In vitro bioassays including cell-based bioassays and low-complexity whole-organism assays have b... more In vitro bioassays including cell-based bioassays and low-complexity whole-organism assays have been applied for decades in water quality monitoring. However, there is no common understanding what level or response is acceptable. As of now, bioassay results were only benchmarked against each other but not against an absolute measure of chemical water quality. The EU environmental quality standards (EQS) differentiate between poor and acceptable surface water concentrations for individual chemicals of concern but cannot capture the thousands of chemicals that are in water and their biological action as mixtures. We developed a method that reads across from existing EQS and makes additional mixture considerations to assure that the derived EBT are protective for complex mixtures as they occur in surface water. The EBT derivation method was applied to 48 in vitro bioassays with 37 of them having sufficient information to yield preliminary EBTs. 30 of those were considered robust enough...
The NORMAN network is a permanent self-sustaining network for the monitoring and biomonitoring of... more The NORMAN network is a permanent self-sustaining network for the monitoring and biomonitoring of emerging environmental contaminants. The NORMAN working group on Bioassays (Bio WG) focuses on the application of bioanalytical tools for environmental quality monitoring. A main objective is to provide recommendations for the implementation of effect-based tools into regulatory frameworks. In this context, a blind interlaboratory study (ILS) was performed. The aim was to verify if a bioassay battery conducted in different laboratories following own protocols would produce comparable results when testing spiked surface water extracts. The lead in planning and organizing was taken by the Department of Ecosystem Analysis (ESA), RWTH Aachen University (DE). The ILS bioassay battery included acute-toxicity assays with organisms from different trophic levels (Algae, Daphnia, Zebrafish embryos); and mechanism-specific bioassays for estrogenicity (YES, ER-Luc cell lines) and mutagenicity (Ames fluctuation) assessment. Three to four participants performed each bioassay, including: BfG (DE), Waternet (NL), Waterproef (NL), INERIS (FR), IFREMER (FR), RECETOX (CZ), ISSeP (BE), ITM (SE), IVM-VU (NL), Entox/University of Queensland (AU), Ecotox Centre (CH), ESA-RWTH (DE). Clean water from a reference site was concentrated 10.000 times with large volume solid-phase extraction. Four emerging pollutants were used for spiking: triclosan, acridine, 3-nitrobezanthrone and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol. Extracts were spiked with either single chemicals or a mixture, in concentrations aimed to produce full dose-response curves in bioassays. The spiked extracts were prepared, separated in aliquots, identified with codes, and sent to the participating laboratories. Standardized bioassay methods (OECD, ISO) were recommended but not mandatory, and biotesters could use their own protocols. Results were sent to RWTH, and a summary of the full ILS was provided to the ILS participants. In October 2014, a workshop was held at RWTH Aachen to present and discuss the ILS results. Bioassays produced mostly highly comparable results, even when protocols differed significantly. Suggestions for future improvements include harmonization of methods for data analysis and results evaluation. An important expected outcome of the ILS is the promotion of biotesting for water quality monitoring at the level of European policy-makers
Ulf Stein, Evelyn Lukat, Theo van den Hoven, Gerard van den Berg3, Anna Szendrenyi, Erwin Beerend... more Ulf Stein, Evelyn Lukat, Theo van den Hoven, Gerard van den Berg3, Anna Szendrenyi, Erwin Beerendonk3, Bart van der Burg, Marc Bourgin, Roberta Caris-Hofman3, Thomas Gross, Stephan Hannappel, Armelle Hebert, Marta Hernández, Hein de Jonge, Cornelia Kienle, Jörg Gebhardt, Anna Kounina, Beatriz de la Loma Gonzalez, Christa S. McArdell, Daniel Mutz, Ron van der Oost, Miranda Pieron, Christian Remy, Eszter Simon, Christoph Sprenger, Ester Vilanova, Kristina Wencki, Mariëlle van der Zouwen, Christoph Hugi, Christopher Oberschelp, Merijn Schriks, Kirsten Baken, Hannes Schritt
Ron van der Oost, 1* Henk Heida, 1 Antoon Opperhuizen, 2 and Nico PE Vermeulen3 Bioaccumulation o... more Ron van der Oost, 1* Henk Heida, 1 Antoon Opperhuizen, 2 and Nico PE Vermeulen3 Bioaccumulation of Organic Micropollutants in Different Aquatic Organisms: Sublethal Toxic Effects on Fish REFERENCE: van der Oost, R., Heida, H., Opperhuizen, A., and Vermeulen, NPE, " ...
The Science of the total environment, Jan 14, 2018
Effect-based methods including cell-based bioassays, reporter gene assays and whole-organism assa... more Effect-based methods including cell-based bioassays, reporter gene assays and whole-organism assays have been applied for decades in water quality monitoring and testing of enriched solid-phase extracts. There is no common EU-wide agreement on what level of bioassay response in water extracts is acceptable. At present, bioassay results are only benchmarked against each other but not against a consented measure of chemical water quality. The EU environmental quality standards (EQS) differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable surface water concentrations for individual chemicals but cannot capture the thousands of chemicals in water and their biological action as mixtures. We developed a method that reads across from existing EQS and includes additional mixture considerations with the goal that the derived effect-based trigger values (EBT) indicate acceptable risk for complex mixtures as they occur in surface water. Advantages and limitations of various approaches to read across...
