I am an Associate Professor(specialist in Small animal medicine), doctorate degree holder in the Department of Veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. A fellow of College of Veterinary Surgeons of Nigeria. A researcher and postgraduate supervisor in Veterinary medicine. Author of upto 50 publications both in local and international journals. Member of RIWA a West African Organisation with mandate to eradicate rabies in West Africa by year 2030. Member Small animal Veterinary Association of Nigeria, Member Public health Veterinary Association of Nigeria. Servicom officer in MOUAU.Married with three children.
Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 2019
Zoonotic infectious agents are among the most prevalent on earth and are thought to be responsibl... more Zoonotic infectious agents are among the most prevalent on earth and are thought to be responsible for more than 60 per cent of all human infections and also 75 per cent of emerging human infectious diseases. This study investigated the existence of schistosomosis in dogs in Ikwuano communities as possible source of human infection. Samples were collected from dogs within 20 out of a total of 36 communities in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia state. Both faecal and anal swab samples were collected from dogs of various breeds, age bracket and sex. Samples were analyzed using direct microscopy of faecal and anal swab samples, sedimentation and feacal salt flotation techniques. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The incidence of the disease was determined and presented in percentage. Out of a total of 20 communities’ sampled only 2 namely Amaoba ime and Afa communities were positive for schistosomosis. Out of 23 dogs sampled in Amaoba ime, 6 were exotic while...
Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 2019
Schistosomiasis is considered second only to malaria as one of the most neglected tropical diseas... more Schistosomiasis is considered second only to malaria as one of the most neglected tropical disease. In most settings, cross infection between human and dogs occur which necessitated the need to determine the incidence of schistosomiasis in dogs in the South-eastern Nigeria. To establish a bench mark on schistosomiasis in dogs in the South-eastern Nigeria.In the study 20 out of 36 communities in Ikwuano including all dogs presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, MOUAU all in Ikwuano (L.G.A) were sampled for schistosomiasis. Faecal sample and anal swabs were randomly screened from dogs of various breeds, age bracket and sex. The samples were analysed using faecal flotation technique and direct microscopy. The incidence of the disease was determined and presented in percentage. The incidence of schistosomiasis between breeds, sex and age were compared using independent sample T-test and presented as mean ± SE. The level of significance was accepted at (p<0.05). The result reco...
Objectives This study demonstrated the enhancing actions of probiotic on the antitrypanosomal eff... more Objectives This study demonstrated the enhancing actions of probiotic on the antitrypanosomal effects of diminazene aceturate in dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Methods Twenty (20) apparently healthy adult local dogs of both sexes were randomly divided into five groups each containing four dogs. Group I were uninfected and untreated while groups III, IV and V were infected. Groups II, III, IV and V were administered multispecies probiotic (MSP) and/or diminazene aceturate (DA). Parasitaemia was determined, clinical signs recorded and blood collected for haematology. Results Results revealed T. b. brucei prepatent periods of 4.75 ± 0.25, (4–5) days and significant decrease of parasitaemia, clinical signs and mortality in groups IV and V compared to group III. Mortalities of 100% (group III), 25% (group IV) and 0% (group V) were recorded. Mean packed cells volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood cells count showed no significant difference in group...
The clinical signs and pathological changes in West African dwarf goats naturally infected with p... more The clinical signs and pathological changes in West African dwarf goats naturally infected with peste des petits ruminants (PPR) were studied. Twenty one goats were housed in one pen throughout the duration of the study. One out of 21 goats was purchased with clinical manifestations suggestive of PPR and the goat served as the source of natural infection to the rest of the goats. By day 3 post aggregation of the animals, 5 out of the 21 goats showed clinical signs of PPR which include coughing, sneezing, pyrexia, starry hair coat, mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharges, watery diarrhea, head pressing, kyphosis and dehydration. By day 5 post aggregation all the goats had come down with the disease. Gross pathological findings included zebra stripes on the cecal mucosa, exudative pleurisy in the thoracic cavity, ecchymotic hemorrhages on the trachea with extensive froth, consolidation and congestion of the lungs. New findings of degenerative fatty liquefaction around the coronary re...
