International Journal on Applied Physics and Engineering
Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors have recently gained momentum. In this study, a fuel cell ... more Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors have recently gained momentum. In this study, a fuel cell stack, namely, a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), one of the promising renewable energy technologies, is chosen for a brushless DC motor. To improve the performance of PEMFC, an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm was applied to the DC/DC boost converter. To this end, the perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm were developed. This work proposes an adaptive controller proportional-integral (PI)-fuzzy logic speed for the BLDC. To evaluate its performance, the proposed controller was simulated under several conditions: load disturbance and reference speed variation. This controller is analyzed and compared with the classical PI controller. Therefore, the control performance parameters, such as rise time, settling time, steady-state error, and overshoot, were determined and compared. This system is analyzed and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 2017
This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sl... more This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sliding mode approach. This work is aimed at systems that are fed with a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The main objective is to act on the panel to ensure that the energy collected is always at its maximum. Because a PV panel frequently suffers from non-linearity of its P-V curves, we propose to work with MPPT controllers based on the first order sliding mode approach; indeed, this approach in general is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers. It has received much more attention within the last two decades, and many researchers are dealing with this type of robust controller to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented using a DSPACE DSP (digital signal processor) controller. To demonstrate the efficiency and the validity of the developed algorithm in real time, an experimental setup around a boost converte...
10th International Multi-Conferences on Systems, Signals & Devices 2013 (SSD13), 2013
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the power optimization problem in photovoltaic generators. Indeed ... more ABSTRACT This paper deals with the power optimization problem in photovoltaic generators. Indeed the nonlinear characteristic of photovoltaic generators [1], leads to search for a solution to track the maximum power provided by the PV array in order to exploit well the energy. A maximum power point tracking algorithm based on an approach called increment conductance control of photovoltaic systems is well detailed in this paper. It provides good performance against the different variation of climatic conditions and load. Simulation results prove that this algorithm can effectively attend the maximum photovoltaic power's production.
The photovoltaic energy is now considered as an important source of electricity and renewable ene... more The photovoltaic energy is now considered as an important source of electricity and renewable energy in general. However it is an unstable source of power since it presents a nonlinear current-power characteristic that depends on the variable climatic conditions as the illumination and the temperature. Consequently this leads to the variation of the maximum power point (MPP)’s position. Therefore, this work will deal with this problem of power optimization by using a robust technique called a high order sliding mode algorithm which is proposed to track the maximum power point in spite of model uncertainties and meteorology condition variations. A detailed description of the tracking approaches’ theoretical analysis is presented. The proposed MPP tracking algorithm has been validated through an extensive simulation work under MATLB/SIMULINK package. Based on the obtained results, we can note a great effectiveness in terms of output power optimization. Moreover, this new MPPT controll...
2020 17th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD), 2020
Green energy is selected for our systems like as fuel cell. This paper presents conventional Maxi... more Green energy is selected for our systems like as fuel cell. This paper presents conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The object is to keep the fuel cell (PEMFC) working at its maximum power point with inputs variation. A conventional strategy of MPPT controller based on P&O method is adopted. The system has of a PEM fuel cell, a BOOST converter and resistive load with MPPT control.
In this paper two algorithms of maximum power point tracking controller applied for photovoltaic ... more In this paper two algorithms of maximum power point tracking controller applied for photovoltaic power generation systems are presented, one classical and the other one is based on the principe of the sliding mode theory. A comparative study between the two controllers is applied to the photovoltaic system using different topologies of DC/DC converters based on boost, SEPIC and Ćuk converters. The performance comparison between the two controllers has been carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of MPPT controller based on the principe of sliding mode theory against change in working conditions. Matlab/simulation results show that both techniques give improved performance in a transient state, steady state and sliding controller gives better efficiency compared with PandO. In this work the SEPIC converter shows better operation than the boost and the Ćuk converter.
