In the scientific literature, the financial autonomy (FA) of rural municipalities has been referr... more In the scientific literature, the financial autonomy (FA) of rural municipalities has been referred to as a complex and dynamic phenomenon. Its manifestation has been claimed to depend on a variety of externalities and internalities of the local government. Rural municipalities occupy a significant share of the geographical space of the European Union and are very diverse. Hence, the manifestation of autonomy of the local government and possibilities for improvement of the FA in the rural areas are specific for each country and are characterised by their diversity and complexity. The issue of improvement of the FA has become of particularly topical interest in the context of regional and rural development in recent years. It has become increasingly relevant in autonomous and sustainable decision-making and implementation by the local governments as well as in the search for sustainable financial resources in spatial terms. Research aim: to develop the recommendations on improvement ...
Mixed-species forests are getting a new forest management paradigm. This study aims to answer the... more Mixed-species forests are getting a new forest management paradigm. This study aims to answer the question how does Tree Species Richness affects the Stand Stability and Volume in mixed stands? This study was performed in south-west Lithuania. Field surveys were conducted using 586 systematically dispersed circular plots (500m2 ) in mature stands. Per plot we recorded 1-10 tree species. Stand stability was estimated by mortality, recorded with the presence of fresh deadwood. Tree species richness and the volume of shade tolerant species showed no clear association with stand volume. Stand age and stand density show strong positive effect. Tree species richness was positively associated with the proportion of fresh deadwood, i.e. diverse stand with more tree species showed less stability. Finally, the proportion of shade tolerant tree species showed strong positive impact to stand stability. A.glutinosa showed highest preference in formation of pure stands, F.excelsior, S.caprea, A.p...
Tree growth is sensitive to soil pH in urban areas and is often higher than in rural forest. Howe... more Tree growth is sensitive to soil pH in urban areas and is often higher than in rural forest. However, there are knowledge gaps on how soil pH and alkalization are affected by urban environments and seasonal climate as well as the cascading effects on tree species. In order to fulfill these gaps, we analyzed the soil pHCaCl of four common native deciduous tree species: Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Quercus robur and Betula pendula in five different types of urban green spaces in Kaunas city municipality (Lithuania). The results show that soil pH in urban environments with Betula pendula sites were most alkaline (pH 7.04), whereas the soil pH of urban environments with Acer platanoides (pH 6.7) and Tilia cordata (pH 6.8) were most acidic. The soil pH of street tree greeneries was alkaline, while soils of peri-urban forests and large urban parks were acidic. Differently to natural conditions in peri urban forests the soil pH level drop down by 0.5 is observed during spring-autumn pe...
Currently, approximately 10% of the Lithuanian area is covered with rapidly expanding urban terri... more Currently, approximately 10% of the Lithuanian area is covered with rapidly expanding urban territories. Higher concentration of population in urban areas, as compared with rural areas, causes a variety of ecological problems. Urban areas are frequently expanded by reducing the surrounding green spaces. Rational planning of infrastructure and accessibility of green spaces has a positive impact on people’s living environment and their health. (Gražulevičienė Acta Biol. Univ. Daugavp. 16 (2) 2016 ISSN 1407 8953
The usage of biodegradable waste as sewage sludge in a proper way for tree nurseries enable to se... more The usage of biodegradable waste as sewage sludge in a proper way for tree nurseries enable to seek for ecological, waste-less, alternative to mineral fertilization farming ways. The aim of this research is to investigate impact of sewage sludge fertilizers on Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) two years’ seedlings growth. Research has been done in 2013-2014 at Utena State Forest Enterprise nursery. The different fertilization rates (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 t/ha) of sewage sludge were investigated and compared with control – traditional fertilization with mineral fertilizers. The impact of sewage sludge was evaluated by seedlings biometric indicators, also dry mass of sample seedlings (medium seedlings by height and diameter). The bigger rates of sewage sludge showed almost better results in exception of seeds outlet. Sewage sludge has long lasting effect on seedlings growth and could successfully shift soil fertilization by mineral fertilizers. The obtained research results confirm the simi...