The clinical and pathological changes in dogs experimentally infected with single and conjunct in... more The clinical and pathological changes in dogs experimentally infected with single and conjunct infections of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Ancylostoma caninum were studied. Four groups of dogs (GPI, GPII, GPIII and GPIV) of five in each were used for this study. GPI was uninfected control while GPII, GPIII and GPIV were infected with A. caninum, T. b. brucei and conjunct A. caninum/T. b. brucei, respectively. Results showed severe infection in the conjunct than in the single infections. Prepatent period of T. b. brucei infection was 4–6 days in GPIV and 6–9 days in GPIII. Prepatent period of A. caninum was 13 days and 19 days in GPIV and GPII, respectively. All the infected dogs in GPIII and GPIV died whereas only two out of the five dogs died in GPII. The mean death time for the dogs was 26 ± 5.7, 28 ± 1.1 and 31 ± 1.8 days in GPIV, GPIII and GPII, respectively. The dogs in GPIII and GPIV showed pyrexia, pale mucous membrane, anorexia, swollen abdomen, ocular discharge, swollen fac...
INTRODUCTION: The rate at which cases of rabies are reported in the news media and suspected case... more INTRODUCTION: The rate at which cases of rabies are reported in the news media and suspected cases are presented at veterinary clinics and human hospitals in Kwara State of Nigeria calls for critical attention. Although rabies is a highly dreaded disease, yet public awareness and knowledge of its risk factors and exposure management appear to remain poor in rural areas of Nigeria. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of rabies campaign on the uptake of anti-rabies vaccination by pet owners in a local community. METHODS: an anti-rabies campaign was carried out in Ifelodun Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria from April 2016 to June 2016 by a group of veterinarians. Public address system was used to communicate messages on source and biological nature of rabies, and what to do when exposed. Youths and adults in schools, worship centres (including Churches and Mosques), market areas, town halls and community centers were administered a follow-up questionnaire ...
INTRODUCTION: Although rabies has been a neglected disease of high public health importance in Af... more INTRODUCTION: Although rabies has been a neglected disease of high public health importance in Africa, quite recently the disease was prioritized for global elimination by 2030. As a result, new efforts and opportunities are emerging to promote strategic one health intervention in the rapidly changing human-animal-environment interface in West Africa, and Nigeria in particular. It is widely agreed upon that our ability to improve and advance rabies control cannot be based on a mindset of sectoral and uni-disciplinary approach, rather than a trans-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary one-health concept. The aim is to scope on actualizing one-health collaboration. METHODS: a scope of traditional communication among health workers, animal health workers, dog owners/breeders and dog bite victims in Nigeria. We used the one health strategy to highlight how integration and collaboration among those stakeholders could result in more rapid prevention and control of rabies hitherto neglected ...
Trypanosomosis has been associated with immunosuppression in infected animals and the cardinal si... more Trypanosomosis has been associated with immunosuppression in infected animals and the cardinal sign of Trypanosomosis and ancylostomosis in infected animals is anemia. Measurement of anemia gives a reliable indication of the disease status and productive performance of trypanosome-infected animals; hence the importance of this work to determine the severity of anemia in dogs with single and conjunct infections of Trypanosoma brucei and Ancylostoma caninum as manifested in the decrease in packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb). Twenty local dogs of both sexes, 6-8 months old, were divided into four treatment groups with five dogs per treatment. GP1 was uninfected control while GP2, GP3 and GP4 were infected with A. caninum, T. brucei and conjunct A. caninum/ T. brucei, respectively. Results showed that anemia was more severe in the conjunct infection than in single infections. The infections were characterized by decrease (P Keywords: Ancylostoma caninum, dog, hematology, Trypa...
