Une étude concernant le potentiel de valorisation agronomique du tourteau de Jatropha curcas en a... more Une étude concernant le potentiel de valorisation agronomique du tourteau de Jatropha curcas en agriculture pluviale a été menée au cours des campagnes agricoles 2009 et 2010 dans la station expérimentale de l'ICRISAT à Sadoré/Niger. Les objectifs de cette recherche étaient de mesurer les variations de la production de graines et de paille du mil (variété HKP) sur des parcelles amendées à chaque début de campagne agricole avec trois doses de tourteau de J. curcas (2,5 t.ha 1 , 5 t.ha 1 , 10 t.ha 1) en comparaison avec la dose recommandée de 60 kg.ha 1 d'engrais NPK (1515 15). Le dispositif expérimental était constitué de blocs complètement randomisés. Les paramètres observés au cours des deux campagnes de production concernaient les rendements en grains et en paille, et le nombre d'épis arrivant à maturité. Ils ont permis de calculer l'efficience des différentes doses de tourteau de J. curcas. Les résultats des deux campagnes de production ont montré que les re...
To ensure sustainable increase in agricultural productivities of small holder farmers in West Afr... more To ensure sustainable increase in agricultural productivities of small holder farmers in West Africa, Agricultural Scientists have developed varieties of component crops. Nutrient management options combining inorganic and organic fertilizer in different dosages have been developed. The research institutes are collaborating with extension outfits, development partners and key stakeholders to disseminate these technologies to farmers and provide market and financial linkages. On farm grain and fodder yields advantage of 20 to 50 % were recorded by participating farmers. P fertilizer application on legumes increased yield 26 to 62 %. Increase in plant hill population from 8,889 hills/ha led to corresponding increase in millet yield by 48 %. Cultivation of improved varieties coupled with fertilizer application and appropriate plant hill population will increase productivities of smallholder farmers in the semi arid West Africa.
Key research activities: Mechanized power and its role in feeding both humans and animals more ef... more Key research activities: Mechanized power and its role in feeding both humans and animals more efficiently have long been neglected in West African agriculture. ICRISAT along with its partners are taking corrective action. Key research activities were to make the farmers aware about the technology of chopping green and dry fodder for optimum and efficient utilization of CR using a machine and its cost benefit of technology and To identify a local fabricator to innovate it as per Malian situation.
West ond Central Afnca (WCA) account for almosl 70% of groundnut production in Africa playing an ... more West ond Central Afnca (WCA) account for almosl 70% of groundnut production in Africa playing an important role to farmers' livelihood and signfically contributes to the export sector of the countries in the region.However, the productivity in the region is limited due to many factors includmg biotic and abiotic constraints...
Smallholder farming systems in semi-arid regions are characterized by poor soil fertility and low... more Smallholder farming systems in semi-arid regions are characterized by poor soil fertility and low agricultural input use.
Climate change has resulted in food insecurity for the majority of farming communities in the Sud... more Climate change has resulted in food insecurity for the majority of farming communities in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Mali. In this paper, we present a methodology for scaling climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies such as Contour Bunding (CB), Microdosing (MD), Intercropping (IC), Zaï pits, and Adapted crop Variety (AV) treatments, and evaluated their contribution to smallholder households’ food self-sufficiency. We used the participatory technology selection method and on-farm demonstration in order to tackle farm-related constraints. The study found that there has been a major shift in the spatial distribution of land use/land cover (LULC) classes between 2016 and 2020. About 25% of the areas changed from other land use/land cover to cropland. Crop yields obtained from CSA-treated fields were significantly higher than yields from farmers’ practice (FP). The application of CSA technologies resulted in millet yield increases by 51%, 35%, and 23% with contour bunding (CB), mic...
A major constraint to agricultural productivity is the amount of rainfall and its intra and inter... more A major constraint to agricultural productivity is the amount of rainfall and its intra and inter-annual variability. The rainy season is short and varies in length, with the number of rainy days varying from year to year. High evaporation losses (up to 50% of annual rainfall) results in soil water shortage during the growing season, when rains are erratic. Hence water scarcity is rampant heightening the risk of agricultural productivity. Farmers have little control over the environment and they mostly can neither irrigate nor drain excess water. As an effort to improve agricultural productivity through water availability in different seasons, a study was conducted to understand the recharging capacity of shallow wells in different seasons in southern Mali...