In the scientific literature, the financial autonomy (FA) of rural municipalities has been referr... more In the scientific literature, the financial autonomy (FA) of rural municipalities has been referred to as a complex and dynamic phenomenon. Its manifestation has been claimed to depend on a variety of externalities and internalities of the local government. Rural municipalities occupy a significant share of the geographical space of the European Union and are very diverse. Hence, the manifestation of autonomy of the local government and possibilities for improvement of the FA in the rural areas are specific for each country and are characterised by their diversity and complexity. The issue of improvement of the FA has become of particularly topical interest in the context of regional and rural development in recent years. It has become increasingly relevant in autonomous and sustainable decision-making and implementation by the local governments as well as in the search for sustainable financial resources in spatial terms. Research aim: to develop the recommendations on improvement ...
Mixed-species forests are getting a new forest management paradigm. This study aims to answer the... more Mixed-species forests are getting a new forest management paradigm. This study aims to answer the question how does Tree Species Richness affects the Stand Stability and Volume in mixed stands? This study was performed in south-west Lithuania. Field surveys were conducted using 586 systematically dispersed circular plots (500m2 ) in mature stands. Per plot we recorded 1-10 tree species. Stand stability was estimated by mortality, recorded with the presence of fresh deadwood. Tree species richness and the volume of shade tolerant species showed no clear association with stand volume. Stand age and stand density show strong positive effect. Tree species richness was positively associated with the proportion of fresh deadwood, i.e. diverse stand with more tree species showed less stability. Finally, the proportion of shade tolerant tree species showed strong positive impact to stand stability. A.glutinosa showed highest preference in formation of pure stands, F.excelsior, S.caprea, A.p...
Tree growth is sensitive to soil pH in urban areas and is often higher than in rural forest. Howe... more Tree growth is sensitive to soil pH in urban areas and is often higher than in rural forest. However, there are knowledge gaps on how soil pH and alkalization are affected by urban environments and seasonal climate as well as the cascading effects on tree species. In order to fulfill these gaps, we analyzed the soil pHCaCl of four common native deciduous tree species: Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Quercus robur and Betula pendula in five different types of urban green spaces in Kaunas city municipality (Lithuania). The results show that soil pH in urban environments with Betula pendula sites were most alkaline (pH 7.04), whereas the soil pH of urban environments with Acer platanoides (pH 6.7) and Tilia cordata (pH 6.8) were most acidic. The soil pH of street tree greeneries was alkaline, while soils of peri-urban forests and large urban parks were acidic. Differently to natural conditions in peri urban forests the soil pH level drop down by 0.5 is observed during spring-autumn pe...
Currently, approximately 10% of the Lithuanian area is covered with rapidly expanding urban terri... more Currently, approximately 10% of the Lithuanian area is covered with rapidly expanding urban territories. Higher concentration of population in urban areas, as compared with rural areas, causes a variety of ecological problems. Urban areas are frequently expanded by reducing the surrounding green spaces. Rational planning of infrastructure and accessibility of green spaces has a positive impact on people’s living environment and their health. (Gražulevičienė Acta Biol. Univ. Daugavp. 16 (2) 2016 ISSN 1407 8953
The usage of biodegradable waste as sewage sludge in a proper way for tree nurseries enable to se... more The usage of biodegradable waste as sewage sludge in a proper way for tree nurseries enable to seek for ecological, waste-less, alternative to mineral fertilization farming ways. The aim of this research is to investigate impact of sewage sludge fertilizers on Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) two years’ seedlings growth. Research has been done in 2013-2014 at Utena State Forest Enterprise nursery. The different fertilization rates (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 t/ha) of sewage sludge were investigated and compared with control – traditional fertilization with mineral fertilizers. The impact of sewage sludge was evaluated by seedlings biometric indicators, also dry mass of sample seedlings (medium seedlings by height and diameter). The bigger rates of sewage sludge showed almost better results in exception of seeds outlet. Sewage sludge has long lasting effect on seedlings growth and could successfully shift soil fertilization by mineral fertilizers. The obtained research results confirm the simi...
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