Trypanosomosis is an infectious disease with great economic impact on livestock production. In th... more Trypanosomosis is an infectious disease with great economic impact on livestock production. In this study, the effects of probiotic on serum biochemical changes of Nigerian indigenous dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei were investigated. Twenty (20) healthy dogs of both sexes (6–10 kg body weight) following screening, were randomly divided into 5 groups of 4 dogs each. Dogs in group I (uninfected and untreated); group II (uninfected + multi species (Pet dophillus®) probiotic); group III (infected + multi species probiotic); group IV (infected + diaminazene aceturate); and group V (infected + probiotic + diminazene aceturate). Dogs were fed probiotic for 21 days before infection, and up to the last day post-infection (PI). Dogs in infected groups were inoculated intraperitonially with 2.5 × 106 trypanosomes on day 21 and diminazene aceturate was administered on day 5 post-infection (PI). Prepatent period and parasitaemia were determined. Blood was collected in plain sample bottles and serum harvested for serum biochemical analyses. Prepatent periods of T. brucei brucei were 4.75 ± 0.25 days (group III), 4.00 ± 0.41 days (group IV) and 4.25 ± 0.49 days (groups V); and parasitaemia was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in groups IV and V compared to group III post-treatment. Mean serum total protein was significantly increased in group III from day 28 up to the end of the study. No significant (P > 0.05) differences existed in the mean serum albumin and creatinine levels in all groups of dogs. The mean serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in group III post infection up to the end of the study. In conclusion, the multispecies probiotic enhanced the efficacy of diaminazene aceturate in mitigating the serum biochemical changes due to experimental T. brucei brucei infection in dogs.
The paucity of information on the prevalence of haemoparasites in livestock in Ikwuano L.G.A. of ... more The paucity of information on the prevalence of haemoparasites in livestock in Ikwuano L.G.A. of Abia state, the seat of the University of Agriculture Umudike necessitated the study. Out of 639 samples analyzed 141 were males and 498 females and out of these 243(38.0%) were positive for haemoparasites. The prevalence was higher in females 199(40.0%) compared to males 44(31.2%). Goats/sheep had the highest prevalence in Babesia 214 (88.1%); Anaplasma 76 (31.3%) and Trypanosomes 18 (7.4%). Prevalence in cattle was Babesia 209 (86.0%); Anaplasma 75 (31.0%) and Trypanosomes 0 (0.0%). Zero prevalence was recorded in pigs. The highest prevalence was recorded in the month of November 108(64.0%) and December 42 (65.0%) and. Others were March 55 (44.0%); April 20 (35.1%), May 5 (14.3%), June 7 (14.3%), July 3 (5.0%) and August 3 (4.0%). There were significant decreases (P>0.05) in pack cell volume and hemoglobin concentration of all the infected animals compared to the control.
Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 2019
Zoonotic infectious agents are among the most prevalent on earth and are thought to be responsibl... more Zoonotic infectious agents are among the most prevalent on earth and are thought to be responsible for more than 60 per cent of all human infections and also 75 per cent of emerging human infectious diseases. This study investigated the existence of schistosomosis in dogs in Ikwuano communities as possible source of human infection. Samples were collected from dogs within 20 out of a total of 36 communities in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia state. Both faecal and anal swab samples were collected from dogs of various breeds, age bracket and sex. Samples were analyzed using direct microscopy of faecal and anal swab samples, sedimentation and feacal salt flotation techniques. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The incidence of the disease was determined and presented in percentage. Out of a total of 20 communities’ sampled only 2 namely Amaoba ime and Afa communities were positive for schistosomosis. Out of 23 dogs sampled in Amaoba ime, 6 were exotic while...
Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 2019
Schistosomiasis is considered second only to malaria as one of the most neglected tropical diseas... more Schistosomiasis is considered second only to malaria as one of the most neglected tropical disease. In most settings, cross infection between human and dogs occur which necessitated the need to determine the incidence of schistosomiasis in dogs in the South-eastern Nigeria. To establish a bench mark on schistosomiasis in dogs in the South-eastern Nigeria.In the study 20 out of 36 communities in Ikwuano including all dogs presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, MOUAU all in Ikwuano (L.G.A) were sampled for schistosomiasis. Faecal sample and anal swabs were randomly screened from dogs of various breeds, age bracket and sex. The samples were analysed using faecal flotation technique and direct microscopy. The incidence of the disease was determined and presented in percentage. The incidence of schistosomiasis between breeds, sex and age were compared using independent sample T-test and presented as mean ± SE. The level of significance was accepted at (p<0.05). The result reco...
