In the present scenario, the increasing penetration of solar energy can be significant challenge ... more In the present scenario, the increasing penetration of solar energy can be significant challenge due to the variation of power generation. One of the solution to improve the quality of power supply and guarantee of system stability is energy storage system(ESS). In this project, a AC-DC hybrid micro grid is designed based on photovoltaic (PV), generator and energy storage system are coordinated control is proposed to manage the power according to the load demand With D-STATCOM and without DSTATCOM. Moreover, ACDC buses are interconnected by the bidirectional converters. The power control of the interlinked converters is enabled when the AC or DC side suffer from the active power demand shortage. In particular, if the AC micro grid doesn’t satisfy the reactive power demand, then the distributed static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) is used for the compensation. A DC-DC Boost converter is connected to boost out the input voltage from the photovoltaic (PV)farm which is given to DC...
The wind energy plays a vital role to meet the energy demand by making pollution free environment... more The wind energy plays a vital role to meet the energy demand by making pollution free environment. It is a major challenge for wind turbine generator for generation of maximum power from the fluctuating wind. Presently, a fixed speed generation wind meet the desire energy demand of the customer which improve the efficiency and its power quality. Most of the turbines are designed for its the variable speed, having a gear box coupled with it. However, the application of gearbox causes major problems to the system when it suffers from internal faults and its malfunctioning. To avoid these problems and regular maintenance, the power electronics converter arises its head by doing the replacement of gearbox. Here, a sensor less speed estimator is proposed to estimate the speed of turbine without mechanical sensor. Grid connected wind electricity generation shows the highest rate of growth of any form of electricity generation which achieves the global annual growth rate in the order of 20...
The impact of renewable energy sources brings the design of user-friendly equipment to make a pol... more The impact of renewable energy sources brings the design of user-friendly equipment to make a pollution-free environment. The novel method is to implement a solar-powered sprayer with a single-axis tracking system that changes the direction of a solar panel to get maximum output from a solar cell. It presents a dependable and reasonable strategy for collecting the maximum efficiency of solar energy. The anti-clogging factor helps the operator for trouble-free operation as well as the longer life span of the nozzle. The power can be used for mobile charging, a led bulb which makes it more economical. It consists of a solar panel of 10W capacity, a 12V DC battery, charged by solar energy received by the solar panel, a DC motor, operated by the battery, a pump, to spray the pesticide and a tank to hold the pesticide. The main objective of the project is to improve the agricultural system and to reduce the human effort and problem associated with the backpack sprayer new equipment is fabricated which will beneficial to farmers and it utilizes renewable energy sources which are ecofriendly in nature. Spraying is one of the most operative and efficient techniques for applying a minimum quantity of liquid through fine droplets to protect the crops.
: Large industrial establishments like steel plants, cement plants, Paper and pulp industries, re... more : Large industrial establishments like steel plants, cement plants, Paper and pulp industries, refineries and petrochemical industries use high power motors for various operations. The motors are connected through long cables and controlled through vacuum circuit breaker. It has been the experience that several duties of motors such as switching-in and off, abort start, inching, jogging and hunting give rise to high voltage surges at the breaker and motor terminals. Several motors have failed due to the above duties. The present paper reports the occurrence of overvoltage due to switching duties for a given pole to clear factor. The control of switching surges by R-C surge suppressor and its effectiveness are discussed in the paper.
Power system stability is the ability of an electrical power system, for given operating conditio... more Power system stability is the ability of an electrical power system, for given operating conditions, to regain its state of operating equilibrium after being subjected to a physical disturbance, with the system variables bounded, so that the entire system remains intact and the service remains uninterrupted". Traditionally the excitation system regulates the generated voltage and there by helps control the system voltage. The automatic voltage regulators (AVR) are found extremely suitable for the regulation of generated voltage through excitation control. But extensive use of AVR has detrimental effect on the dynamic stability or steady state stability of the power system as oscillations of low frequencies (typically in the range of 0.2 to 3 Hz) persist in the power system for a long period and sometimes affect the power transfer capabilities of the system. The power system stabilizers (PSS) were developed to aid in damping these oscillations by modulation of excitation system ...