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, Sep 4, 2017
Since it is impossible to chemically analyze all relevant micropollutants, the implementation of ... more Since it is impossible to chemically analyze all relevant micropollutants, the implementation of bioanalytical tools is essential to estimate ecological risks of chemical mixtures in regular water monitoring programs. The first tier of the Smart Integrated Monitoring (SIMONI) strategy, which was described in part I, is based on the combination of passive sampling and bioanalytical measurements. Bioassay responses are compared to effect-based trigger values (EBT) and an overall SIMONI score on all bioassay data was designed to indicate environmental risks. The present paper is focused on analyzing the feasibility of the hazard identification tier by evaluating results of 45 field campaigns at sites with different pollution profiles near the city of Amsterdam. A Daphnia assay was performed in situ, while silicon rubber or POCIS passive sampler extracts were tested with four non-specific (daphnids, algae, bacteria and cell culture) and ten specific bioassays (nine CALUX assays and anti...
Bioassays are particularly useful tools to link the chemical and ecological assessments in water ... more Bioassays are particularly useful tools to link the chemical and ecological assessments in water quality monitoring. Different methods cover a broad range of toxicity mechanisms in diverse organisms, and account for risks posed by non-target compounds and mixtures. Many tests are already applied in chemical and waste assessments, and stakeholders from the science-police interface have recommended their integration in regulatory water quality monitoring. Still, there is a need to address bioassay suitability to evaluate water samples containing emerging pollutants, which are a current priority in water quality monitoring. The presented interlaboratory study (ILS) verified whether a battery of miniaturized bioassays, conducted in 11 different laboratories following their own protocols, would produce comparable results when applied to evaluate blinded samples consisting of a pristine water extract spiked with four emerging pollutants as single chemicals or mixtures, i.e. triclosan, acr...
... a recycling reaction followed by spectrophotometric detection in a flowinjec tion analysis sy... more ... a recycling reaction followed by spectrophotometric detection in a flowinjec tion analysis system, as ... differences could be observed between the activities of three antioxidant enzymes in hepatic ... 5). Glutathione peroxi dase (GPOX) activity was significantly elevated in eel from the ...
In vitro bioassays including cell-based bioassays and low-complexity whole-organism assays have b... more In vitro bioassays including cell-based bioassays and low-complexity whole-organism assays have been applied for decades in water quality monitoring. However, there is no common understanding what level or response is acceptable. As of now, bioassay results were only benchmarked against each other but not against an absolute measure of chemical water quality. The EU environmental quality standards (EQS) differentiate between poor and acceptable surface water concentrations for individual chemicals of concern but cannot capture the thousands of chemicals that are in water and their biological action as mixtures. We developed a method that reads across from existing EQS and makes additional mixture considerations to assure that the derived EBT are protective for complex mixtures as they occur in surface water. The EBT derivation method was applied to 48 in vitro bioassays with 37 of them having sufficient information to yield preliminary EBTs. 30 of those were considered robust enough...
The NORMAN network is a permanent self-sustaining network for the monitoring and biomonitoring of... more The NORMAN network is a permanent self-sustaining network for the monitoring and biomonitoring of emerging environmental contaminants. The NORMAN working group on Bioassays (Bio WG) focuses on the application of bioanalytical tools for environmental quality monitoring. A main objective is to provide recommendations for the implementation of effect-based tools into regulatory frameworks. In this context, a blind interlaboratory study (ILS) was performed. The aim was to verify if a bioassay battery conducted in different laboratories following own protocols would produce comparable results when testing spiked surface water extracts. The lead in planning and organizing was taken by the Department of Ecosystem Analysis (ESA), RWTH Aachen University (DE). The ILS bioassay battery included acute-toxicity assays with organisms from different trophic levels (Algae, Daphnia, Zebrafish embryos); and mechanism-specific bioassays for estrogenicity (YES, ER-Luc cell lines) and mutagenicity (Ames fluctuation) assessment. Three to four participants performed each bioassay, including: BfG (DE), Waternet (NL), Waterproef (NL), INERIS (FR), IFREMER (FR), RECETOX (CZ), ISSeP (BE), ITM (SE), IVM-VU (NL), Entox/University of Queensland (AU), Ecotox Centre (CH), ESA-RWTH (DE). Clean water from a reference site was concentrated 10.000 times with large volume solid-phase extraction. Four emerging pollutants were used for spiking: triclosan, acridine, 3-nitrobezanthrone and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol. Extracts were spiked with either single chemicals or a mixture, in concentrations aimed to produce full dose-response curves in bioassays. The spiked extracts were prepared, separated in aliquots, identified with codes, and sent to the participating laboratories. Standardized bioassay methods (OECD, ISO) were recommended but not mandatory, and biotesters could use their own protocols. Results were sent to RWTH, and a summary of the full ILS was provided to the ILS participants. In October 2014, a workshop was held at RWTH Aachen to present and discuss the ILS results. Bioassays produced mostly highly comparable results, even when protocols differed significantly. Suggestions for future improvements include harmonization of methods for data analysis and results evaluation. An important expected outcome of the ILS is the promotion of biotesting for water quality monitoring at the level of European policy-makers