This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic system... more This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems, based on the first hand on fuzzy logic control and on the other hand on the first order sliding mode control. According to the nonlinear characteristic of photovoltaic array, it's necessary to find a solution to track the maximum power of the PV system in order to improve its efficiency. The fuzzy logic controller was presented in many works. It provides fast response and good performance against the climatic and load change and uses directly the DC/DC converter duty cycle as a control parameter. Moreover, the sliding mode control approach is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers it has been receiving much more attention within the last two decades and many research are dealing with this type of robust controllers. A detailed comparison between the fuzzy logic and slinging mode controllers was presented in this work. Simulation results show that the...
This paper presents a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm of a PV system under real cli... more This paper presents a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm of a PV system under real climatic conditions. The proposed MPPT is based on the perturbation and observation (P&O) strategy that control the load voltage to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented by a dSPACE DSP controller. The experimental results show that the PV power system, using the proposed MPPT algorithm, is able to accurately track maximum power points under variable irradiance and load variations. Keywords—photovoltaic system; P&O approach; MPPT controller; DC-DC converter, a dSPACE DSP controller.
This paper presents an analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a current-fed boost converter for PV... more This paper presents an analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a current-fed boost converter for PV applications with an MPPT algorithm. First, the model of the converter is derived. Simulation results using this model show that the system can exhibit period doubling bifurcation and subharmonic oscillation when some design parameters are varied. Then, the discrete-time modeling approach and Floquet theory is used to perform a stability analysis of the system periodic orbits, to explain the mechanism of losing their stability and to locate the stability limits in the parameter space. Based on the study, a design of the system free from the undesired subharmonic oscillation can be done. The theoretical results are validated by means of numerical simulations from the circuit-level switched model.
this paper presents three different approaches for improving and optimizing the control performan... more this paper presents three different approaches for improving and optimizing the control performance of a PV system, using the maximum power point tracking controller (MPPT) in order to uphold the PV panel operating at its maximum power point (MPP). This paper proposed the controlling of photovoltaic (PV) system by the use of three different methods: the first order sliding mode control (SMC) method, the adaptive - fuzzy logic control (FLC) method, and the ripple correlation control (RCC) algorithm. For this, the characterization of the photovoltaic system integrating the MPPT based on these three methods, the power interface (DC / DC) and the load (resistance) is achieved. Just as their models are developed under MATLAB / Simulink the MPPT controllers are developed. The obtained results under different operating conditions show the evaluation of the current study; these proposed MPPT algorithms have been implemented and compared in terms of their tracking speed, their accuracy and p...
Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 2017
This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sl... more This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sliding mode approach. This work is aimed at systems that are fed with a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The main objective is to act on the panel to ensure that the energy collected is always at its maximum. Because a PV panel frequently suffers from non-linearity of its P-V curves, we propose to work with MPPT controllers based on the first order sliding mode approach; indeed, this approach in general is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers. It has received much more attention within the last two decades, and many researchers are dealing with this type of robust controller to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented using a DSPACE DSP (digital signal processor) controller. To demonstrate the efficiency and the validity of the developed algorithm in real time, an experimental setup around a boost converter and a resistive load is experimentally studied and successfully implemented. The real-time validation and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the efficiency of PV array output under climatic variation and load change. It is a favorable algorithm that is easy to realize.
In this chapter we will deal with a comparative study between two control methods for maximum pow... more In this chapter we will deal with a comparative study between two control methods for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The two MPPT controllers considered in this chapter are: the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and the Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The MPPT controller based on the fuzzy-logic-algorithm uses directly the DC-DC converter duty cycle as a control variable and it provides a fast response and good performances against the climatic and load changes. The SMC exhibits a very fast response for tracking the maximum power point (MPP) for photovoltaic systems. The input parameters are the voltage and the current, the duty cycle is used to generate the optimal MPP under different operating conditions. Simulation results show that both algorithms can effectively perform the MPPT hence improving the efficiency of PV systems.