:The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) power system installed with STATCOM is considered for the... more :The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) power system installed with STATCOM is considered for the analysis. The static excitation system model type IEEE-ST1A has been considered along with a conventional PSS. The STATCOM is based on pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage source converter (VSC).It is used for Shunt compensation .Shunt compensation has the ability to automatically support the voltage level in a specific area of the power system. The voltage level is an immediate image of the reactive power balance � too high a voltage means a surplus of reactive power and vice versa. The systems react dynamically to changes in active and reactive power, influencing the magnitude and profile of the power systems voltage. Quite often it gives rise to a myriad of operational problems; the system operator has to intervene to try to achieve power flow redistribution, but with limited success .shunt compensator automatically and instantaneously adjusts the reactive power output smoothly as de...
Power transformers prove to be a vital element or tool in electrical power supply and transmissio... more Power transformers prove to be a vital element or tool in electrical power supply and transmission system. They are capital intensive units and need to be monitored for faults. Faults in transformers leading to their failure are unacceptable. Thus, there is a need to detect such faults at an initial level. This project is to detect the short circuit faults in any turn by theoretical and experimental methods, using frequency response analysis. Theoretical calculations are done by using the EMTP (electromagnetic transient program) software. With the help of EMTP voltage, current and frequency at each node can be seen. And further, by comparing these graphs with the faulty transformer, the fault can be identified at each node. Experimentally an electromagnetic model of the transformer is made by using enamel copper wire winding on a cylindrical hollow pipe. And by applying impulse voltage the respective current and voltage graph can be obtained, which can be further compared with the f...
2016 International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Power and Embedded System (SCOPES), 2016
A transformer is one of the key equipment in modern power system. It is used to raise the voltage... more A transformer is one of the key equipment in modern power system. It is used to raise the voltage levels from few kV's i.e. from the generating levels to a very high transmission level of 400kV, 765kV. Higher voltages are important for the efficiency and reliability of the electrical transmission system as higher voltages results in less losses in terms of heat, better voltage regulation and thus raising the power utility at consumers end. Subjecting to such high voltages the power transformers are always vulnerable to high frequency surges generated either by the natural or external causes such as striking of lightning at its leading terminal or self generated over voltages within the system itself by the various switching operations and fault. Thus to avoid failures it is important to have adequate design consideration so that the heavy losses both in terms of economy and power interruption can be avoided. Therefore the insulation design is perhaps the most critical part invol...
2015 Conference on Power, Control, Communication and Computational Technologies for Sustainable Growth (PCCCTSG), 2015
Failure of high voltage bushing leading to partial or complete destruction of power transformer h... more Failure of high voltage bushing leading to partial or complete destruction of power transformer has been considered as severe event in the electrical power system. Apart from power distribution it has led to human tragedy in a number of sites. Transformer industry is concerned with such problems and hence several committees have discussed the phenomena. Amongst other reasons attributed to it, the failure of draw lead causing complete failure of bushing and insulation breakdown in paper insulation between aluminum foil and the core has been major cause at power plant. The present paper aims at formulating an electrical equivalent network comprising inductances, capacitances and resistances representing the bushing and draw lead. The voltage distribution in the annular region of draw lead and aluminum pipe supporting core of HV bushing is calculated using Electro Magnetic Transient Programme [EMTP] programmed for standard and fast impulse voltage surge. The analysis shows that higher ...