Traditional farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa depend primarily on mining soil nutrients. The ... more Traditional farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa depend primarily on mining soil nutrients. The African green revolution aims to intensify agriculture through the dissemination of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM). This paper develops a robust and operational definition of ISFM based on detailed knowledge of African farming systems and their inherent variability and of the optimal use of nutrients. The authors define ISFM as a set of soil fertility management practices that necessarily include the use of fertilizer, organic inputs and improved germplasm, combined with the knowledge on how to adapt these practices to local conditions, aimed at maximizing agronomic use efficiency of the applied nutrients and improving crop productivity. All inputs need to be managed in accordance with sound agronomic principles. The integration of ISFM practices into farming systems is illustrated with the dual-purpose grain legume–maize rotations in the savannas and fertilizer micro-dosing...
Spend your time even for only few minutes to read a book. Reading a book will never reduce and wa... more Spend your time even for only few minutes to read a book. Reading a book will never reduce and waste your time to be useless. Reading, for some people become a need that is to do every day such as spending time for eating. Now, what about you? Do you like to read a book? Now, we will show you a new book enPDFd sorghum hybrid seed production and management that can be a new way to explore the knowledge. When reading this book, you can get one thing to always remember in every reading time, even step by step.
The USAID TARGET project on fertilizer micro-dosing for the prosperity of small-scale farmers in ... more The USAID TARGET project on fertilizer micro-dosing for the prosperity of small-scale farmers in the Sahel was launched in three countries of West Africa, namely Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. The goal of the project is to double the crop production and increase the farm incomes through the uptake of fertilizer micro-dosing technology and better farmer-based cooperative organizations. In all the three countries where the technology is being promoted, yields of sorghum and millet increased twofold in most cases, and the farmers have reported increase in incomes. To achieve the overall objective of the project, proven fertilizer micro-dosing technologies together with the "warrafitage " or inventory credit system should be transferred to a large number of end users in areas targeted by the project. It is essential to build the capacity of project partners. In this context, a workshop on "large-scale transfer of fertilizer micro-dosing technologies" was organized in ...
The objective of this work is to improve production systems based on sorghum and pearl millet in ... more The objective of this work is to improve production systems based on sorghum and pearl millet in the Mopti and Sikasso regions of Mali, by strengthening research and development partnerships for large-scale utilization of proven technologies with potential for improving nutrition, benefiting women and children, and enhancing the sustainability of smallholder agriculture. At the farm level, the focus has been to improve production by increasing access to selected new technologies, and enhancing awareness and ‘knowhow’ for the use of existing technologies to enhance sorghum and millet production. In the Mopti and Sikasso regions of Mali, the major technologies targeted for dissemination include: i) the use of seed treatment such as Apron Star 42WS, ii) seed of improved varieties of pearl millet, sorghum (both hybrid and open pollinated varieties), groundnut and cowpea adapted to the Sahelian environmental conditions, iii) integrated Striga and soil-fertility management practices; and ...
The Research Program-West and Central Africa is structured around four (4) research themes: 1.) C... more The Research Program-West and Central Africa is structured around four (4) research themes: 1.) Crop Improvement; 2.) Integrated Crop Management; 3.) Systems Research; and 4.) Policy and Impact. The presentations addressed these four themes, highlighting key achievements and focusing on perspectives and areas of collaboration within and across the three regions (Asia, ESA and WCA) and also with key stakeholders within our mandate areas. Partnership is crucial in delivering on our goal and objectives. We therefore pursue our efforts of strengthening partnership and collaboration. Resource mobilization has received due attention in the past few years. We have constituted various consortia comprising CG centers and IARCs (IITA, ILRI, ICRAF, World Vegetable Center), NARS, private sector, regional organizations (e.g. CORAF) to respond to large calls from USAID-Mali and Niger; the Government of the Netherlands (Dryland Sahel Program-DryDev- 2); with support from SMC/HQ and using the servi...
Sorghum cv. ICSV 400, ICSV 247, ICSV 111 and Local were grown in 9 villages (3 in each of Jigawa,... more Sorghum cv. ICSV 400, ICSV 247, ICSV 111 and Local were grown in 9 villages (3 in each of Jigawa, Kano and Katsina states) in N. Nigeria. Overall mean grain yields were 1.21, 1.20, 1.30 and 0.89 t/ha in the genotypes as listed. Net returns were higher in the improved cultivars.