This chapter presents a PV system composed by a photovoltaic array connected to a DC-DC boost con... more This chapter presents a PV system composed by a photovoltaic array connected to a DC-DC boost converter with resistive load in order to extract the maximum power generated by the PV panel. This paper presents a model of photovoltaic (PV) system to investigate the P-V characteristics under varying irradiation and temperature conditions. The proposed photovoltaic model is used for evaluating the techniques of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). For this reason, a comparative study between two control methods for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms in photovoltaic (PV) systems is investigated and well presented. The two MPPT controllers presented in this work are: The Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and the Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The MPPT controller based on the fuzzy-logic-algorithm is considered as an intelligent technique and it uses directly the DC-DC converter duty cycle as a control variable and it provides a fast response and good performances against the climatic and load changes. The SMC presents, also a very good response for tracking the maximum power point (MPP) for photovoltaic systems. The input parameters that were considered are the voltage and the current. The duty cycle determined by the MPPT controller is used to generate the optimal MPP under different operating conditions. Simulation results show that both algorithms can effectively perform the MPPT hence improving the efficiency of PV systems and via the comparison it is possible to understand the advantages of every controller.
2015 IEEE 12th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD15), 2015
This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic system... more This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems, based on the first hand on fuzzy logic control and on the other hand on the first order sliding mode control. According to the nonlinear characteristic of photovoltaic array, it's necessary to find a solution to track the maximum power of the PV system in order to improve its efficiency. The fuzzy logic controller was presented in many works. It provides fast response and good performance against the climatic and load change and uses directly the DC/DC converter duty cycle as a control parameter. Moreover, the sliding mode control approach is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers it has been receiving much more attention within the last two decades and many research are dealing with this type of robust controllers. A detailed comparison between the fuzzy logic and slinging mode controllers was presented in this work. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can effectively improve the efficiency of a photovoltaic array output.
International Journal on Applied Physics and Engineering
Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors have recently gained momentum. In this study, a fuel cell ... more Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors have recently gained momentum. In this study, a fuel cell stack, namely, a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), one of the promising renewable energy technologies, is chosen for a brushless DC motor. To improve the performance of PEMFC, an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm was applied to the DC/DC boost converter. To this end, the perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm were developed. This work proposes an adaptive controller proportional-integral (PI)-fuzzy logic speed for the BLDC. To evaluate its performance, the proposed controller was simulated under several conditions: load disturbance and reference speed variation. This controller is analyzed and compared with the classical PI controller. Therefore, the control performance parameters, such as rise time, settling time, steady-state error, and overshoot, were determined and compared. This system is analyzed and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 2017
This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sl... more This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sliding mode approach. This work is aimed at systems that are fed with a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The main objective is to act on the panel to ensure that the energy collected is always at its maximum. Because a PV panel frequently suffers from non-linearity of its P-V curves, we propose to work with MPPT controllers based on the first order sliding mode approach; indeed, this approach in general is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers. It has received much more attention within the last two decades, and many researchers are dealing with this type of robust controller to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented using a DSPACE DSP (digital signal processor) controller. To demonstrate the efficiency and the validity of the developed algorithm in real time, an experimental setup around a boost converte...
10th International Multi-Conferences on Systems, Signals & Devices 2013 (SSD13), 2013
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the power optimization problem in photovoltaic generators. Indeed ... more ABSTRACT This paper deals with the power optimization problem in photovoltaic generators. Indeed the nonlinear characteristic of photovoltaic generators [1], leads to search for a solution to track the maximum power provided by the PV array in order to exploit well the energy. A maximum power point tracking algorithm based on an approach called increment conductance control of photovoltaic systems is well detailed in this paper. It provides good performance against the different variation of climatic conditions and load. Simulation results prove that this algorithm can effectively attend the maximum photovoltaic power's production.