2017 IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI), 2017
In spite of availability of natural sources, still people are now sitting on the dark zone. Becau... more In spite of availability of natural sources, still people are now sitting on the dark zone. Because of the remote area, the grid networking system is very weak. As a result of which power stability may not be assured, which greatly effects to the day-today activities of the people in the reason. Fortunately, technology exist that can give the assurance of quality of electricity in an isolated area which is for away from the regular power network. The preset scenario is the coexistence of both AC and DC micro grids, because of the evolutions of different types of loads. The hybrid microgrid concept assume a cluster of different types of loads and distributed generatoroperating as a controllable system which maintain the quality of power and its stability to its local area. To make the world pollution free environment, renewable energy infrastructure is increasing particularly in the distribution network. It has the advantage that the power generated through distributed generation sys...
The present paper deals with the distribution of surge voltage along the paper layers of a capaci... more The present paper deals with the distribution of surge voltage along the paper layers of a capacitively graded oil insulated paper bushing of a high voltage transformer. Several layers of paper and foil are modeled in the form of distributed parameter. Since there are many capacitive layers appropriate number of sections are derived by lumping the distributed parameter in the form of series and parallel combination. The high voltage terminal is subjected to impulse and fast surge voltage and distribution in all layers are determined. The voltage drop in each layer and section is estimated and non linearity of distribution is obtained. The non- linear voltage distribution and consequently maximum electric stress is compared with the allowable voltage withstand stress. The comparison provides a basis for analysis of bushing failure in substations.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2018
Power supply to rural area has always been a major challenge due to their distance from the power... more Power supply to rural area has always been a major challenge due to their distance from the power generation plants. It is highly capital intensive to design and maintain long distance transmission line. Rural area with marginal or no axis to primary grid bar can get power supply from microgrid Fortunately, technology exist that can give the assurance of quality of electricity in an isolated area which is for away from the regular power network. The present scenario is the coexistence of both AC and DC micro grids, because of the evolutions of different types of loads. The hybrid microgrid concept assume a cluster of different types of loads and distributed generator operating as a controllable system which maintain the quality of power and its stability to its local area. Power system harmonics are caused due to certain highly nonlinear loads. These harmonics do have undesirable effect of the performance on the synchronous and induction machines, telephone interference, and power c...
In the present scenario, the increasing penetration of solar energy can be significant challenge ... more In the present scenario, the increasing penetration of solar energy can be significant challenge due to the variation of power generation. One of the solution to improve the quality of power supply and guarantee of system stability is energy storage system(ESS). In this project, a AC-DC hybrid micro grid is designed based on photovoltaic (PV), generator and energy storage system are coordinated control is proposed to manage the power according to the load demand With D-STATCOM and without DSTATCOM. Moreover, ACDC buses are interconnected by the bidirectional converters. The power control of the interlinked converters is enabled when the AC or DC side suffer from the active power demand shortage. In particular, if the AC micro grid doesn’t satisfy the reactive power demand, then the distributed static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) is used for the compensation. A DC-DC Boost converter is connected to boost out the input voltage from the photovoltaic (PV)farm which is given to DC...
The wind energy plays a vital role to meet the energy demand by making pollution free environment... more The wind energy plays a vital role to meet the energy demand by making pollution free environment. It is a major challenge for wind turbine generator for generation of maximum power from the fluctuating wind. Presently, a fixed speed generation wind meet the desire energy demand of the customer which improve the efficiency and its power quality. Most of the turbines are designed for its the variable speed, having a gear box coupled with it. However, the application of gearbox causes major problems to the system when it suffers from internal faults and its malfunctioning. To avoid these problems and regular maintenance, the power electronics converter arises its head by doing the replacement of gearbox. Here, a sensor less speed estimator is proposed to estimate the speed of turbine without mechanical sensor. Grid connected wind electricity generation shows the highest rate of growth of any form of electricity generation which achieves the global annual growth rate in the order of 20...