Pigeonpea is a multipurpose legume crop thai provides food, fuelwood, and fodder for small-scale ... more Pigeonpea is a multipurpose legume crop thai provides food, fuelwood, and fodder for small-scale farmers in subsistence agriculture. Il also enhances soil fertility through its leaf drop. Liltle seems to be known about production levels in Nigeria, and there has not been a systematic attempt to'evaluate production practices, constraints, and utilization of the crop. Surveys were therefore conducted in Oct 1991. Nov/Dcc 1992, and Jan/Feb 1993 to identify pigeonpea production areas and practices, as well as uses of the crop, and changes needed for improving production.....
This research was carried out in three agro-climatic regions of Mali (Mopti, Koulikoro and Sikass... more This research was carried out in three agro-climatic regions of Mali (Mopti, Koulikoro and Sikasso) to assess contour bunding technology (CBT) for improved land and water management. Reference was made to existing literature and field surveys were conducted following georeferencing and quantification of existing land and water management technologies. Farmers’ perceptions towards the use of the most commonly applied technologies were assessed. Results indicate that CBT is widely adopted in farmers’ fields to improve the management of land and water resources. CBT was first introduced in 1993 by the Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER) in Mali and Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement (CIRAD). Up until 2013 the total area of farmland covered with CBT in the three regions was1750 ha. There is a lot of variation in CBT distribution across the three regions with the implication that its adoption increases when the production system is more favou...
Incidence of stem borers (Sesamia poephaga, S. calamistis, an unidentified Sesamia sp. and Eldana... more Incidence of stem borers (Sesamia poephaga, S. calamistis, an unidentified Sesamia sp. and Eldana saccharina) on post-rainy season-transplanted sorghum on 9 farms was often quite high, ranging from 10% at Zigi Chokrai in Chad to 100% at Maltam and Fokotol in Cameroon. Damage symptoms are described. The percentage of larvae and pupae from which natural enemies emerged was low (less than 1%). The parasitoids recorded were Sturmiopsis inferens, Pediobius amaurocoela and Apanteles sesamiae [Cotesia sesamiae], while Nesolynx phaeosoma was recorded as a hyperparasitoid of C. sesamiae.
Une étude concernant le potentiel de valorisation agronomique du tourteau de Jatropha curcas en a... more Une étude concernant le potentiel de valorisation agronomique du tourteau de Jatropha curcas en agriculture pluviale a été menée au cours des campagnes agricoles 2009 et 2010 dans la station expérimentale de l'ICRISAT à Sadoré/Niger. Les objectifs de cette recherche étaient de mesurer les variations de la production de graines et de paille du mil (variété HKP) sur des parcelles amendées à chaque début de campagne agricole avec trois doses de tourteau de J. curcas (2,5 t.ha 1 , 5 t.ha 1 , 10 t.ha 1) en comparaison avec la dose recommandée de 60 kg.ha 1 d'engrais NPK (1515 15). Le dispositif expérimental était constitué de blocs complètement randomisés. Les paramètres observés au cours des deux campagnes de production concernaient les rendements en grains et en paille, et le nombre d'épis arrivant à maturité. Ils ont permis de calculer l'efficience des différentes doses de tourteau de J. curcas. Les résultats des deux campagnes de production ont montré que les re...
To ensure sustainable increase in agricultural productivities of small holder farmers in West Afr... more To ensure sustainable increase in agricultural productivities of small holder farmers in West Africa, Agricultural Scientists have developed varieties of component crops. Nutrient management options combining inorganic and organic fertilizer in different dosages have been developed. The research institutes are collaborating with extension outfits, development partners and key stakeholders to disseminate these technologies to farmers and provide market and financial linkages. On farm grain and fodder yields advantage of 20 to 50 % were recorded by participating farmers. P fertilizer application on legumes increased yield 26 to 62 %. Increase in plant hill population from 8,889 hills/ha led to corresponding increase in millet yield by 48 %. Cultivation of improved varieties coupled with fertilizer application and appropriate plant hill population will increase productivities of smallholder farmers in the semi arid West Africa.
Key research activities: Mechanized power and its role in feeding both humans and animals more ef... more Key research activities: Mechanized power and its role in feeding both humans and animals more efficiently have long been neglected in West African agriculture. ICRISAT along with its partners are taking corrective action. Key research activities were to make the farmers aware about the technology of chopping green and dry fodder for optimum and efficient utilization of CR using a machine and its cost benefit of technology and To identify a local fabricator to innovate it as per Malian situation.