The photovoltaic energy is now considered as an important source of electricity and renewable ene... more The photovoltaic energy is now considered as an important source of electricity and renewable energy in general. However it is an unstable source of power since it presents a nonlinear current-power characteristic that depends on the variable climatic conditions as the illumination and the temperature. Consequently this leads to the variation of the maximum power point (MPP)’s position. Therefore, this work will deal with this problem of power optimization by using a robust technique called a high order sliding mode algorithm which is proposed to track the maximum power point in spite of model uncertainties and meteorology condition variations. A detailed description of the tracking approaches’ theoretical analysis is presented. The proposed MPP tracking algorithm has been validated through an extensive simulation work under MATLB/SIMULINK package. Based on the obtained results, we can note a great effectiveness in terms of output power optimization. Moreover, this new MPPT controll...
2020 17th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD), 2020
Green energy is selected for our systems like as fuel cell. This paper presents conventional Maxi... more Green energy is selected for our systems like as fuel cell. This paper presents conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The object is to keep the fuel cell (PEMFC) working at its maximum power point with inputs variation. A conventional strategy of MPPT controller based on P&O method is adopted. The system has of a PEM fuel cell, a BOOST converter and resistive load with MPPT control.
In this paper two algorithms of maximum power point tracking controller applied for photovoltaic ... more In this paper two algorithms of maximum power point tracking controller applied for photovoltaic power generation systems are presented, one classical and the other one is based on the principe of the sliding mode theory. A comparative study between the two controllers is applied to the photovoltaic system using different topologies of DC/DC converters based on boost, SEPIC and Ćuk converters. The performance comparison between the two controllers has been carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of MPPT controller based on the principe of sliding mode theory against change in working conditions. Matlab/simulation results show that both techniques give improved performance in a transient state, steady state and sliding controller gives better efficiency compared with PandO. In this work the SEPIC converter shows better operation than the boost and the Ćuk converter.
This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic system... more This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems, based on the first hand on fuzzy logic control and on the other hand on the first order sliding mode control. According to the nonlinear characteristic of photovoltaic array, it's necessary to find a solution to track the maximum power of the PV system in order to improve its efficiency. The fuzzy logic controller was presented in many works. It provides fast response and good performance against the climatic and load change and uses directly the DC/DC converter duty cycle as a control parameter. Moreover, the sliding mode control approach is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers it has been receiving much more attention within the last two decades and many research are dealing with this type of robust controllers. A detailed comparison between the fuzzy logic and slinging mode controllers was presented in this work. Simulation results show that the...
This paper presents a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm of a PV system under real cli... more This paper presents a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm of a PV system under real climatic conditions. The proposed MPPT is based on the perturbation and observation (P&O) strategy that control the load voltage to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented by a dSPACE DSP controller. The experimental results show that the PV power system, using the proposed MPPT algorithm, is able to accurately track maximum power points under variable irradiance and load variations. Keywords—photovoltaic system; P&O approach; MPPT controller; DC-DC converter, a dSPACE DSP controller.
This paper presents an analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a current-fed boost converter for PV... more This paper presents an analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of a current-fed boost converter for PV applications with an MPPT algorithm. First, the model of the converter is derived. Simulation results using this model show that the system can exhibit period doubling bifurcation and subharmonic oscillation when some design parameters are varied. Then, the discrete-time modeling approach and Floquet theory is used to perform a stability analysis of the system periodic orbits, to explain the mechanism of losing their stability and to locate the stability limits in the parameter space. Based on the study, a design of the system free from the undesired subharmonic oscillation can be done. The theoretical results are validated by means of numerical simulations from the circuit-level switched model.
this paper presents three different approaches for improving and optimizing the control performan... more this paper presents three different approaches for improving and optimizing the control performance of a PV system, using the maximum power point tracking controller (MPPT) in order to uphold the PV panel operating at its maximum power point (MPP). This paper proposed the controlling of photovoltaic (PV) system by the use of three different methods: the first order sliding mode control (SMC) method, the adaptive - fuzzy logic control (FLC) method, and the ripple correlation control (RCC) algorithm. For this, the characterization of the photovoltaic system integrating the MPPT based on these three methods, the power interface (DC / DC) and the load (resistance) is achieved. Just as their models are developed under MATLAB / Simulink the MPPT controllers are developed. The obtained results under different operating conditions show the evaluation of the current study; these proposed MPPT algorithms have been implemented and compared in terms of their tracking speed, their accuracy and p...
Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 2017
This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sl... more This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sliding mode approach. This work is aimed at systems that are fed with a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The main objective is to act on the panel to ensure that the energy collected is always at its maximum. Because a PV panel frequently suffers from non-linearity of its P-V curves, we propose to work with MPPT controllers based on the first order sliding mode approach; indeed, this approach in general is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers. It has received much more attention within the last two decades, and many researchers are dealing with this type of robust controller to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented using a DSPACE DSP (digital signal processor) controller. To demonstrate the efficiency and the validity of the developed algorithm in real time, an experimental setup around a boost converter and a resistive load is experimentally studied and successfully implemented. The real-time validation and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the efficiency of PV array output under climatic variation and load change. It is a favorable algorithm that is easy to realize.
In this chapter we will deal with a comparative study between two control methods for maximum pow... more In this chapter we will deal with a comparative study between two control methods for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The two MPPT controllers considered in this chapter are: the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and the Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The MPPT controller based on the fuzzy-logic-algorithm uses directly the DC-DC converter duty cycle as a control variable and it provides a fast response and good performances against the climatic and load changes. The SMC exhibits a very fast response for tracking the maximum power point (MPP) for photovoltaic systems. The input parameters are the voltage and the current, the duty cycle is used to generate the optimal MPP under different operating conditions. Simulation results show that both algorithms can effectively perform the MPPT hence improving the efficiency of PV systems.
This chapter presents a PV system composed by a photovoltaic array connected to a DC-DC boost con... more This chapter presents a PV system composed by a photovoltaic array connected to a DC-DC boost converter with resistive load in order to extract the maximum power generated by the PV panel. This paper presents a model of photovoltaic (PV) system to investigate the P-V characteristics under varying irradiation and temperature conditions. The proposed photovoltaic model is used for evaluating the techniques of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). For this reason, a comparative study between two control methods for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms in photovoltaic (PV) systems is investigated and well presented. The two MPPT controllers presented in this work are: The Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and the Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The MPPT controller based on the fuzzy-logic-algorithm is considered as an intelligent technique and it uses directly the DC-DC converter duty cycle as a control variable and it provides a fast response and good performances against the climatic and load changes. The SMC presents, also a very good response for tracking the maximum power point (MPP) for photovoltaic systems. The input parameters that were considered are the voltage and the current. The duty cycle determined by the MPPT controller is used to generate the optimal MPP under different operating conditions. Simulation results show that both algorithms can effectively perform the MPPT hence improving the efficiency of PV systems and via the comparison it is possible to understand the advantages of every controller.
2015 IEEE 12th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD15), 2015
This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic system... more This paper proposes two methods of maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems, based on the first hand on fuzzy logic control and on the other hand on the first order sliding mode control. According to the nonlinear characteristic of photovoltaic array, it's necessary to find a solution to track the maximum power of the PV system in order to improve its efficiency. The fuzzy logic controller was presented in many works. It provides fast response and good performance against the climatic and load change and uses directly the DC/DC converter duty cycle as a control parameter. Moreover, the sliding mode control approach is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers it has been receiving much more attention within the last two decades and many research are dealing with this type of robust controllers. A detailed comparison between the fuzzy logic and slinging mode controllers was presented in this work. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can effectively improve the efficiency of a photovoltaic array output.
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Papers by Radhia Garraoui