avoid smart metering as an integral part of smart grids. They have a high flexibility and can be easily integrated into existing installations, it is feasible to use them for communication with meters. The goal of this paper is to give awareness of commonly used protocols/technologies in smart metering, provide basic characteristics of them and describe their deployment in smart grids and the consequent advantages/disadvantages.
Most of the control and measurement applications are using galvanic connection of sensors and act... more Most of the control and measurement applications are using galvanic connection of sensors and actuators to central control system. This scheme is bringing some problems and limitations in cases, where it is not possible to use standard cable connection between control system (wiring station) and local smart/standard sensors and actuators. Galvanic interconnection is possible to accept in cases, when the configuration is permanent and it is possible to make cable interconnection between components. In another cases, when it is not possible to use cable connection between components (components are geographically isolated, temporarily installed or allocated on rotating elements etc.), it is appropriate to realize interconnection between components by wireless communication network. The conclusions enable to connect smart sensor and actuators by using RF wireless physical layer on ISM (Industrial Scientific Medicine) band. For small range network (perimeter up to 100m) industrial Bluet...
The paper describes results of analysis of interoperability issues encountered when interconnecti... more The paper describes results of analysis of interoperability issues encountered when interconnecting systems that use heterogeneous communication interfaces. The initial analysis has been focused to issues faced when interconnecting heterogeneous fieldbuses. However the results obtained from the study are generally applicable to all systems that need to exchange information through incompatible interfaces using a broker that transforms data from one interface to the other. However, the research has shown that many interoperability problems can be eliminated by use of common concept for expression of sensor data regardless of the protocols used for the actual data exchange. The root cause of interoperability problems has been identified in the heterogeneity of concepts used for description of the reality. The authors argue, that common concept for sensor-actuator networks (SANETS) is needed to prevent unnecessary interoperability problems especially when building platforms for generic...
Abstract The goal of this paper is to clarify the differences between ontologies and databases. T... more Abstract The goal of this paper is to clarify the differences between ontologies and databases. The article describes, in a step-by-step manner, the parts in which differences occur. However, there are also similarities proving that ontologies and databases are not completely different. Based on these aspects, this paper presents various approaches to transforming a database to ontology. The conclusion summarizes and highlights the most important similarities and differences.
Abstract Paper deals with two significant trends in the automation and control theory of the last... more Abstract Paper deals with two significant trends in the automation and control theory of the last decade. The problems are evoked by a lack between control theory and the automation praxis in the case of Networked Control Systems (NCS) and by penetration of wireless communication used in case of Sensor Networks. Authors define serious theoretical problems in Networked Control Systems analyses in the design of digital control such as non-periodical sampling period, variable delays in control feedback, lower dependability of feedback information and some other issues. Network Calculus is proposed as a possible mathematical and description tool. The paper also mentions an ambitious research program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to develop new theory of the NCS synthesis. In the second part of the paper the Sensor Networks as the new phenomenon in process values measurement and data acquisition systems are described. It is the opinion of the authors, that sensor networks represent totally other look on the utilization of sensors, than represents classical measurement engineering used in data acquisition systems.
Proceedings of the 13th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2012
The paper deals with Smart Grids. After slight introduction, the Home Area Network is described. ... more The paper deals with Smart Grids. After slight introduction, the Home Area Network is described. The paper focuses on the device called Home Coordinator. The Home Coordinator controls all home appliances in the home with respect to reach their maximum efficiency and cost saving. A basic approach and algorithm to schedule home appliances is presented.
Proceedings of the 13th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2012
Nowadays ontologies are more and more often put on work in diverse industrial areas thanks to the... more Nowadays ontologies are more and more often put on work in diverse industrial areas thanks to their high potential of applying. In this paper we extend work of other developer groups that are interested in ontologies and purvey frameworks for ontology using. To make clear meaning of ontology, we describe it with a set of properties that points out its diversity. Next we focus on possibilities of using ontologies in diagnostic systems with emphasize of interoperability. We illustrate several scenarios for engaging ontologies into these systems for sharing diagnostic datasets or terms meanings of dynamical systems that cause their better understanding and manipulation with them. Each scenario include role of ontology and a list of advantages that ontology implementation brings.
The ZigBee standard is out for more than one year and real-world applications already exist. The ... more The ZigBee standard is out for more than one year and real-world applications already exist. The deployment of applications based on ZigBee depends heavily on the performance of the radio. It is not easy to determine the parameters for a certain location and there is not much information or guidelines for this yet. As very efficient way seems a simple on site testing, but for this it is important to know what to test. Here we describe experience gained during testing the ZigBee radio properties in an indoor environment. The paper brings a description of a simple test procedure for ZigBee devices and shows results for tests conducted on the office floor of the faculty building.
This paper describes theoretical and formal background for analysis of interoperability issues in... more This paper describes theoretical and formal background for analysis of interoperability issues in autonomous machine based data exchange systems, especially in automation systems. The formalism is based on description of interaction of simple deterministic automatons. The interoperability issues are shown on examples; examples are formally described and classified into four classes.
Vehicle safety remains a topic of major interest, and diverse assistance systems are implemented ... more Vehicle safety remains a topic of major interest, and diverse assistance systems are implemented that focus primarily on analyzing the immediate vicinity of the car and the driver’s control inputs. In this paper, by contrast, we emphasize understanding the driver’s control performance via obtaining valuable data and relevant characteristics. To acquire the data, we employed an in-house-designed, laboratory-built vehicle driving simulator. This simulator exploits the Unreal Engine 4 framework to deliver a high level of realism. The fact that the actual designing and associated processes were materialized through our own efforts has brought advantages such as simplified data acquisition, possibility of creating custom scenarios, and modification of the virtual elements according to our specific needs. We also developed an application to analyze the measured data from the perspective of control theory, establishing a set of parameters that provided the basis for an early version of a d...
The paper describes development of three industrial devices, which utilises Ethernet interface. T... more The paper describes development of three industrial devices, which utilises Ethernet interface. The first two are designed to allow connection of already existing systems to the LAN. Both systems assume that the connected system is already equipped with serial port and implements some type of communication protocol. The first one crates virtual serial port, so already existing software can be utilised. The second system works as a specialised web server. It implements a universal script language, which allows to send ad receive data through serial intarface and dynamically create web content. The third device is a datalogger equipped with number of universal analog and digital inputs. The collected data are recorded in the memory of the datalogger and accessible using embedded web and ftp server.
Modern wireless technologies didn't avoid smart metering as an integral part of smart grids. ... more Modern wireless technologies didn't avoid smart metering as an integral part of smart grids. They have a high flexibility and can be easily integrated into existing installations, it is feasible to use them for communication with meters. The goal of this paper is to give awareness of commonly used protocols/technologies in smart metering, provide basic characteristics of them and describe their deployment in smart grids and the consequent advantages/disadvantages.
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Papers by Petr Fiedler