West ond Central Afnca (WCA) account for almosl 70% of groundnut production in Africa playing an ... more West ond Central Afnca (WCA) account for almosl 70% of groundnut production in Africa playing an important role to farmers' livelihood and signfically contributes to the export sector of the countries in the region.However, the productivity in the region is limited due to many factors includmg biotic and abiotic constraints...
Smallholder farming systems in semi-arid regions are characterized by poor soil fertility and low... more Smallholder farming systems in semi-arid regions are characterized by poor soil fertility and low agricultural input use.
Climate change has resulted in food insecurity for the majority of farming communities in the Sud... more Climate change has resulted in food insecurity for the majority of farming communities in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Mali. In this paper, we present a methodology for scaling climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies such as Contour Bunding (CB), Microdosing (MD), Intercropping (IC), Zaï pits, and Adapted crop Variety (AV) treatments, and evaluated their contribution to smallholder households’ food self-sufficiency. We used the participatory technology selection method and on-farm demonstration in order to tackle farm-related constraints. The study found that there has been a major shift in the spatial distribution of land use/land cover (LULC) classes between 2016 and 2020. About 25% of the areas changed from other land use/land cover to cropland. Crop yields obtained from CSA-treated fields were significantly higher than yields from farmers’ practice (FP). The application of CSA technologies resulted in millet yield increases by 51%, 35%, and 23% with contour bunding (CB), mic...
A major constraint to agricultural productivity is the amount of rainfall and its intra and inter... more A major constraint to agricultural productivity is the amount of rainfall and its intra and inter-annual variability. The rainy season is short and varies in length, with the number of rainy days varying from year to year. High evaporation losses (up to 50% of annual rainfall) results in soil water shortage during the growing season, when rains are erratic. Hence water scarcity is rampant heightening the risk of agricultural productivity. Farmers have little control over the environment and they mostly can neither irrigate nor drain excess water. As an effort to improve agricultural productivity through water availability in different seasons, a study was conducted to understand the recharging capacity of shallow wells in different seasons in southern Mali...
Traditional farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa depend primarily on mining soil nutrients. The ... more Traditional farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa depend primarily on mining soil nutrients. The African green revolution aims to intensify agriculture through the dissemination of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM). This paper develops a robust and operational definition of ISFM based on detailed knowledge of African farming systems and their inherent variability and of the optimal use of nutrients. The authors define ISFM as a set of soil fertility management practices that necessarily include the use of fertilizer, organic inputs and improved germplasm, combined with the knowledge on how to adapt these practices to local conditions, aimed at maximizing agronomic use efficiency of the applied nutrients and improving crop productivity. All inputs need to be managed in accordance with sound agronomic principles. The integration of ISFM practices into farming systems is illustrated with the dual-purpose grain legume–maize rotations in the savannas and fertilizer micro-dosing...
Spend your time even for only few minutes to read a book. Reading a book will never reduce and wa... more Spend your time even for only few minutes to read a book. Reading a book will never reduce and waste your time to be useless. Reading, for some people become a need that is to do every day such as spending time for eating. Now, what about you? Do you like to read a book? Now, we will show you a new book enPDFd sorghum hybrid seed production and management that can be a new way to explore the knowledge. When reading this book, you can get one thing to always remember in every reading time, even step by step.
The USAID TARGET project on fertilizer micro-dosing for the prosperity of small-scale farmers in ... more The USAID TARGET project on fertilizer micro-dosing for the prosperity of small-scale farmers in the Sahel was launched in three countries of West Africa, namely Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. The goal of the project is to double the crop production and increase the farm incomes through the uptake of fertilizer micro-dosing technology and better farmer-based cooperative organizations. In all the three countries where the technology is being promoted, yields of sorghum and millet increased twofold in most cases, and the farmers have reported increase in incomes. To achieve the overall objective of the project, proven fertilizer micro-dosing technologies together with the "warrafitage " or inventory credit system should be transferred to a large number of end users in areas targeted by the project. It is essential to build the capacity of project partners. In this context, a workshop on "large-scale transfer of fertilizer micro-dosing technologies" was organized in ...