The impact of renewable energy sources brings the design of user-friendly equipment to make a pol... more The impact of renewable energy sources brings the design of user-friendly equipment to make a pollution-free environment. The novel method is to implement a solar-powered sprayer with a single-axis tracking system that changes the direction of a solar panel to get maximum output from a solar cell. It presents a dependable and reasonable strategy for collecting the maximum efficiency of solar energy. The anti-clogging factor helps the operator for trouble-free operation as well as the longer life span of the nozzle. The power can be used for mobile charging, a led bulb which makes it more economical. It consists of a solar panel of 10W capacity, a 12V DC battery, charged by solar energy received by the solar panel, a DC motor, operated by the battery, a pump, to spray the pesticide and a tank to hold the pesticide. The main objective of the project is to improve the agricultural system and to reduce the human effort and problem associated with the backpack sprayer new equipment is fabricated which will beneficial to farmers and it utilizes renewable energy sources which are ecofriendly in nature. Spraying is one of the most operative and efficient techniques for applying a minimum quantity of liquid through fine droplets to protect the crops.
: Large industrial establishments like steel plants, cement plants, Paper and pulp industries, re... more : Large industrial establishments like steel plants, cement plants, Paper and pulp industries, refineries and petrochemical industries use high power motors for various operations. The motors are connected through long cables and controlled through vacuum circuit breaker. It has been the experience that several duties of motors such as switching-in and off, abort start, inching, jogging and hunting give rise to high voltage surges at the breaker and motor terminals. Several motors have failed due to the above duties. The present paper reports the occurrence of overvoltage due to switching duties for a given pole to clear factor. The control of switching surges by R-C surge suppressor and its effectiveness are discussed in the paper.
Power system stability is the ability of an electrical power system, for given operating conditio... more Power system stability is the ability of an electrical power system, for given operating conditions, to regain its state of operating equilibrium after being subjected to a physical disturbance, with the system variables bounded, so that the entire system remains intact and the service remains uninterrupted". Traditionally the excitation system regulates the generated voltage and there by helps control the system voltage. The automatic voltage regulators (AVR) are found extremely suitable for the regulation of generated voltage through excitation control. But extensive use of AVR has detrimental effect on the dynamic stability or steady state stability of the power system as oscillations of low frequencies (typically in the range of 0.2 to 3 Hz) persist in the power system for a long period and sometimes affect the power transfer capabilities of the system. The power system stabilizers (PSS) were developed to aid in damping these oscillations by modulation of excitation system ...
:The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) power system installed with STATCOM is considered for the... more :The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) power system installed with STATCOM is considered for the analysis. The static excitation system model type IEEE-ST1A has been considered along with a conventional PSS. The STATCOM is based on pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage source converter (VSC).It is used for Shunt compensation .Shunt compensation has the ability to automatically support the voltage level in a specific area of the power system. The voltage level is an immediate image of the reactive power balance � too high a voltage means a surplus of reactive power and vice versa. The systems react dynamically to changes in active and reactive power, influencing the magnitude and profile of the power systems voltage. Quite often it gives rise to a myriad of operational problems; the system operator has to intervene to try to achieve power flow redistribution, but with limited success .shunt compensator automatically and instantaneously adjusts the reactive power output smoothly as de...
Power transformers prove to be a vital element or tool in electrical power supply and transmissio... more Power transformers prove to be a vital element or tool in electrical power supply and transmission system. They are capital intensive units and need to be monitored for faults. Faults in transformers leading to their failure are unacceptable. Thus, there is a need to detect such faults at an initial level. This project is to detect the short circuit faults in any turn by theoretical and experimental methods, using frequency response analysis. Theoretical calculations are done by using the EMTP (electromagnetic transient program) software. With the help of EMTP voltage, current and frequency at each node can be seen. And further, by comparing these graphs with the faulty transformer, the fault can be identified at each node. Experimentally an electromagnetic model of the transformer is made by using enamel copper wire winding on a cylindrical hollow pipe. And by applying impulse voltage the respective current and voltage graph can be obtained, which can be further compared with the f...
