The influence of the maternal thyroid status on the fetal and neonatal myocardial protein, carboh... more The influence of the maternal thyroid status on the fetal and neonatal myocardial protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was studied in rats. The neonates born of hypothyroid mothers could not survive beyond 8 days after birth. The offsprings born of hypothyroid mothers showed growth retardation, decreased level of heart mitochondrial protein, reduced myocardial free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation at birth and afterwards, low glucose oxidation by the heart at later fetal stages, and afterwards, despite low heart glycogen reserve, glucose oxidation was high. The offsprings born of hyperthyroid mothers showed stimulation in overall growth, increased myocardial FFA oxidation and increased 14C-glucose incorporation into glycogen as well as increased myocardial glucose oxidation during fetal stages. Results indicate that maternal thyroid hormones play an important role in the metabolic control of fetuses and neonates.
Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., Elaeagnaceae), growing at high altitude of 2500-4000 m, is... more Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., Elaeagnaceae), growing at high altitude of 2500-4000 m, is a dwarf to tall (2-5m) plant whereas Rhodiola (Rhodiola imbricata Edgew, Crassulaceae), known as golden root, is a perennial herb growing on rocky slopes in drier areas of Western Himalaya at an altitude of 4000-5000 m. Both the medicinal plants contain wide range of bioactive substances and used in traditional medicines. Heavy metal toxicity of herbal preparations is of major concern. The concentrations of heavy metals (As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in the aqueous extracts of Seabuckthorn leaf and berries, and Rhodiola roots and compared with the maximum permissible values. The studied heavy metal concentrations in aqueous extracts of both the plant products, except chromium, were below the maximum permissible values. The chromium levels in vacuum dried aqueous extract of dried Rhodiola roots and lyophilized aqueous extract of dried Seabuck...
Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the adaptogenic activity of aqueous fruit e... more Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the adaptogenic activity of aqueous fruit extract of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) in rats simulated to high altitude conditions along with its toxicity studies. In one of the studies, various doses 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mg/kg of extract were administered in rats 30 minutes prior to cold (5°C)–hypoxia (428 mmHg)–restraint (C-H-R) exposure. The maximal effective adaptogenic dose of the extract was observed to be 75 mg/kg body weight. In a second study, biochemical studies related to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of rats exposed to C-H-R alone or in presence of extract were examined. The supplementation of extract attenuated the changes in levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione, and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase on attaining Trec 23°C during C-H-R exposure and on recovery to Trec 37°C. In another study, the safety of extract in experim...
Cerebral edema caused by vascular leakage is a major problem in various injuries of the CNS, such... more Cerebral edema caused by vascular leakage is a major problem in various injuries of the CNS, such as stroke, head injury and high-altitude illness. A common feature of all these disorders is the fact that they are associated with tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia has been suggested to be a major pathogenic factor for the induction of vascular leakage in the brain. The objective of the present study was to evaluate potential of seabuckthorn (SBT) (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seed oil in curtailing hypoxia induced transvascular fluid leakage in brain of hypoxia-exposed rats. Exposure of animals to hypobaric hypoxia (9144 m, 5h) caused a significant increase in the transvascular leakage studied by measuring water content and leakage of sodium fluorescein dye in the brain. Hypoxic stress also significantly enhanced the oxidative stress markers such as free radicals and malondialdehyde and it accompanied with decreased levels of antioxidants such as glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Pretreatment of animals with SBT seed oil significantly restricted the hypoxia induced increase in fluorescein dye leakage suggesting protection against hypoxia induced transvascular leakage in the brain. Hypoxia induced increase in the levels of free radicals and malondialdehyde were significantly lowered after SBT pretreatment. The SBT seed oil pretreatment also resulted in the significantly improved hypoxic tolerance as evidenced by increased hypoxic gasping time and survival time and decreased plasma catecholamine levels, as compared to hypoxic animals. These observations suggest that SBT seed oil possesses significant hypoxia protection activity and curtailed hypoxia induced enhanced vascular leakage in the brain.
