Background: Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been used to perform neph... more Background: Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been used to perform nephrectomy in the laboratory; however, clinical reports to date have used multiple abdominal trocars to assist the transvaginal procedure. Objective: To present our stepwise technique development and the first successful clinical case of NOTES transvaginal radical nephrectomy for tumor with umbilical assistance without extraumbilical skin incisions. Design, setting,
Background: Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been used to perform neph... more Background: Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been used to perform nephrectomy in the laboratory; however, clinical reports to date have used multiple abdominal trocars to assist the transvaginal procedure. Objective: To present our stepwise technique development and the first successful clinical case of NOTES transvaginal radical nephrectomy for tumor with umbilical assistance without extraumbilical skin incisions. Design, setting,
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Papers by Robert Andrade