2016 International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Power and Embedded System (SCOPES), 2016
A transformer is one of the key equipment in modern power system. It is used to raise the voltage... more A transformer is one of the key equipment in modern power system. It is used to raise the voltage levels from few kV's i.e. from the generating levels to a very high transmission level of 400kV, 765kV. Higher voltages are important for the efficiency and reliability of the electrical transmission system as higher voltages results in less losses in terms of heat, better voltage regulation and thus raising the power utility at consumers end. Subjecting to such high voltages the power transformers are always vulnerable to high frequency surges generated either by the natural or external causes such as striking of lightning at its leading terminal or self generated over voltages within the system itself by the various switching operations and fault. Thus to avoid failures it is important to have adequate design consideration so that the heavy losses both in terms of economy and power interruption can be avoided. Therefore the insulation design is perhaps the most critical part invol...
2015 Conference on Power, Control, Communication and Computational Technologies for Sustainable Growth (PCCCTSG), 2015
Failure of high voltage bushing leading to partial or complete destruction of power transformer h... more Failure of high voltage bushing leading to partial or complete destruction of power transformer has been considered as severe event in the electrical power system. Apart from power distribution it has led to human tragedy in a number of sites. Transformer industry is concerned with such problems and hence several committees have discussed the phenomena. Amongst other reasons attributed to it, the failure of draw lead causing complete failure of bushing and insulation breakdown in paper insulation between aluminum foil and the core has been major cause at power plant. The present paper aims at formulating an electrical equivalent network comprising inductances, capacitances and resistances representing the bushing and draw lead. The voltage distribution in the annular region of draw lead and aluminum pipe supporting core of HV bushing is calculated using Electro Magnetic Transient Programme [EMTP] programmed for standard and fast impulse voltage surge. The analysis shows that higher ...
2017 IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI), 2017
In spite of availability of natural sources, still people are now sitting on the dark zone. Becau... more In spite of availability of natural sources, still people are now sitting on the dark zone. Because of the remote area, the grid networking system is very weak. As a result of which power stability may not be assured, which greatly effects to the day-today activities of the people in the reason. Fortunately, technology exist that can give the assurance of quality of electricity in an isolated area which is for away from the regular power network. The preset scenario is the coexistence of both AC and DC micro grids, because of the evolutions of different types of loads. The hybrid microgrid concept assume a cluster of different types of loads and distributed generatoroperating as a controllable system which maintain the quality of power and its stability to its local area. To make the world pollution free environment, renewable energy infrastructure is increasing particularly in the distribution network. It has the advantage that the power generated through distributed generation sys...
The present paper deals with the distribution of surge voltage along the paper layers of a capaci... more The present paper deals with the distribution of surge voltage along the paper layers of a capacitively graded oil insulated paper bushing of a high voltage transformer. Several layers of paper and foil are modeled in the form of distributed parameter. Since there are many capacitive layers appropriate number of sections are derived by lumping the distributed parameter in the form of series and parallel combination. The high voltage terminal is subjected to impulse and fast surge voltage and distribution in all layers are determined. The voltage drop in each layer and section is estimated and non linearity of distribution is obtained. The non- linear voltage distribution and consequently maximum electric stress is compared with the allowable voltage withstand stress. The comparison provides a basis for analysis of bushing failure in substations.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2018
Power supply to rural area has always been a major challenge due to their distance from the power... more Power supply to rural area has always been a major challenge due to their distance from the power generation plants. It is highly capital intensive to design and maintain long distance transmission line. Rural area with marginal or no axis to primary grid bar can get power supply from microgrid Fortunately, technology exist that can give the assurance of quality of electricity in an isolated area which is for away from the regular power network. The present scenario is the coexistence of both AC and DC micro grids, because of the evolutions of different types of loads. The hybrid microgrid concept assume a cluster of different types of loads and distributed generator operating as a controllable system which maintain the quality of power and its stability to its local area. Power system harmonics are caused due to certain highly nonlinear loads. These harmonics do have undesirable effect of the performance on the synchronous and induction machines, telephone interference, and power c...
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Papers by Prof Babita Nanda