Objectives This study demonstrated the enhancing actions of probiotic on the antitrypanosomal eff... more Objectives This study demonstrated the enhancing actions of probiotic on the antitrypanosomal effects of diminazene aceturate in dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Methods Twenty (20) apparently healthy adult local dogs of both sexes were randomly divided into five groups each containing four dogs. Group I were uninfected and untreated while groups III, IV and V were infected. Groups II, III, IV and V were administered multispecies probiotic (MSP) and/or diminazene aceturate (DA). Parasitaemia was determined, clinical signs recorded and blood collected for haematology. Results Results revealed T. b. brucei prepatent periods of 4.75 ± 0.25, (4–5) days and significant decrease of parasitaemia, clinical signs and mortality in groups IV and V compared to group III. Mortalities of 100% (group III), 25% (group IV) and 0% (group V) were recorded. Mean packed cells volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood cells count showed no significant difference in group...
The clinical signs and pathological changes in West African dwarf goats naturally infected with p... more The clinical signs and pathological changes in West African dwarf goats naturally infected with peste des petits ruminants (PPR) were studied. Twenty one goats were housed in one pen throughout the duration of the study. One out of 21 goats was purchased with clinical manifestations suggestive of PPR and the goat served as the source of natural infection to the rest of the goats. By day 3 post aggregation of the animals, 5 out of the 21 goats showed clinical signs of PPR which include coughing, sneezing, pyrexia, starry hair coat, mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharges, watery diarrhea, head pressing, kyphosis and dehydration. By day 5 post aggregation all the goats had come down with the disease. Gross pathological findings included zebra stripes on the cecal mucosa, exudative pleurisy in the thoracic cavity, ecchymotic hemorrhages on the trachea with extensive froth, consolidation and congestion of the lungs. New findings of degenerative fatty liquefaction around the coronary re...
The clinical and pathological changes in dogs experimentally infected with single and conjunct in... more The clinical and pathological changes in dogs experimentally infected with single and conjunct infections of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Ancylostoma caninum were studied. Four groups of dogs (GPI, GPII, GPIII and GPIV) of five in each were used for this study. GPI was uninfected control while GPII, GPIII and GPIV were infected with A. caninum, T. b. brucei and conjunct A. caninum/T. b. brucei, respectively. Results showed severe infection in the conjunct than in the single infections. Prepatent period of T. b. brucei infection was 4–6 days in GPIV and 6–9 days in GPIII. Prepatent period of A. caninum was 13 days and 19 days in GPIV and GPII, respectively. All the infected dogs in GPIII and GPIV died whereas only two out of the five dogs died in GPII. The mean death time for the dogs was 26 ± 5.7, 28 ± 1.1 and 31 ± 1.8 days in GPIV, GPIII and GPII, respectively. The dogs in GPIII and GPIV showed pyrexia, pale mucous membrane, anorexia, swollen abdomen, ocular discharge, swollen fac...
INTRODUCTION: The rate at which cases of rabies are reported in the news media and suspected case... more INTRODUCTION: The rate at which cases of rabies are reported in the news media and suspected cases are presented at veterinary clinics and human hospitals in Kwara State of Nigeria calls for critical attention. Although rabies is a highly dreaded disease, yet public awareness and knowledge of its risk factors and exposure management appear to remain poor in rural areas of Nigeria. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of rabies campaign on the uptake of anti-rabies vaccination by pet owners in a local community. METHODS: an anti-rabies campaign was carried out in Ifelodun Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria from April 2016 to June 2016 by a group of veterinarians. Public address system was used to communicate messages on source and biological nature of rabies, and what to do when exposed. Youths and adults in schools, worship centres (including Churches and Mosques), market areas, town halls and community centers were administered a follow-up questionnaire ...
INTRODUCTION: Although rabies has been a neglected disease of high public health importance in Af... more INTRODUCTION: Although rabies has been a neglected disease of high public health importance in Africa, quite recently the disease was prioritized for global elimination by 2030. As a result, new efforts and opportunities are emerging to promote strategic one health intervention in the rapidly changing human-animal-environment interface in West Africa, and Nigeria in particular. It is widely agreed upon that our ability to improve and advance rabies control cannot be based on a mindset of sectoral and uni-disciplinary approach, rather than a trans-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary one-health concept. The aim is to scope on actualizing one-health collaboration. METHODS: a scope of traditional communication among health workers, animal health workers, dog owners/breeders and dog bite victims in Nigeria. We used the one health strategy to highlight how integration and collaboration among those stakeholders could result in more rapid prevention and control of rabies hitherto neglected ...