Ulf Stein, Evelyn Lukat, Theo van den Hoven, Gerard van den Berg3, Anna Szendrenyi, Erwin Beerend... more Ulf Stein, Evelyn Lukat, Theo van den Hoven, Gerard van den Berg3, Anna Szendrenyi, Erwin Beerendonk3, Bart van der Burg, Marc Bourgin, Roberta Caris-Hofman3, Thomas Gross, Stephan Hannappel, Armelle Hebert, Marta Hernández, Hein de Jonge, Cornelia Kienle, Jörg Gebhardt, Anna Kounina, Beatriz de la Loma Gonzalez, Christa S. McArdell, Daniel Mutz, Ron van der Oost, Miranda Pieron, Christian Remy, Eszter Simon, Christoph Sprenger, Ester Vilanova, Kristina Wencki, Mariëlle van der Zouwen, Christoph Hugi, Christopher Oberschelp, Merijn Schriks, Kirsten Baken, Hannes Schritt
Ron van der Oost, 1* Henk Heida, 1 Antoon Opperhuizen, 2 and Nico PE Vermeulen3 Bioaccumulation o... more Ron van der Oost, 1* Henk Heida, 1 Antoon Opperhuizen, 2 and Nico PE Vermeulen3 Bioaccumulation of Organic Micropollutants in Different Aquatic Organisms: Sublethal Toxic Effects on Fish REFERENCE: van der Oost, R., Heida, H., Opperhuizen, A., and Vermeulen, NPE, " ...
The Science of the total environment, Jan 14, 2018
Effect-based methods including cell-based bioassays, reporter gene assays and whole-organism assa... more Effect-based methods including cell-based bioassays, reporter gene assays and whole-organism assays have been applied for decades in water quality monitoring and testing of enriched solid-phase extracts. There is no common EU-wide agreement on what level of bioassay response in water extracts is acceptable. At present, bioassay results are only benchmarked against each other but not against a consented measure of chemical water quality. The EU environmental quality standards (EQS) differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable surface water concentrations for individual chemicals but cannot capture the thousands of chemicals in water and their biological action as mixtures. We developed a method that reads across from existing EQS and includes additional mixture considerations with the goal that the derived effect-based trigger values (EBT) indicate acceptable risk for complex mixtures as they occur in surface water. Advantages and limitations of various approaches to read across...
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, Sep 4, 2017
Since it is impossible to chemically analyze all relevant micropollutants, the implementation of ... more Since it is impossible to chemically analyze all relevant micropollutants, the implementation of bioanalytical tools is essential to estimate ecological risks of chemical mixtures in regular water monitoring programs. The first tier of the Smart Integrated Monitoring (SIMONI) strategy, which was described in part I, is based on the combination of passive sampling and bioanalytical measurements. Bioassay responses are compared to effect-based trigger values (EBT) and an overall SIMONI score on all bioassay data was designed to indicate environmental risks. The present paper is focused on analyzing the feasibility of the hazard identification tier by evaluating results of 45 field campaigns at sites with different pollution profiles near the city of Amsterdam. A Daphnia assay was performed in situ, while silicon rubber or POCIS passive sampler extracts were tested with four non-specific (daphnids, algae, bacteria and cell culture) and ten specific bioassays (nine CALUX assays and anti...
Bioassays are particularly useful tools to link the chemical and ecological assessments in water ... more Bioassays are particularly useful tools to link the chemical and ecological assessments in water quality monitoring. Different methods cover a broad range of toxicity mechanisms in diverse organisms, and account for risks posed by non-target compounds and mixtures. Many tests are already applied in chemical and waste assessments, and stakeholders from the science-police interface have recommended their integration in regulatory water quality monitoring. Still, there is a need to address bioassay suitability to evaluate water samples containing emerging pollutants, which are a current priority in water quality monitoring. The presented interlaboratory study (ILS) verified whether a battery of miniaturized bioassays, conducted in 11 different laboratories following their own protocols, would produce comparable results when applied to evaluate blinded samples consisting of a pristine water extract spiked with four emerging pollutants as single chemicals or mixtures, i.e. triclosan, acr...
... a recycling reaction followed by spectrophotometric detection in a flowinjec tion analysis sy... more ... a recycling reaction followed by spectrophotometric detection in a flowinjec tion analysis system, as ... differences could be observed between the activities of three antioxidant enzymes in hepatic ... 5). Glutathione peroxi dase (GPOX) activity was significantly elevated in eel from the ...
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