The influence of the maternal thyroid status on the fetal and neonatal myocardial protein, carboh... more The influence of the maternal thyroid status on the fetal and neonatal myocardial protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was studied in rats. The neonates born of hypothyroid mothers could not survive beyond 8 days after birth. The offsprings born of hypothyroid mothers showed growth retardation, decreased level of heart mitochondrial protein, reduced myocardial free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation at birth and afterwards, low glucose oxidation by the heart at later fetal stages, and afterwards, despite low heart glycogen reserve, glucose oxidation was high. The offsprings born of hyperthyroid mothers showed stimulation in overall growth, increased myocardial FFA oxidation and increased 14C-glucose incorporation into glycogen as well as increased myocardial glucose oxidation during fetal stages. Results indicate that maternal thyroid hormones play an important role in the metabolic control of fetuses and neonates.
Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., Elaeagnaceae), growing at high altitude of 2500-4000 m, is... more Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., Elaeagnaceae), growing at high altitude of 2500-4000 m, is a dwarf to tall (2-5m) plant whereas Rhodiola (Rhodiola imbricata Edgew, Crassulaceae), known as golden root, is a perennial herb growing on rocky slopes in drier areas of Western Himalaya at an altitude of 4000-5000 m. Both the medicinal plants contain wide range of bioactive substances and used in traditional medicines. Heavy metal toxicity of herbal preparations is of major concern. The concentrations of heavy metals (As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in the aqueous extracts of Seabuckthorn leaf and berries, and Rhodiola roots and compared with the maximum permissible values. The studied heavy metal concentrations in aqueous extracts of both the plant products, except chromium, were below the maximum permissible values. The chromium levels in vacuum dried aqueous extract of dried Rhodiola roots and lyophilized aqueous extract of dried Seabuck...
Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the adaptogenic activity of aqueous fruit e... more Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the adaptogenic activity of aqueous fruit extract of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) in rats simulated to high altitude conditions along with its toxicity studies. In one of the studies, various doses 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mg/kg of extract were administered in rats 30 minutes prior to cold (5°C)–hypoxia (428 mmHg)–restraint (C-H-R) exposure. The maximal effective adaptogenic dose of the extract was observed to be 75 mg/kg body weight. In a second study, biochemical studies related to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of rats exposed to C-H-R alone or in presence of extract were examined. The supplementation of extract attenuated the changes in levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione, and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase on attaining Trec 23°C during C-H-R exposure and on recovery to Trec 37°C. In another study, the safety of extract in experim...
Cerebral edema caused by vascular leakage is a major problem in various injuries of the CNS, such... more Cerebral edema caused by vascular leakage is a major problem in various injuries of the CNS, such as stroke, head injury and high-altitude illness. A common feature of all these disorders is the fact that they are associated with tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia has been suggested to be a major pathogenic factor for the induction of vascular leakage in the brain. The objective of the present study was to evaluate potential of seabuckthorn (SBT) (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seed oil in curtailing hypoxia induced transvascular fluid leakage in brain of hypoxia-exposed rats. Exposure of animals to hypobaric hypoxia (9144 m, 5h) caused a significant increase in the transvascular leakage studied by measuring water content and leakage of sodium fluorescein dye in the brain. Hypoxic stress also significantly enhanced the oxidative stress markers such as free radicals and malondialdehyde and it accompanied with decreased levels of antioxidants such as glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Pretreatment of animals with SBT seed oil significantly restricted the hypoxia induced increase in fluorescein dye leakage suggesting protection against hypoxia induced transvascular leakage in the brain. Hypoxia induced increase in the levels of free radicals and malondialdehyde were significantly lowered after SBT pretreatment. The SBT seed oil pretreatment also resulted in the significantly improved hypoxic tolerance as evidenced by increased hypoxic gasping time and survival time and decreased plasma catecholamine levels, as compared to hypoxic animals. These observations suggest that SBT seed oil possesses significant hypoxia protection activity and curtailed hypoxia induced enhanced vascular leakage in the brain.
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