Trypanosomosis has been associated with immunosuppression in infected animals and the cardinal si... more Trypanosomosis has been associated with immunosuppression in infected animals and the cardinal sign of Trypanosomosis and ancylostomosis in infected animals is anemia. Measurement of anemia gives a reliable indication of the disease status and productive performance of trypanosome-infected animals; hence the importance of this work to determine the severity of anemia in dogs with single and conjunct infections of Trypanosoma brucei and Ancylostoma caninum as manifested in the decrease in packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb). Twenty local dogs of both sexes, 6-8 months old, were divided into four treatment groups with five dogs per treatment. GP1 was uninfected control while GP2, GP3 and GP4 were infected with A. caninum, T. brucei and conjunct A. caninum/ T. brucei, respectively. Results showed that anemia was more severe in the conjunct infection than in single infections. The infections were characterized by decrease (P Keywords: Ancylostoma caninum, dog, hematology, Trypa...
Trypanosomosis is an infectious disease with great economic impact on livestock production. In th... more Trypanosomosis is an infectious disease with great economic impact on livestock production. In this study, the effects of probiotic on serum biochemical changes of Nigerian indigenous dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei were investigated. Twenty (20) healthy dogs of both sexes (6–10 kg body weight) following screening, were randomly divided into 5 groups of 4 dogs each. Dogs in group I (uninfected and untreated); group II (uninfected + multi species (Pet dophillus®) probiotic); group III (infected + multi species probiotic); group IV (infected + diaminazene aceturate); and group V (infected + probiotic + diminazene aceturate). Dogs were fed probiotic for 21 days before infection, and up to the last day post-infection (PI). Dogs in infected groups were inoculated intraperitonially with 2.5 × 106 trypanosomes on day 21 and diminazene aceturate was administered on day 5 post-infection (PI). Prepatent period and parasitaemia were determined. Blood was collected in plain sample bottles and serum harvested for serum biochemical analyses. Prepatent periods of T. brucei brucei were 4.75 ± 0.25 days (group III), 4.00 ± 0.41 days (group IV) and 4.25 ± 0.49 days (groups V); and parasitaemia was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in groups IV and V compared to group III post-treatment. Mean serum total protein was significantly increased in group III from day 28 up to the end of the study. No significant (P > 0.05) differences existed in the mean serum albumin and creatinine levels in all groups of dogs. The mean serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in group III post infection up to the end of the study. In conclusion, the multispecies probiotic enhanced the efficacy of diaminazene aceturate in mitigating the serum biochemical changes due to experimental T. brucei brucei infection in dogs.
The paucity of information on the prevalence of haemoparasites in livestock in Ikwuano L.G.A. of ... more The paucity of information on the prevalence of haemoparasites in livestock in Ikwuano L.G.A. of Abia state, the seat of the University of Agriculture Umudike necessitated the study. Out of 639 samples analyzed 141 were males and 498 females and out of these 243(38.0%) were positive for haemoparasites. The prevalence was higher in females 199(40.0%) compared to males 44(31.2%). Goats/sheep had the highest prevalence in Babesia 214 (88.1%); Anaplasma 76 (31.3%) and Trypanosomes 18 (7.4%). Prevalence in cattle was Babesia 209 (86.0%); Anaplasma 75 (31.0%) and Trypanosomes 0 (0.0%). Zero prevalence was recorded in pigs. The highest prevalence was recorded in the month of November 108(64.0%) and December 42 (65.0%) and. Others were March 55 (44.0%); April 20 (35.1%), May 5 (14.3%), June 7 (14.3%), July 3 (5.0%) and August 3 (4.0%). There were significant decreases (P>0.05) in pack cell volume and hemoglobin concentration of all the infected animals compared to the control.
Uploads
Papers by Rosemary Nwoha