The objective of this work is to improve production systems based on sorghum and pearl millet in ... more The objective of this work is to improve production systems based on sorghum and pearl millet in the Mopti and Sikasso regions of Mali, by strengthening research and development partnerships for large-scale utilization of proven technologies with potential for improving nutrition, benefiting women and children, and enhancing the sustainability of smallholder agriculture. At the farm level, the focus has been to improve production by increasing access to selected new technologies, and enhancing awareness and ‘knowhow’ for the use of existing technologies to enhance sorghum and millet production. In the Mopti and Sikasso regions of Mali, the major technologies targeted for dissemination include: i) the use of seed treatment such as Apron Star 42WS, ii) seed of improved varieties of pearl millet, sorghum (both hybrid and open pollinated varieties), groundnut and cowpea adapted to the Sahelian environmental conditions, iii) integrated Striga and soil-fertility management practices; and ...
The Research Program-West and Central Africa is structured around four (4) research themes: 1.) C... more The Research Program-West and Central Africa is structured around four (4) research themes: 1.) Crop Improvement; 2.) Integrated Crop Management; 3.) Systems Research; and 4.) Policy and Impact. The presentations addressed these four themes, highlighting key achievements and focusing on perspectives and areas of collaboration within and across the three regions (Asia, ESA and WCA) and also with key stakeholders within our mandate areas. Partnership is crucial in delivering on our goal and objectives. We therefore pursue our efforts of strengthening partnership and collaboration. Resource mobilization has received due attention in the past few years. We have constituted various consortia comprising CG centers and IARCs (IITA, ILRI, ICRAF, World Vegetable Center), NARS, private sector, regional organizations (e.g. CORAF) to respond to large calls from USAID-Mali and Niger; the Government of the Netherlands (Dryland Sahel Program-DryDev- 2); with support from SMC/HQ and using the servi...
Sorghum cv. ICSV 400, ICSV 247, ICSV 111 and Local were grown in 9 villages (3 in each of Jigawa,... more Sorghum cv. ICSV 400, ICSV 247, ICSV 111 and Local were grown in 9 villages (3 in each of Jigawa, Kano and Katsina states) in N. Nigeria. Overall mean grain yields were 1.21, 1.20, 1.30 and 0.89 t/ha in the genotypes as listed. Net returns were higher in the improved cultivars.
Pigeonpea is a multipurpose legume crop thai provides food, fuelwood, and fodder for small-scale ... more Pigeonpea is a multipurpose legume crop thai provides food, fuelwood, and fodder for small-scale farmers in subsistence agriculture. Il also enhances soil fertility through its leaf drop. Liltle seems to be known about production levels in Nigeria, and there has not been a systematic attempt to'evaluate production practices, constraints, and utilization of the crop. Surveys were therefore conducted in Oct 1991. Nov/Dcc 1992, and Jan/Feb 1993 to identify pigeonpea production areas and practices, as well as uses of the crop, and changes needed for improving production.....
This research was carried out in three agro-climatic regions of Mali (Mopti, Koulikoro and Sikass... more This research was carried out in three agro-climatic regions of Mali (Mopti, Koulikoro and Sikasso) to assess contour bunding technology (CBT) for improved land and water management. Reference was made to existing literature and field surveys were conducted following georeferencing and quantification of existing land and water management technologies. Farmers’ perceptions towards the use of the most commonly applied technologies were assessed. Results indicate that CBT is widely adopted in farmers’ fields to improve the management of land and water resources. CBT was first introduced in 1993 by the Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER) in Mali and Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement (CIRAD). Up until 2013 the total area of farmland covered with CBT in the three regions was1750 ha. There is a lot of variation in CBT distribution across the three regions with the implication that its adoption increases when the production system is more favou...
Incidence of stem borers (Sesamia poephaga, S. calamistis, an unidentified Sesamia sp. and Eldana... more Incidence of stem borers (Sesamia poephaga, S. calamistis, an unidentified Sesamia sp. and Eldana saccharina) on post-rainy season-transplanted sorghum on 9 farms was often quite high, ranging from 10% at Zigi Chokrai in Chad to 100% at Maltam and Fokotol in Cameroon. Damage symptoms are described. The percentage of larvae and pupae from which natural enemies emerged was low (less than 1%). The parasitoids recorded were Sturmiopsis inferens, Pediobius amaurocoela and Apanteles sesamiae [Cotesia sesamiae], while Nesolynx phaeosoma was recorded as a hyperparasitoid of C. sesamiae.
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